نشریه پژوهش سلامت
سال هفتم شماره 2 (پیاپی 26، زمستان 1400)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of social skills training on increasing social adjustment in working children in Tehran province.

The present study was a quasi-experimental study and the design used was pre-test and post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all working children aged 8 to 13 years in Tehran province in 1400, of which 30 were tested by available sampling in two groups of 30 and both groups were given short form questionnaires. Compatibility Weinberger and Schwartz (1990) responded in two stages: pre-test and post-test. The results were analyzed using univariate analysis of covariance.

The results showed that the value of F for the difference between the mean scores of social adjustment in experimental and control groups was 58.94 and the significance level of this value with degrees of freedom 1 and 27 was less than 0.05. Therefore, the differences of the mean scores of social adaptation between the experimental and control groups was significant and with 95% confidence, it can be said that social skills have a significant effect on increasing social adaptation.

According to the results, it can be said that social skills training has a significant effect on increasing social adaptation in working children.

Emotional divorce is very common in today's society and leads to negative consequences in the family and society, so the purpose of this study was to investigate the demographic predictions of emotional divorce of couples in Zanjan province.

This research was descriptive-analytical. The study population was all couples in Zanjan province. The sample size based on Free Statistics Calculators Version4 was 423 people. Using random cluster sampling, married people from Zanjan province were randomly selected. The Guttman's emotional divorce and researcher-made demographic questionnaires were randomly assigned to participants. Finally, for the final analysis of the data, 413 descriptive statistics and structural models were performed. In order to study the structural model due to the normality of the data and the acceptability of other prerequisites, as well as the graphical environment and high capability of AMOS software, version 22 of this software package was used.

The results showed that the number of emotional divorces in the range of forty years and above is more than the lower ranges. The rate of emotional divorce was lower among childless and single-parent parents and the highest rate of emotional divorce was high among parents with high children. Higher levels of education were also associated with higher levels of emotional divorce. These results showed that the rate of emotional divorce was higher among married women than married men. About 35% of emotional divorce cases were found in women and about 30% in men.

Emotional divorce is a multi-factor or multi-causal phenomenon, one of which is demographic and demographic issues. One of the demographic factors that were associated with emotional divorce was education, which with the increase in education, the rate of emotional divorce was higher according to descriptive data. On the other hand, emotional divorce was more evident among women with higher numbers of children.

Health organizations such as hospitals have a significant role in the environment and by considering the type of activity and how they affect the environment, we can understand the importance of these centers. Over the decades, the international community has designed and developed various models to prevent the harmful effects of the environment by various organizations. These patterns include various indicators in the health sector. The described indicators include: environmental management, building and environment design, energy and water consumption, air quality and pollutants, waste, preferred environmental purchases and chemical materials. Considering the importance of the indicators and its effects on the performance of the hospital, in this study, which was conducted as a review, a review of the indicators and the reasons for its importance.

Many women today tend to exercise during pregnancy. Given the importance of this period of life, the present study was conducted to investigate the effects of exercise on pregnancy and the recommendations that should be considered. According to studies, despite physiological and anatomical changes in pregnancy, physical activity in improving cardiovascular fitness, preventing overweight, preventing hypertension, controlling gestational diabetes, reducing depressive symptoms and reducing the macrosomic prevalence of the fetus and shortening the active stage of labor it is affect. According to the instructions, in the absence of obstetric complications, 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise 3-4 times a week during pregnancy is recommended. Also, after delivery, the time to start exercising depends on the individual's ability, the type of delivery, and the presence of medical or surgical complications. According to the findings, exercise is beneficial in maintaining the health of the mother and fetus, and pregnant women, like non-pregnant women, can exercise and enjoy its health benefits.

The aim of this study was to identify and rank the factors affecting the acceptance of the hospital information system by network analysis process in the hospital.

The method of this study was descriptive-exploratory. The statistical population included all nurses (500 people) and IT staff (7 people) of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz (Iran) that 217 nurses were selected by simple random sampling and all IT staff (7 people) were selected. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed. Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine its reliability, the values ​​of which were estimated to be 0.793 and 0.819 for the first and second stages. In this study, descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data with the help of software and expert Choice.

Based on the Delphi technique, 4 factors and 15 sub-factors were identified. The results of network analysis process showed that in terms of the importance of technology, human, organizational and environmental factors were ranked first to fourth, respectively.

According to the results of this study, the decision model obtained from identifying and ranking the factors affecting the acceptance of the hospital information system by the network analysis process in Ahvaz Golestan Hospital can be used to improve and upgrade the hospital.

The study of muscle synergy is a new way to evaluate the functioning of the human body's control system. Different mathematical methods are used to extract muscle synergies from electromyographic data, and this factor can cause different outputs in muscle synergies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate muscle synergies using four different synergy extraction methods while running.

In this semi-experimental study, 12 male novice runners participated. Electromyography activity of rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, biceps femoris, semitendinosus, medial gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis anterior were recorded during running on treadmill. In order to extract muscle synergy, the methods of non-negative matrix analysis algorithm, absolute value of principal component analysis, independent component analysis and factor analysis were used. Pearson correlation method was used to measure the similarity of the extracted patterns and ANOVA Repeated Measures were used to compare the relative weight of muscles (P <0.05).

Patterns of muscle synergy using different extraction methods showed low to high similarity. Muscle synergy activation time and synergy peak points were different. The relative weights of internal, external, and twin broad muscles were significantly different (P <0.05). Four muscle synergies were obtained from electromyographic data by inclusion of variance.

According to the results of this study, it was observed that different methods in extracting muscle synergy can have a great impact on the number of synergies extracted, the pattern of synergies and the relative weight of muscles, the time of activation of synergies and peak synergy and thus cause different interpretations in studies.

Pain is one of the most common problems of patients referring to the emergency department, and its effective control is a main issue. The aim of this study was to evaluate the mean pain scores following the administration of various analgesics in patients referred to the emergency department.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on patients referred to the emergency department of Besat Hospital in Sanandaj in 2017. Analgesic drugs were included of acetaminophen, fentanyl, morphine sulfate, ketorolac, and methadone. Patients' pain intensity was assessed by a 10-point scoring system before and after analgesia therapy. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22.0 software using one-way analysis of variance, repeated measures analysis of variance and analysis of covariance.

A total of 388 patients were included in the study, of which 62.4% (242) were male and 37.6% (146) were female. The mean age of the subjects was 37.4 years. Acetaminophen (39.7%, n = 154) was the most common pain reliever and methadone (2.1%, n = 8) was the lowest one. The results of one-way analysis of variance demonstrated that, the mean pain intensity at the beginning and after 15 minutes was significantly different between drugs (P=0.001), but the results of analysis of covariance showed that the relationship between different pain relievers were not different significantly in short-time follow-up.

Based on the results of the present study, the initial pain intensity is an effective factor that could be the main determinant factor. Therefore, interpreting the reduction in pain intensity and the difference in the amount of this reduction based on the type of medication received and without considering the initial pain intensity is not a correct concept. 

The aim of this study was to investigate the causes and mortality rate of neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital from 2015 to 2020.

This study was a retrospective longitudinal study. The statistical population of this study was all neonates admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of Baqiyatallah Hospital in 2015-2020. Data were collected through a review of neonatal records and records using a researcher-made checklist that included demographic information, length of hospital stay, cause of death (asphyxia, sepsis, congenital anomalies, etc.). SPSS software version 25 was used to analyze the results.

The results showed that the NMR rate was equal to 4.4 patients per 1000 live births (total cases admitted to NICU 2689 people) and the highest NMR was related to 2016 (6.9 per 1000 live births). 58.5% of infant deaths were girls. The most common causes of neonatal mortality were respiratory distress syndrome with 41.5%, pneumothorax with 12.3%, sepsis with 4.6% and asphyxia with 4.6%. The most common diagnoses in neonates were pre-Machuriti hospitalization with 58.5%, respiratory distress syndrome with 13.8%, and intrauterine growth restriction with 9.2%. The most common maternal risk factors were multiple births with 18.5% and premature rupture of the bladder with 10.8%.

The infant mortality rate in this hospital is at a desirable level compared to the national, regional and global average. The most common causes of neonatal mortality in this hospital are respiratory distress syndrome, pneumothorax, sepsis and asphyxia, respectively, and similar to others.