مجله پژوهش های روان شناسی بالینی و مشاوره
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) on reducing public speaking anxiety in dormitory students.

The research methodology was a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest and a control group. The research statistical population consisted of all dormitory students of Allameh Tabataba'i University in the academic year of 2017-2018. Of these, using purposive sampling technique, thirty students who met the research criteria and experienced high levels of public speaking anxiety were selected and randomly assigned into two groups: the experimental group (15 individuals) and the control group (15 individuals). The experimental group received eight sessions of VRET while the control group received no intervention. Data were collected using Public Speaking Anxiety Scale (PSAS: Bartholomay & Houlihan, 2016) in two stages of pretest and post-test. The data were then analyzed using ANCOVA statistical method.

The results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p<0.001) indicating that VRET is beneficial for reducing public speaking anxiety of dormitory students.

Considering the difficulties in emotion regulation and behavioral problems in adolescents with Intermittent Explosive Disorder (IED), the aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of emotion regulation training on internalized-externalized problems in female students with IED.

This research was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. A sample of 30 students was selected out of 655 high school students in the city of Rasht. These students were identified with a diagnosis of IED and were then randomly divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received the Grass emotion regulation training in eight sessions while the control group watched educational video unrelated to emotion regulation during eight sessions. Both groups completed these questionnaires in two stages of pretest and post-test: Intermittent Explosive Disorder Screening Questionnaire (IED-SQ; Coccaro, Breman & McCloskey, 2017) and Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA: Achenbach & Raskorla, 2003).  The data were analyzed using one-way and multivariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that the emotion regulation training reduced externalizing and internalizing problems in female adolescents with IED. These findings suggest that this type of training can be used to manage the behaviors and emotions of students with IED.

  The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness training on anxiety and working memory by taking the role of worry and rumination into consideration.  The method of this study was quasi-experimental with a three-group pre-test/post-test design. The research statistical population consisted of all eleventh and twelfth grade female students in Qorveh city in the academic year 2015-16. From this population, using purposive sampling method, 93 students who had above-average anxiety scores were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: experimental, placebo, and control. The experimental group received eight training sessions of mindfulness-based stress reduction program. The placebo group received eight training sessions of the English language and the control group received no training. Data were collected using Spielberger Anxiety Inventory, Rumination-Reflection Scale, Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test. The data were analyzed by SPANOVA statistical method. The results indicated significant differences between the experimental, placebo, and control groups in all the variables of interest. It was specified that mindfulness-based stress reduction program was influential in reducing anxiety, rumination, and worry, and increasing working memory performance.

The transition to parenting period is often accompanied by experiencing joy and fun; however, this stage leads to many changes that may affect individual and marital functions. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of integrated couple therapy via diamond method on the quality of marital sexual relationship and parental stress in couples with very young children.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The study population was all couples with children less than 3 years’ old who had referred to counseling centers in the city of Behbahan during the year 2020. The sample consisted of 20 couples who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (10 pairs in each group). The members of the experimental group received six 90-minute sessions of the integrative couple therapy via diamond method. Data collection tools included Quality of Marital Sexuality Scale and Parental Stress Scale. Data were analyzed by multivariate and univariate analysis of covariance statistixal method.

The results showed that there was a significant difference between the two study groups in the variables of marital sexual relationship quality and parental stress. This indicates that the integrated couple therapy with diamond method increases the quality of marital sexual relationship (F=485.944, P<0.05) and reduces parental stress (F=274.647, P<0.05) in couples with very young children.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of psychological distress and resilience in the quality of life in infertility in infertile women.

The present study was a correlational study. The statistical population of this study consisted of all infertile women who were referred to four infertility treatment clinics during three months of 2019-20. Of this population, 346 women who were willing to participate were selected througth convenient sampling method. They were then asked to complete the measures including Resilience Questionnaire (Connor & Davidson, 2003), DASS-21 (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and Quality of Life in Infertility Questionnaire  (Boivin et al., 2011). SPSS software and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

The findings of this study showed that there is a significant relationship between psychological distress and resilience with quality of life in infertility. These findings indicate that psychological distress (i.e., depression, anxiety and stress) and resilience play a significant role in predicting the quality of life in infertility.

Suicide is one of the leading causes of death in the world. Given the importance of identifying at-risk individuals, it is necessary to have valid assessment tools. The aim of the present study, using an Iranian student population, was to investigates the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire (INQ) based on the Interpersonal Suicide Theory (IPTS).

Using translation and back-translation method, the English version of INQ was translated into the Persian language. The sample consisted of 378 students from three universities who were asked to complete the research measures including INQ, Beck Suicide Inventory and Beck Hopelessness Scale. The psychometric properties were then assessed through internal consistency, test-retest, content validity, construct validity and convergent validity methods.

Cronbach's alpha values were favorable for all subscales and the whole scale in both genders and all participants. The factor structure of the scale, using confirmatory factor analysis, showed acceptable material fit. Moreover, the correlation coefficients between the subscales and convergent validity with Beck Suicide Inventory and Beck Hopelessness Scale demonstrated the validity of the scale.

The aim of this study was to test a structural model of metacognitive beliefs with mindfulness of students with social phobia by taking the mediating role of anxiety sensitivity into consideration.

This research was a correlational study in the form of a structural equation modeling design. The Statistical population of the study consisted of all the female undergraduate students of Najafabad Azad University who had taken academic courses in 2019-2020. Among them, 500 students who were willing to participate were selected through convenient sampling method. They were then asked to complete four questionnaires of Social Phobia Inventory (SPIN: Connor et al, 2000), Metacognition Questionnaire (MCQ: Wells & Cartwright-Hatton, 2004); the short form of Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI: Walach et al, 2006), and Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI: Floyd et al., 2005). The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling by Amos software.

The results showed that the structural model of metacognitive beliefs with mindfulness of students with social phobia through the mediating role of anxiety sensitivity fits the emprical data. The direct effect of metacognitive beliefs on mindfulness and anxiety sensitivity, and the direct effect of anxiety sensitivity on standard mindfulness are significant. The indirect standard effect of metacognitive beliefs on mindfulness of students with social phobia through anxiety sensitivity is also significant.