فصلنامه انتظام اجتماعی
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (بهار 1401)

The community-oriented approach of the police seeks to create a role for all members of society, government agencies and non-governmental organizations in social prevention, which is part of disciplinary prevention. In this direction, the use of organizational knowledge in the context of organizational culture in line with this approach, is a necessary thing and guarantees movement in the mentioned path. The purpose of this study is to identify the impact of organizational knowledge on social crime prevention through organizational culture.

This research is descriptive in terms of practical purpose and descriptive and correlational in terms of data collection, which has been done by structural equation modeling and factor analysis with LISREL software version 8.8. The research tool is a questionnaire and the statistical population of the present study is 380 employees of Bushehr police command, of which 217 are statistical sample.

The findings showed that organizational knowledge is not directly related to social prevention of crime, but organizational knowledge is directly related to the mediating variable of organizational culture with a correlation coefficient of 0.51. Also, organizational culture has a direct relationship with social prevention with a correlation coefficient of 0.42. By conducting path analysis, it was found that the variable of organizational knowledge is indirectly related to social prevention of crime by 0.21.

Strengthening the components and indicators of organizational knowledge and culture of employees can help social crime prevention as a positive approach.

Ethnic cities The "city of nations" faces challenges such as the dominance of ethnic and tribal culture, relying on ethnic customs instead of legalism. This study was conducted with the aim of identifying, reviewing and analyzing the social security situation of Ramhormoz city and tried to identify the obstacles and problems of promoting social security and then to typify the areas with social tension and insecurity. This research has been done with a practical approach and using a descriptive-analytical method. In collecting information and data, a field method based on a questionnaire (324 citizens, 50 prisoners, 40 managers and city officials) and an interview have been used. To explain the factors affecting social security, exploratory factor analysis, regression and univariate T methods have been used with the help of Arc GIS, SPSS and Excel software. The most important factors identified in the social security of Ramhormoz city are: culture of ethnicity (24), social capital (4.7), legal security and civil rights (4.9), services and public security (3.5), conflict Ethnicity (3.4), Economy and Employment (4.5). Based on the identified variables, the typology of neighborhoods shows that there are six insecure and socially tense neighborhoods in the city of Ramhormoz. Utilizing existing potentials and reducing barriers in social fields, especially strengthening social capital, specialization and reducing the influence and influence of certain ethnic groups in the city (preventing the management dominance of a particular ethnic group), social participation, development and expansion of values ​​and norms instead Custom, the development of social justice in order to counter the marginalization of some ethnic groups can improve social security in the city and be a good model for cities with ethnic diversity.

One of the types of leadership styles that can have an important effect on the job performance of people and consequently increase their services is the patriarchal leadership style, and the purpose of this research is to design and explain the structural equation model of the patriarchal leadership style on the psychological capital and job behaviors of employees in The police command of Ardabil province is with the approach of increasing extra-role services.

In terms of practical purpose, in terms of method, descriptive-correlation and data collection method, the present research is using a questionnaire, for this purpose, a sample of 255 people from the police command of Ardabil province was selected from the population of 536 people using stratified random sampling method. Data has been analyzed through SPSS software and structural equation method in Lisrel software. For the patriarchal leadership variable from the questionnaire of Cheng, Chou and Farh (2011), the psychological capital variable from the questionnaire of Chan and Engai (2015), the work participation variable from the Willmar and Scafli questionnaire (2006) and for the extra-role service variable from the Betencoart and Brun questionnaire (1997) ) used. Cronbach's alpha, composite reliability, average variance, shared reliability, and Fornell and Larcker's method were also used to measure the validity and reliability of the questionnaires.

The findings of the research showed that the path coefficients and T-statistic values related to one of the paths of the research variables are in the desired range and also based on the fit indices used (CFI, NNFI, NFI, AGFI, GFI and RMSEA), the presented model has a good fit. collision RMSEA index value or root mean square of estimation errors; 0.078 was obtained, which shows that the goodness of fit of the analytical model is favorable and suitable for explaining covariance.

The results of the research showed that according to the model and the fit indicators and the significant relationship between the variables, the use of patriarchal leadership style in the police command of Ardabil province increases the psychological capital on the one hand and the job participation of the employees on the other hand, which ultimately increases Extra-role services are followed by personnel.

Women are involved in the Premeditated murder of individuals by providing grounds and information, which , in addition to creating disorder and insecurity , has detrimental effects on families.

The present study, by adopting a qualitative approach and using the technique of observation and in-depth Interviews, has analyzed and examined the narration of 8 women who were in the penitentiary of Rey city for the purpose of assisting in the premeditated murder of individuals in 1397. In order to abtain the personal detiails of the prisoners, their personal files have been used.

The findings of the study indicate that womens economic problems and hardships, poor family life, migration and marginalization, Socializing with delinquent friends, drug and alcohol use, Corruption and illicit relationships are the most important causes of murder.

In their narrations, women point out that a set of factors led to their complicity in premeditated murder , the most important of which was economic needs. The model presented in this research, which is based on womens narrative, can provide solutions to reduce womens economic problems and support them.

Homeless people are one of the most vulnerable and despised urban groups with complex problems. This study investigates the consequences of homelessness in Tehran and in its various dimensions.

The present study was conducted using a qualitative method and the participation of homeless men and key informants. The sampling method is purposeful sampling. Data collection tools are observation techniques and in-depth semi-structured interviews with thematic analysis method.

In the process of analyzing and thematizing the findings, at the individual level, the themes of mental disorders, trauma, death, the formation of negative emotions and feelings, addiction and internalization of homeless culture, at the community level, themes of violence and conflict, drug dealing, theft. Joining criminal groups, gambling, the spread of high-risk diseases at the community level, social exclusion and imprisonment and its consequences, at the neighborhood level, themes of insecurity in urban areas, dissatisfaction among residents. Feelings of social inferiority, neighborhood inferiority, the collapse of Shiraz and neighbor hood identity, and relocation to other neighborhoods and in the family area were weakened and the collapse of the individual-family communication network was extracted.

The results show that the mechanisms governing this issue are such that not only negatively affect the life of the homeless in various dimensions, but also damage at different levels of production. In such a way that we can name the entanglement of social harms related to homelessness in Tehran.

 Many of the norm-breaking behaviors that occur in teenagers are rooted in their false beliefs and criminal thinking; therefore, by examining the factors affecting criminal thinking, we can try to reduce these behaviors. The aim of the present study was to find the mediating role of social intelligence in the relationship between value system and criminal thinking.

 In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of method, it is considered as a descriptive and correlational study and structural equations modeling. The statistical population included all high school boys and girls of the second grade of families covered by support institutions (Relief and Welfare Committee) who were studying in Qala Ganj city in the academic year of 1997-1998. Among these, 319 individuals were selected to participate in the research through convenient sampling. The data were collected using criminal thinking questionnaires, Tromsø social intelligence and Schwartz's value system and were analyzed using the structural equation analysis method with the help of AMOS and SPSS software version 24.

 The research findings showed that the value system had a positive effect on the social intelligence (p<0.001, β=0.48) of the research participants. Both social intelligence (p < 0.001, β = -0.69) and value system (p < 0.001, β = -0.47) had a negative effect on criminal thinking. Also, the fit indices showed that the default model has a good fit and social intelligence plays a mediating role in the relationship between value system and criminal thinking.

 Based on the findings, it can be concluded that social intelligence, along with the value system, is an effective factor in reducing criminal thinking. Therefore, by strengthening the value system and social intelligence of teenagers by using cultural and educational programs organized by support institutions, it is possible to prevent the emergence of criminal thinking and, as a result, the tendency to delinquent behavior in them.

 Prevention of crime is one of the important and ponderable issues that has always been considered by intellectuals in the last few decades and many researches have been done about it. The purpose of this research is to obtain the important and valuable points of crime prevention in the thoughts of the Supreme Leader.

 This research was conducted using a descriptive-explanatory qualitative method with the tool of content analysis and by referring to all the statements of the Supreme Leader including his speeches from 1990 to 2022. Also, "MAXQDA" software was used for data analysis.

 The findings of the research show that according to the Supreme Leader's point of view, the issue of crime prevention, in addition to being one of the important missions of the judiciary, is a supra-judicial issue that requires the interaction of all organizations. In total, for the requirements of crime prevention, sixteen indicators, including the scientific nature of crime prevention, finding the root causes of crime, science and experience, empathy, recognizing solutions, monitoring, etc., and for its importance and necessity, seven indicators including crime reduction and its costs, increasing security and good administration of the country, etc., were identified.

 The results of the research indicate the importance and special attention of the Supreme Leader to the damage caused by the occurrence of crime in the country, and most of them consider the problem of crime prevention with a scientific, interactive, opportunity-oriented and supervisory quality. By implementing his ideas in this regard, the organizations in charge of crime prevention will be able to plan more appropriately in this field.

 Preventing the occurrence and formation of illegal gatherings will lead to the reduction of social, economic and even political costs. The aim of the current research was to find an efficient model in preventing the formation and control of illegal gatherings based on the local knowledge of experts.

 In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research type and in terms of its nature, it is considered as an exploratory research that is conducted using descriptive-analytical method with Delphi technique in two rounds and a consensus was reached among the research experts. The statistical population included police experts in Tehran, and the sample was 15 individuals who were selected using a targeted sampling method. The research tools included interviews and researcher-made questionnaires based on experts' opinions. The reliability of the interviews was confirmed using Guba and Lincoln criteria and the validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the face and content methods. The interview was analyzed using the theme analysis method, and the questionnaire was analyzed using mean calculation with SPSS software.

 The findings of the research showed that in order to prevent the formation of illegal gatherings and control them, a law enforcement model can be conceptualized in two dimensions of illegal union-labor and political-security gatherings. In the dimension of illegal union-labor gatherings, the components of the four principles of hierarchy (responsibility, guidance, support and action), and directing the protesters to the relevant apparatus and predicting a suitable place for the protesters were identified. In the dimension of illegal political-security gatherings, the components of "psychological and enlightenment operations, virtual space operations, intelligence operations and law enforcement operations" were identified.

 The results of the research indicate that in order to prevent and control illegal gatherings before the gathering turns into a disturbance and is forced to face additional costs, based on the developed model, measures such as accountability, guidance, support and law enforcement operations, psychological operations and enlightenment, virtual and intelligence space are necessary.