نشریه جامعه شناسی فرهنگ و هنر
سال چهارم شماره 2 (تابستان 1401)

This ethnographic research which has been done among the homeless drug users of the Darvazeh Ghar neighborhood in Tehran investigates the desire of some of them to become homeless. Against conventional views that relate the homelessness of drug users to economic and patronage issues, I concentrate on the birth of a new culture which produces negative intellectual and emotional categories about addicts. The violence of culture starts in the family, with the notion that becoming a drug user stigmatizes the family and erases its reputation and face. Then, the addicts have to become homeless, and stigmatized to save their families from stigma. The violence of culture extends to the relatives, public, and state, with the notion that the drug users are worthless people and even threaten society. Therefore, this new violence of culture doesn’t remain on the symbolic level and legitimates total physical violence against addicts, from beating to killing. The birth of this new culture in contemporary Iran discloses the moral economy in which some groups, different and distant from society, are subjected to violence.

In Iran, when we look at girls with hijab, we usually think that they are more or less the same and that chador is their most important characteristic. It's as though wearing a chador conjures up more similarities than differences. But over the last few years ،we are gradually witnessing the emergence of a new generation of hijabers. They're trying to make a fashionable hijab. They use elegant accessories ،make-up ،use branded bags ،shoes and glasses. They believe in matching these things. We saw these "stylish hijabers" as a sign of a new generation emerging and named them "3 In 1 generation". Fourteen of those girls were interviewed in this study. The results of the research show that there is a mandatory chador among the hijabers and not all have chosen the chador at their own discretion. Girls who are compelled to wear chadors resist this imposition in a variety of ways ،for instance ،wearing an open front chador is one of those. Also ،some of the "stylish hijabers" try to correct the society's view of "chadors" by connecting fashion and hijab ،and also by wearing branded clothes and accessories. In the 3 in 1 generation there exists a confrontation between "us" against "the other" but not towards misveiled women (based on the official discourse) but towards veiled women ،considered as tasteless and petrified by this group. This study confirms the role of hijab fashion bloggers along with fashion and lifestyle pages on Instagram in the lives of these girls

This study seeks to investigate the relationship between national language and local language in cultural policies by studying the approach of three institutions of education, culture and Islamic guidance, and broadcasting in Ilam city. The research approach is qualitative and the data collection technique is the in-depth interview. The purpose population consists of the officials of the three institutions of education, culture and Islamic guidance, and broadcasting, as well as experts related to these three areas in Ilam city, who were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection continued until theoretical saturation, which eventually resulted in 16 interviews. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis based on the Walcott model. The findings of this qualitative study led to nine main themes that were classified into three categories: policy-related themes, results-related themes, and solution-related themes. The policy-related themes include the four themes of dominating the security approach in the relationship between national and local language, politicization, individual-centeredness of policy implementation, and centralism of institutions and policies. The results-related themes include the three themes of subordination of the local language to the standard language, the concentration of power in the standard language, and the challenge of the dominance of monolingual education. The solution-related themes include the two themes of the necessity of coherence of ethnic language and national language, and dialect diversity and non-dominance of standard dialect in the Kurdish language. Each of the main themes is explained in the article.

The purpose of this article is to study the challenges and methods of wealth creation in the local music of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. To achieve this goal, using qualitative research and interviews with 12 local music activists in the province, the challenges of local music were identified and strategies for growth and profitability in this area were presented. History of negative attitudes toward music, lack of history of public consumption of art, musical taste, low economic income, lack of sponsors, expensive musical instruments and restrictions on imports of studio equipment, ambiguity in the rules of music, religious sensitivities, unprofessional managers, lack of infrastructure and Budget, the instrumental use of artists for ideological purposes, and copyright infringement are some of the challenges and limitations that local music faces. Supporting music tourism, establishing Internet TV, forming a collective management body, using digital games, using the capacity of ethnic immigrants in major cities of the country, using the capacity of immigrants abroad, attending global festivals, local, national and global marketing, investment In education, media support for cultural entrepreneurship, innovative and digital music distribution, and media broadcasting rights are strategies that can directly and indirectly lead to the growth, promotion, and consequently wealth creation of the local music industry. It is important to consider that most of the solutions are presented according to the new media environment.

The present study analyzes the position of cultural studies in Iran through articles published in the quarterly journal of cultural studies and communication in the period 2013-2017. The theoretical basis of the research was the views of Chris Rojek, who divides this field of knowledge into four periods: national-popular, textualtheatrical, global post-belief, and governance and politics. Qualitative meta-analysis was used and the data collection technique was document review. According to findings, out of 156 papers reviewed, 97 papers are in the field of cultural texts, 25 papers are about the marginalized, 8 articles are about daily life, 7 articles are about the analysis of popular culture, 4 articles are about cultural politics, and 14 articles cover other topics. The content of the articles indicates that cultural studies in Iran does not tend to represent silent voices; does not pay much attention to context and texture; It is abstract and the study population is the middle-class people of Tehran. Meanwhile, Iran has a range of different social groups with experience of multiple forms of inequality both in the field of redistribution policy and in the realm of recognition policy. In this sense, most of these studies seem to be limited to depoliticizing society ،and do not intervene much. But that is not the whole story. Although significant changes have taken place in the last two decades and an important part of our lives is affected by complex economic and political processes, this area of knowledge still seeks textual studies. It does not pay attention to how it changes at the level of the material reality of everyday life. Finally, cultural studies in Iran have not yet been able to follow a particular research program and It has not yet achieved the creation of Iranian cultural studies that is inherent in this thought.

Nowadays, "music" is an influential medium and a culturally consumable commodity. Music creates effective and lasting spiritual and psychological effects due to the auditory attractions and psychological stimulation of people. In recent years, rap music, as a sub-cultural media tool of "hip-hop", has attracted many fans, who move mainly in tension or in conflict with the dominant culture of societies, and in this sense it is also called underground music. This type of music tries to excite and attract the most ordinary people of the society with the most street words. This type of media finds different types in its texts and hypertexts and provides different functions for its listeners. The present article seeks to answer the question that; What are the functions of Persian underground rap music media in the 80s and 90s and with what themes does it promote itself? In order to reach the answer, the qualitative method of theme analysis was used and the lyrics of the famous 4G underground songs (UnderGround) in the last 20 years, which were close to 92 songs and 6574 words, were coded and analyzed. We conclude that the functional themes of these texts are more about awareness, information, unconscious and conscious transmission of culture, social belonging and social solidarity.

Culture in the architecture of any society is the representation of mental ideas that are formed by the expression of objective forms in the process of this architectural transformation. Every building is a part of architectural culture that embodies a mental idea through its appearance. Today, the pleasure of visual space in the field of architecture is an important and significant issue. While empirical and normative criteria have always been used to design the facades of buildings; But the subject of video ecology seeks to obtain visual criteria for greater adaptation of the artificial environment to the mechanisms of human vision with the visual world. This article has tried to reach a specific algorithm based on visual ecology from the perspective of the prevailing culture, considering the characteristics of the structure of the human eye in relation to the facades of buildings and the analysis of vertical visual angles; In addition to other existing aesthetic and normative criteria, this space can be formed in more harmony and pleasure. This research has used descriptive-phenomenological method in inferential and interpretive reading approach and information and data related to the subject, analytical-deductive method has been used in relation to visual angles. Then data alignment is used to achieve the algorithm and finally the research findings are presented as a result and a conceptual model. The results of this research in 4 index buildings showed that as in the Iranian architectural culture, observing the human scale and demographic of the spaces.

The issue of identity in many countries, including Iran, is not a single issue and is affected by various sources of identity, which sometimes conflict and interaction with each other has caused concerns; Hence, one can have an identity according to the phenomena through which man knows himself/herself and introduces herself/himself to others. The purpose of this study is to investigate the situation and analysis of the identity network of adolescents of different ethnicities and to understand its complexities, priorities. The present study was conducted to investigate the ratio of identity dimensions among students in Sanandj, Iran. The sample of the study consisted of 400 male and female students studying in Sanandj. The data were collected through questionnaire. The data analysis has been performed by SPSS software and we have used descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and also path analysis techniques. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between all identity dimensions, namely ethnic identity, national identity, religious identity and global identity. National identity has the highest relationship, followed by religious identity, global identity and ethnic identity has the least relationship. This relationship is indeed positive and direct. 

In the post-revolutionary years, the development of the malls has begun as a distinct trend from Karbaschi municipality period, gained a significant acceleration in Qalibaf period, and reached its peak in the 90s. The acceleration of mall building in Tehran after the revolution has indicated a change in the executive policies of the urban management complex, headed by the Tehran Municipality. Nowadays, the problems resulting from the irregular development of the malls are being revealed in Tehran. The present study compares the real performance of Tehran urban management in mall building and its consequences with the content of urban policy documents and high-level documents of the Islamic Republic of Iran and tries to highlight the inconsistency lines between the two. In this study, a combination of interviews with experts and a documentary study has been used. Content analysis has been used to analyze and summarize the data. The findings are presented in five headings: "The relationship between mall building and urban speculation in Tehran", "The relationship between mall building and the spread of consumerism in Tehran", "Environmental consequences of mall building in Tehran", and "Social consequences of mall building in Tehran" and "Consequences of mall building for architectural patterns and landscape of Tehran city". Results suggest that the policy of unprincipled and overmuch development of the malls in Tehran, in terms of its consequences, have had serious contradictions with the goals and vision of policy documents.

Today, social responsibility is one of the most important elements of the existential philosophy of organizations. Social responsibility means accepting the responsibility of an organization to socially responsible behavior, which is a desirable response to the demands of society and its influential groups.The purpose of this study is to achieve the perception of teachers and administrators of the concept of social responsibility. The present study was conducted in a qualitative and phenomenological manner by purposive sampling and through in-depth interviews with 18 teachers and principals in Sanandaj, of whom at least three years (teaching and management in schools) had passed in the Education Organization.The interview data collection tool was semi-structured. The analysis of the text of the interviews has been done by Dickelman et al. (1989) method. Which includes 47 sub-themes and 7 main themes which include:Responsibility to the organization, responsibility to social issues, responsibility to the various social roles of students, responsibility to parents, responsibility to the group, moral responsibility and individual responsibility. The results of the a present study can be used for education officials and other researchers interested in this field and provide a clear picture of the perceptions of teachers and principals of the concept.