مجله فیض
سال بیست و ششم شماره 2 (پیاپی 124، خرداد و تیر 1401)

Recently, menstrual blood-derived stem cells as a unique source of stem cells with some features such as ease of access, high ability to proliferate and regenerate, lack of immune system stimulation and no tumorigenesis have raised great hopes for heart disease cell therapy. However, the regulatory mechanisms and role of miRNAs in controlling the differentiation of stem cells into cardiomyocytes are not fully understood. In this study, the level of human miR-26b-5p microRNA were investigated before and after differentiation of endometrial stem cells into heart cardiomyocytes.

Endometrial mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated into cardiomyocyte-like cells for 30 days in the presence of 5-azacitidine and fibroblast growth factor. Then, using bioinformatics studies, human miR-26b-5p microRNA was selected and its expression pattern was performed during days 0, 6, 12, 18, 24 and 30 of differentiation by Real Time qRT PCR

Expression Level of human miR-26b-5p showed an uptrend differentiation between days 0 and 6 and then showed a significant decreasing trend differentiation from day 6 to day 18 and an uptrend again after day 18.

The non-uniformity in the expression of hsa-miR-26b-5p microRNA during the 24-day differentiation induction period indicates the existence of different messaging pathways involved in the differentiation process as well as different phases in the evolution and differentiation of cardiomyocytes. The miRNAs involved in the differentiation process and their possible role in turning off and on these messaging pathways at the beginning or end of a phase seems necessary.

Diabetes leads to complications such as peripheral neuropathy. This study aimed to compare the effect of 8 weeks of resistance training, water training and omega 3 consumption on malondialdehyde (MDA), C Reactive Protein (CRP), glycosylated hemoglobin and blood pressure in diabetic men with peripheral neuropathy.

This research is a semi-experimental study and its statistical population consisted of diabetic men with peripheral neuropathy. A total of 80 diabetic patients with neuropathy were divided into four groups: omega-3 supplementation, resistance training, water training and control (For eight weeks, 20 people in each group).

In terms of glycosylated hemoglobin and blood pressure, there was a significant difference between the control group and the resistance training (P=0.001), water training (P=0.001) and omega-3 (P=0.001) groups. There was a significant difference between resistance training group and omega-3 group (P=0.041) in terms of glycosylated hemoglobin and between water training group and omega-3 group (P=0.004) in terms of blood pressure. In terms of MDA and CRP, there was a significant difference between the control group with the resistance training group (P=0.001) and the water training group (P=0.001) and between the resistance training group and the omega-3 group (P=0.001) and Water exercise group with omega-3 group (P=0.001), also.

Resistance exercise and water exercise reduce inflammation and oxidative stress, as well as blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin in people with diabetic neuropathy. But omega-3 alone was effective only on glycosylated blood pressure and hemoglobin.

High-intensity functional training is a group- and individual-based exercise which increase physical fitness, and it seems to be useful for improving the health of the elderly. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of high-intensity functional training on serum levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, ApoA-I and ApoB in elderly men and women.

In this quasi-experimental study, 23 subjects (7 males and 16 females, aged 60-88 yrs) were divided into experimental (n=16) and control (n=7) groups. The experimental group performed a high-intensity functional training protocol consisting of six exercises three sessions per week for eight weeks. The exercises were performed at all-out intensity for 30 seconds and there was 15 seconds between each set and 2 minutes rest between each exercises. To analyze the data, paired samples t-test and ANCOVA were used and the level of significance was considered as P<0.05.

The results showed that in the experimental group, serum levels of LDL, cholesterol and triglyceride significantly decreased and HDL and apoA-I significantly increased (P<0.05), but in the control group, no significant change was observed in the serum levels of the variables (P>0.05). Also, the results showed a significant difference between the two groups in all variables (P<0.05) except for cholesterol (P=0.093) and ApoB (P=0.251).

Eight weeks of high-intensity functional training in elderly men and women improve serum levels of cardiovascular health-related factors. Therefore, high-intensity functional training is recommended at least to improve cardiovascular function in elderly men and women.

Activation of inflammatory processes after a heart attack is necessary, but if it continues too long, it will facilitate the recurrence of myocardial infarction. Endurance training plays an important role in improving inflammation and the condition of heart attack patients. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the acute response of sports rehabilitation with electrical stimulation on CA-125 and Cys-C in myocardial infarction rats.

In this experimental study with a control group of 50 Wistar rats (8 weeks old, weighing 220±30g) were randomly divided into 5 healthy groups: infarction, infarction-exercise rehabilitation, infarction-electrical stimulation and infarction-exercise rehabilitation-stimulation were electrically divided. Myocardial infarction was induced by subcutaneous injection of Isoproterenol (150 mg/kg) 24 hours apart in groups. The intervention groups underwent endurance training (treadmill at 20 m/min for 1 hour) and electrical stimulation (foot shock device with 0.5 mA for 20 minutes) for one session. Serum levels of CA-125 and Cys-C were assessed by ELISA immediately after the intervention. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc at the significance level of P<0.05.

Induction of infarction significantly increases serum levels of CA-125 and Cys-C (P=0.0001). One session of electrical stimulation and exercise rehabilitation with electrical stimulation showed a significant decrease in serum CA-125 levels (P<0.05) but no significant changes were observed in serum Cys-C values (P˃0.05).

It seems that a session of electrical stimulation and exercise rehabilitation combined with electrical stimulation leads to the improvement of the inflammatory status of infarction patients.

Depression is one of the most important psychological problems in society that reduces their health. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy with behavioral activation therapy on learned helplessness and cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with depressive symptoms.

The present study was a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest with two experimental groups and a control group. The statistical population of the study included all people with depression in Babol who referred to psychotherapy clinics in 2021. Forty-five subjects who scored above-average on the Beck Depression Inventory were randomly selected and randomly assigned to three groups of 15 responding to the Garnfsky Emotion Cognitive Regulation and Queens and Nelson Learned Helplessness Questionnaire. Analysis of covariance and Benferoni test using SPSS-23 software were used to analyze the results.  

The results showed that there was no significant difference between the effect of two methods of behavioral methodology and behavioral activation on learned helplessness (P<0.277) and cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.188). Similarly, they affect learned helplessness and cognitive emotion regulation (P<0.001).

cognitive-behavioral therapy and behavioral activation therapy can be used to reduce learned helplessness and emotion regulation in patients with depression.

This meta-analysis aimed to see how effective traditional and computer-based cognitive rehabilitation programs are at improving cognitive skills in children with special learning problems.

This research is a meta-analysis of selected studies published in Iran between 2010 and 2020 in the field of cognitive rehabilitation interventions for special learning disorders using computers and classics training. The papers were researched and chosen from databases of scientific research publications in the fields of psychology and related sciences, with the research goal in mind. some educational databases were examined and searched, including the comprehensive portal of humanities (ensani.ir), the Noor specialized magazines database (noormags.ir), the scientific information database (sid.ir), the google scholar international scientific search (scholar.google.com), the Iranian magazine’s database (magiran.com), and the MOH journals database (idml.research.ac.ir), from which 40 research papers were chosen to be entered into the database.

There were a total of 1061 samples and 40 effect sizes in the studies that were reviewed. The effect size of both cognitive rehabilitation program approaches on improving cognitive function in children with specific learning disorders was equal to d=0.95 with d=1.01 for the effectiveness of computer-based training and about d=0.90 for the effectiveness of classic training, according to the meta-analysis. According to Cohen's table, the calculated sizes of effects suggested high effects.

This findings indicate that both computer-based and traditional cognitive rehabilitation programs have a considerable impact on the cognitive function of children with specific learning disorders.

Family-centered empowerment is one of the effective models in improving the better performance of life activities in patients with chronic diseases. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effect of the family-centered empowerment model on the daily activities of the elderly with heart failure were designed and implemented.

This quasi-experimental study was performed on 80 elderly patients with heart failure. Samples were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into experimental (n=40) and control (n=40) groups. In the experimental group, empowerment training based on a family-centered model was conducted during 8 two-hour sessions for the elderly and his primary care. The research instrument was completed by the samples in two groups three times before the intervention, immediately and one month after. Data were entered in SPSS software version 16 and with Chi-square statistical tests, independent t-test, and analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The results showed that the mean score of daily living activities in the elderly in the experimental group in the previous times (19.71±5.12), immediately (20.26±3.66) and one the month after the intervention (23.64 ±3.86) had a significant increase (P<0.0001). Also, the results of analysis of variance with repeated measures showed that the interaction of group and time on the score of daily living activities in the experimental group was significant (P<0.0001).

It can be concluded that the family-centered empowerment model can improve the activities of daily living in the elderly with heart failure.

Numerous studies have focused on the regulation of emotion and psychological resilience among adolescents, but there is a research gap on the regulation of emotion and psychological resilience among adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders and normal adolescents. This study aimed to compare emotion regulation and psychological flexibility in female adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders and normal female adolescents.

In this cross-sectional study, the sample consisted of two groups of 70 female students with internalized behavioral disorders and 70 normal female students from schools in Yazd who were purposefully selected. Research instruments included Behavioral Inventory Questionnaire (CBCL), Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (AFQ-Y8) and Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ-CA). Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and independent t-test.

According to the findings, the mean of reassessment, repression and psychological resilience in adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders were 20.88, 14.38, 16.55, respectively, and those without the disorder were 6.78, 19.25, 9.25, and 6.22. The results also showed that the variables of repression (t=-6.13) and psychological resilience (t=-10.61) were significantly different between the two groups with internalized behavioral disorders and normal individuals (P<0.001). But there was no significant difference between the two groups in re-evaluation.

It is seems that adolescents with internalized behavioral disorders to avoid accepting and managing their emotion properly by suppressing them compared to normal people. Therefore, promoting psychological flexibility can affect their ability to cope and manage their emotions.

Covid-19 disease was first reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Inflammatory connective tissue diseases include rheumatoid arthritis and lupus, and non-inflammatory types include osteoarthritis and discopathy. This study was performed to compare the severity and risk of COVID-19 in patients with inflammatory and non-inflammatory connective tissue diseases.

This cross-sectional study was performed on patients with COVID-19 with positive PCR in a population of 2370 patients with inflammatory connective tissue (1030 cases) and non-inflammatory patients (1340 cases). Sampling was performed by convenience method. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software version 16.

In this study, 190 patients (including 142 cases of inflammatory and 48 cases of non-inflammatory connective tissue disorders) with COVID-19. The risk of COVID-19 was estimated 8.01% in connective tissue cases, 13.8% in inflammatory connective tissue patients and 3.6% in cases with non-inflammatory types. Another finding of our study was a significant difference between the two groups of inflammatory and non-inflammatory connective tissue patients in terms of the severity of COVID-19, so that the severity of the infection was higher in the inflammatory group.

The results of the present study show that the risk of COVID-19 is 3.8 times higher in patients with inflammatory connective tissue disorders than in patients with non-inflammatory connective tissue disorders.

Psychiatric comorbidity studies on substance use disorder (SUD) show that it is associated with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). While a large amount of medical literature has explored the association between ADHD and SUDs, less attention has been dedicated their relationships and general psychopathology in dual disorder patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to compare emotion regulation and consumption temptation among SUD patients with ADHD symptoms and those without it.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical study. The sample consisted of 36 people with co-morbid substance abuse with ADHD symptoms and 35 patients with substance abuse disorder who were purposefully selected. Research tools included Structured Clinical Interview (SCID-V), Emotion Regulation Difficulty Scale (DERS), and Beck Temptation Questionnaire (CBQ). Data analysis was performed by SPSS software version 26 using independent t-test and Mann-Whitney U test.

The results showed that the mean scores of temptation was significantly higher in people with comorbid SUD with ADHD symptoms (P<0.001). The results of Mann-Whitney test showed that the mean scores of emotion regulation in people with comorbid SUD with ADHD symptoms were higher (P<0.001).

Considering that the temptation to consume and regulate emotion in people with comorbid substance abuse disorder with ADHD symptoms is much higher than those suffering from SUD alone, it seems that the role of comorbid disorders in the mentioned population is of considerable importance.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men over seventy years. Prevalence of prostate cancer is reported diversely in PIRADS2,3 group in Multi-parametric MRI in previous studies and there is no similar examinations in Iran. The present study was investigated to prevalence of prostate cancer in these patients in Iranians for the first time, retrospectively.

This cross-sectional study was performed in 2019 on 159 patients with suspected prostate cancer in Hazrat Rasoul Hospital. After obtaining informed consent, age and PSA levels, multi-parametric MRI results and MRI/TRUS Fusion Biopsy pathologic results was determined. Data analysis was performed using Statistical tests in SPSS 22 software.

The mean age of the patients was 61.96±8.49 years. The mean prostate volume of these patients was 59.57±31.09 with a range of (178-208). According to MRI results 61.6% had PI-RADS3, and 38.4% had PI-RADS2. There was no significant relationship between age, prostate volume, and PI-RADS (P>0.05). Prostate volume increased significantly with age. According to biopsy results, 23.3% had cancer and 76.7% had benign prostatic hyperplasia. The prevalence of cancer was 19.7% in PI-RADS2, and 25.5% in PI-RADS3.

The prevalence of cancer in patients with PI-RADS2,3 lesions was 23.3%, which comprises a significant portion of patients. Biopsy in PI-RADS2,3 cases, considering the patient's condition, seems to lead to the diagnosis of a significant number of cancer cases.

Ionizing radiation plays an important role in medical diagnosis and treatment. However, it may have adverse effects on human health. Adherence to the principles of protection against ionizing radiation can be effective in reducing these adverse effects. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate different researches related to the effect of occupational radiation from low doses of ionizing radiation in medical staff by using two standard cytogenetic biomarkers.

In this study, a summary of recent studies on medical exposure who are occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation is presented. In the following, the results of these articles and confounding factors are discussed.

The most of studies stated that chronic exposures of low doses of ionizing radiation increases chromosomal aberrations and micronucleus frequency in medical exposure compared to the control group. However, there are some conflicting results that need to be considered. On the other hand, in addition to the cumulative dose and years of employment, other various factors such as age, sex, smoking or even special diets can also affect these injuries.

Due to the use of ionizing radiation in the medical field, the protection of medical exposures is important and serious. Therefore, it seems that continuous biological monitoring along with standard protocols for radiation protection is essential.

Tetralogy of Fallot is the most common type of cyanotic congenital heart disease. The underlying mechanisms that contribute to heart dysfunction in patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot are incompletely understood. In this study, the cardiac function indexes and residual complications after Fallot tetralogy complete surgical repair was evaluated.

In this cross-sectional study, clinical data and information obtained from cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) gathered from 150 consecutive patients with repaired tetralogy of Fallot. Cardiac function indexes and residual complications evaluated in the patients.

Mean age of patients was 22.5±9.6 years. 60 patients (40%) were female and 90 patients (60%) were female. Mean of Left ventricular Ejection Fraction and mean of Right ventricular Ejection Fraction was 54.9±7.5 and 38.6±8.3 percent, respectively. Left ventricular Dilatation in 19 (12.7%) and Right ventricular Dilatation in 141 (94%) patients was observed. RVOT dilatation in 143 (95.3), residual pulmonary stenosis in 39 (26%), ASD (Atrial Septal Defect) in 1 (0.7%), VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect) in 40 (26.7%), PDA (Patent ductus arteriosus) in 11 (7.3%) and Delayed Enhancement of RVOT in 125 (83.3%) patients was positive.

Residual complications following repair of tetralogy of Fallot, especially in the right ventricle, are common and CRM may be a diagnostic instrument for follow-up in patients with congenital heart disease after repairing surgery.