نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال نوزدهم شماره 12 (پیاپی 149، اسفند 1400)

Pressure ulcer is a serious problem in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. It is associated with major complications such as prolonged length of stay and delayed recovery. The aim of this study was to compare the incidence and grade of pressure ulcers in smokers and non-smokers admitted to the intensive care unit.

This study is an analytical cross-sectional study in which 120 patients in two groups (smokers (60) and non-smokers (60)) were selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, information sheet based on the division of the National Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel (NPUAP), and Braden's grading criteria. Data were analyzed by SPSS v.24 software.

The results showed that incidence of pressure ulcers in the smoker group was 46.13 ± 11.01 and in the non-smokers group was 39.2 ± 8.23 and there was a significant difference between the incidence of pressure ulcers in two groups (p≤.0/05). Also, comparing the grade of pressure ulcer, the mean and standard deviation of the smoker group was 23.32 ± 5.92 and the non-smokers group was 14.22 ± 1.21. 11/7% of patients in the smoking group had grades of four pressure ulcers, but in the non-smoking group, none of the patients had grades of four pressure ulcers. The t-test showed a significant difference between the grades of pressure ulcers in two groups (p≤0/05).

The results of this study showed the effect of smoking on increasing incidence and grade of pressure ulcers in patients admitted to the intensive care unit. Therefore, it is necessary for the staff of the intensive care units to pay special attention to risk factors and to identify and monitor the hospitalized patients.

Today, accountability plays an essential role in the success of universities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of spiritual leadership on the identification and accountability of medical and paramedical instructors by mediating organizational ethics among Islamic Azad Universities in West Azerbaijan in 2020.

Using descriptive-correlational research method and a statistical population of 75 people, 63 subjects were selected from Krejcie Morgan table as a sample. For data collection, four standard questionnaires were used: Fry Spiritual Leadership (2005), Ashforth Identity (1992), Hatch Warter Accountability (2005), and Ingrid (2004) Organizational Ethics, which had good validity and reliability. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and in terms of how to collect descriptive and correlational information and specifically based on structural modeling.

The findings of the present study based on the rule of absolute value of t number above 1.96± show a significant relationship between variables. Spiritual leadership had a significant effect on the identification and accountability of medical and paramedical instructors, and the mediating role of organizational ethics in this regard was confirmed.

According to the findings, it can be said that paying attention to spiritual leadership and its nature, organizational ethics can have a positive and constructive effect on identifying and responding to university medical and paramedical instructors.

Female circumcision is considered as one of the health problems of women in some societies, including Iran, and includes all methods that lead to damage or removal of part or all of the female reproductive system based on cultural goals or other non-medical reasons. The aim of this study was to determine the knowledge and attitude of pregnant women referring to the maternity ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Piranshahr city regarding circumcision in 2020.

In the present descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study, 320 pregnant women (160 in the circumcised group and 160 in the uncircumcised group) who were referred to the maternity ward of Imam Khomeini Hospital in Piranshahr city were selected by convenience sampling method. Necessary information was collected through demographic information form, maternal characteristics assessment form (during pregnancy), researcher-made questionnaire of knowledge, and attitude towards circumcision questionnaire. A significance level of 0.05 was coded in SPSS software version 16.

The mean age of circumcised and uncircumcised women was 28.92±6 6.2 and 25.42±4. 4.8 years, respectively. In both groups, most women had a low level of knowledge about circumcision but the knowledge of circumcised women was higher than uncircumcised women and a statistically significant difference existed in terms of knowledge about circumcision (p = 0.006). The results also showed that in both groups, there was a negative attitude towards circumcision but uncircumcised women had a more negative attitude towards circumcision, which is statistically significant (p = 0.001). The linear regression model showed that among the variables, age, education, place of birth, and income were statistically significant in increasing the awareness of pregnant women (p <0.05 for all). Meanwhile, occupation had no effect on predicting knowledge in women (p = 0.483). The linear regression model also showed that among the demographic variables; age, education, and place of birth were effective in predicting attitude in pregnant women under study and this relationship was significant for these variables (p <0.05 for all). Among these, job (p = 0.484) and income (p = 0.537) had no significant effect on women's attitude toward circumcision.

Considering the prevalence of circumcision in Piranshahr city and the low awareness of women and the existence of women whose attitude towards circumcision is still positive; it is expected that in formulating educational and legal strategies at the regional level, significant variables in the present study will be considered by health managers and health policymakers in order to increase and promote women's attitude about circumcision.

Delirium is a fluctuating cognitive disorder that early diagnosis of it, reduces complications and mortality while accelerating treatment and decreasing costs. There is various used for detection and screening delirium; one of which is the CAM-ICU. The present study aimed to compare the effects of multimedia and traditional methods on nurses’ knowledge and performance in applying the CAM-ICU criterion in the patients admitted to intensive care units of Educational-Medical Centers of Khoy University of Medical Sciences.

This study was performed using a clinical trial method with parallel groups. To achieve the research objectives, 80 subjects were selected from Educational-Medical Centers of Khoy University of Medical Sciences using the census method. Then they were randomly divided into two groups of multimedia and traditional methods. They then completed Knowledge Questionnaire and Performance Checklist as pretest and posttest after the intervention in both groups. Data were then coded and analyzed by SPSS software version 22.

The results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between any of the qualitative variables of nurses in the intervention and control groups. Also, in terms of knowledge levels, there was no statistically significant difference between the intervention and control groups before and after the intervention. However, the mean performance score changed from 2.450 to 4.575 and their knowledge changed from 10.17 to 13.10 (P <0.05) in the intervention group after the intervention. Although this increase was seen in both groups, but the increase level in the intervention group was statistically higher than that in the control group (P = 0.001).

Based on the findings of the present study, both multimedia teaching and conventional methods have a positive and significant effect on nurses' knowledge and practice in applying the CAM-ICU criterion to the patients admitted to the intensive care unit; however, in terms of average performance score, the multimedia method is more effective, So the use of multimedia training method can be considered as a solution to meet the urgent needs of education in nursing.

Recognizing the factors affecting the job satisfaction of nursing teachers will not only improve the education of students, but also the level of health services provided in the community. In this regard, the present study aims to investigate the factors affecting the satisfaction of nursing teachers in Islamic Azad University, Kashmar Branch.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 30 nursing teachers, who constituted the entire research community, participated in the study. To evaluate the factors affecting the job satisfaction of faculty members, a questionnaire based on Herzberg’s theory was used. The research data were analyzed using SPSS software in the form of frequency distribution, regression analysis, variance, and Pearson correlation.

The results showed that according to nursing teachers, contextual factors (0.874 ± 0.04) are more important than content factors (0.871± 0.06). The results of Pearson correlation test showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between age and content and contextual factors. The results of analysis of variance also showed a significant difference between the type of cooperation in content factors and gender characteristics and level of education in content and contextual factors.

Based on the findings, in order to increase the job satisfaction of nursing teachers, both content and contextual factors should be considered with the priority of contextual factors. Job security factors, wages, and salaries are more important than other factors.

Due to the increasing number of clients referring to medical centers and new working conditions during the corona outbreak, the issues of organizational justice, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior which ultimately affect employee productivity, have become increasingly important. The aim of this study was to predict the productivity of Esfarayen Medical School staff based on perceived organizational justice, job satisfaction, and organizational citizenship behavior during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The present study is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted in the second half of 2020 on 147 employees of Esfarayen University of Medical Sciences who were selected by cluster-random sampling. For data collection, four questionnaires (Achio Productivity, Niehoff & Morman Organizational Justice, Minnesota Job Satisfaction, and Markozi Citizenship Behavior) were used. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation and regression tests in SPSS 26 software.

High employee productivity and job satisfaction, organizational justice and moderate citizenship behavior were evaluated. The dimensions of performance feedback, type of job, work conscience and interactive justice had the highest mean in the components of productivity, job satisfaction, organizational citizenship behavior and organizational justice, respectively. Job satisfaction has the most predictable employee productivity.

Improving organizational justice, citizenship behavior, and job satisfaction leads to increased productivity.

Knee osteoarthritis is associated with problems such as poor sleep quality. Finding effective, low-complication, and cost-effective measures to improve the sleep quality of these patients seems necessary. The aim of this study was to determine a regular exercise program at home to improve the sleep quality of the elderly with osteoarthritis of the knee.

In this clinical trial study, 72 elderly patients referred to the orthopedic clinic of Allameh Bohlool Gonabadi Hospital in Gonabad were selected by convenience sampling and assigned into the intervention and control groups by block randomization method. The intervention group underwent an exercise program at home for one month after a face-to-face training course. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index was completed by both groups before and 4 weeks after the intervention. In order to observe the ethical points for the control group, at the end of the study, the necessary trainings were given along with the pamphlet. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18 and descriptive and analytical statistical methods.

Before the intervention, all demographic variables were not statistically significant in the experimental and control groups. After the intervention, there was a significant difference between the two groups (total sleep quality score and other sleep quality subscales), except for two subscales of mental sleep quality and sleep disturbances (p <0.05).

The present study showed that doing exercise at home improves the sleep quality of the elderly with osteoarthritis of the knee.

Frequent exposure of nurses to painful and excruciating conditions of patients in different wards can lead to a decrease in their quality of professional life, which in turn can cause to psychological injuries such as a decrease in the quality and outcome of the patient care. In this regard, the present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between personality-occupational types and quality of work life of nurses mediated by social intelligence.

This study is an advanced correlational one was performed by modeling structural relationships, data analysis method, and structural equation on 300 nurses working in 8 private hospitals in Mashhad, Iran, between May and November 2021. The Pesonality Type Questionnaire (Myers-Briggs, 1998), Social Intelligence Scale (Tromso Silvera, Martin, Eusen & Dahl, 2001), and the Quality of Work Life Questionnaire (Qasemzadeh, 2005) were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and PLS statistical software programs and structural equation modeling.

The results of data analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between personality-occupational types and the quality of nurses' working life by mediating social intelligence, and the variable “Structural” type is able to explain 47% of changes in quality of work life through social intelligence which has the most indirect effect on it. The lowest indirect effect is related to intuitive personality type.

According to the obtained results, it is suggested that to improve the quality of work life of the nurses by improving their personality-occupational types and social intelligence.