نشریه سیاست نامه علم و فناوری
سال دوازدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 39، تابستان 1401)

The importance of non-oil exports and its role in country’s economic growth has been considered as one of the most important economic issues by researchers. Considering the development of Iran’s handmade carpet export as the biggest non-oil export, can help the country to achieve a reasonable export economy. In this research, Iran's carpet export has been analyzed, in different levels, using dynamic modeling in Vensim Software at the form of system dynamics analysis. The proposed model described the phenomenon of handmade carpet export and using simulation process, its behavior has been predicted in next 10 years. Then, after structural and behavioral validation of model, using different strategies in simulated environment, policies and strategies to develop Iran's carpet exports has been provided, that these solutions include the development of effective e-commerce process, creating a centralized network monitoring on cooperative companies and carpet workshops, Facility assignment and the development of training programs to enhance the skills of designers, weavers and traders.

The purpose of this study is to identify the factors affecting external financing of innovation in small and medium enterprises by in-depth study of the research background and provide a model for it. An in-depth study of 257 articles, books and dissertations from reputable internal and external sources, meta-synthesis method and MAXQDA 10.0 qualitative analysis software were used, and the results showed that external and internal factors affect the external financing of innovation of small and medium enterprises. In the category of intra-organizational factors, technical and structural factors, human and political, and in the category of extra-organizational factors, legal, political and infrastructural factors affect the external financing of innovation of small and medium enterprises. Finally, a model of the factors affecting the external financing of innovation was presented. The current results could be a beacon for small and medium sized companies in external financing of innovation.

Today, small and medium enterprises are recognized as one of the areas that have a high potential for national and regional development and Help improve local technology and develop local entrepreneurs. Open innovation has become widely regarded as a key issue in business and academia. There is a need to use open innovation to increase the competitiveness of companies indoestic and foreign markets. Traditional small and medium sized enterprises, as one of these sector, must also be able to respond to these increasing changes . The purpose of this study is to identify the challenges of open innovation in traditional small and medium-sized businesses. This research is qualitative in terms of type (multiple case study), fundamental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology. Therefore, semi-structured interviews have been conducted with 21 members of the staff of 7 traditional small and medium companies that have a history of participating in pre-competition partnerships with industry and academia. The results showed that lack of planning for project partners, inappropriate innovation strategy, unknown partners, inconsistency of goals, lack of social trust, time pressure, lack of financial resources, Inadequate information and control systems, redefining goals, ignoring partners' efforts, bureaucracy and administrative work, lack of inappropriate policies in order to accept advanced innovation and failure to achieve the desired goals were identified as key challenges of this study.

One of the most important and effective contexts for advancing development goals in rural areas is recognizing the living conditions of households, their access to various livelihoods, and geographical factors affecting livelihoods; With this view and to evaluate the role of various livelihood assets in the sustainability of a rural area, the present study has investigated the role of livelihood capital in rural settlements in Takab area. This research is based on the mixed research method of exploratory mixed research design. According to the study, capital in the form of 3 main sections of environmental capital (mines, tourism capacity, crops, and horticultural products, livestock products (dairy), pastures, beekeeping products), human capital (level of education, desire of families to study Children and carpet weaving) and social capital (public participation and empathy, social security, ethnic diversity, and peaceful living) were categorized. The results of the research show that the study area has favorable conditions in terms of environmental, human, and social capital, and the main issue in this regard is how to use these resources. Mines as an environmental asset have not only not contributed much to the livelihood of the villagers, but have also destroyed the surrounding environment, changed land use, and destroyed infrastructure (roads). According to the findings, the reason for such consequences is mostly due to the non-participation of people in the use of environmental potential. Physical and financial capital did not have suitable conditions in the study area, the main reason for which is the distance of Takab from large and medium cities in the region, as well as the special geographical and mountainous conditions of the region.Keywords: Sustainable Livelihood, livelihood capital, rural settlements, Takab County.

The entrepreneurial ecosystem, including actors and related factors, creates productive entrepreneurship in a specific territory. Among these actors, universities can play an important role in the knowledge-based economy; therefore, they could be a factor in the dynamism of the regional economy. The purpose of this descriptive survey was to investigate the effective academic factors in making a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. To this end, 306 faculty members were randomly selected from Islamic Azad Universities in Isfahan province. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Its face validity was confirmed by the research supervisor, and two experts. Applying Cronbach's alpha, the reliability was found to be 0.812. In order to test the research hypotheses, data analysis in LISREL software environment was performed by applying structural equation model tests, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and one-sample t-test. The findings of confirmatory factor analysis showed that the identified main factors and components were cultural factors including promoting entrepreneurial culture, entrepreneurship education, skill training; underlying factors including human capital, knowledge production, knowledge transfer, knowledge commercialization; and structural factors including networking, growth centers and technology transfer offices, and spin-offs, which were considered as effective variables in creating a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. Using One Sample T-Test, the individuals' views on the impact of factors in making a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem were examined. In total, effective academic factors had a significant effect on creating a regional entrepreneurial ecosystem. Finally, based on the results of this study suggestions and recommendations for further research have been proposed.

At this stage in history when the world is getting smaller every day due to globalization, it is important to achieve an acceptable degree of trust and confidence in every field; And blockchain may be the link that puts the world on this path. Since there is no central authority governing the blockchain mechanism; The decentralized nature of the blockchain can make it a viable platform for project management. Blockchain implementation eliminates any bureaucratic project management and allows a single, unalterable, controllable, and encrypted single source to be jointly accessible and extensible throughout the project life cycle. This approach is the key to achieving an integrated information system and one of the important reasons why blockchain can be used as an ideal platform for project management and construction. What capabilities blockchain technology has for use in project management has not yet been seriously studied, and changing the management of construction projects through blockchain is now only a hypothesis. In this research, its aim to identify the capacity and contexts of blockchain technology development in project management and construction by using a Scoping review and systematic literature review, and providing a Pattern coding, and make suggestions related to the areas of development and improvement. This technology should be presented in this field.The results showed that in all areas of project management and construction, there are applications related to blockchain technology, which confirms the gradual understanding of the importance and positive effect of this technology on improving the performance of project management and construction. According to the results of the main contributions of blockchain studies were focused on "project and programm management", and two fields of human resources and behavioral and research areas in project management and schools of thought with a share of less than 2% of existing studies were neglected.