Research in Health and Medical Sciences
Volume:1 Issue: 2, Jun 2022

Procrastination is one of the important issues in the field of planning, education, and academic achievement. Another issue is emotional cognitive regulation, which plays a key role in normal and abnormal educational processes. Psychotherapy techniques can be effective in reducing these disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on academic procrastination and students' emotional cognitive regulation.It was a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The statistical population included 40 first-grade high school students in Mashhad who were selected by available sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups. In the experimental group, compassion-focused treatment was performed in 10 sessions of 90 minutes. The Garnefsky Cognitive Emotional Regulation Questionnaire and the Procrastination-Student Assessment Scale (PASS) were used. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS 21 software.There was a significant difference between the mean scores of procrastination and emotional regulation variables in the experimental and control groups (p <0.05). The effect of this treatment on reducing procrastination was 82% and the increasing emotional regulation score was 51%.Compassion-focused therapy can reduce procrastination and increase students' cognitive regulation. Therefore, it is suggested that this intervention be used in educational planning.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with diverse clinical manifestation arising from an abnormal immune response to self-antigens. The exact etiology of SLE is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors are likely to be important in the etiology and pathogenesis. Conventional therapy for patients with SLE include corticosteroids, hydroxychloroquine, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Complications associated with conventional therapy in patients with SLE as well as resistance and tolerance to conventional therapy have led to a shift to new methods of therapy. Major characteristics of stem cells such as the ability to undergo long-term self-renewal and their capacity for pluridifferentiation has introduced them as therapeutic candidates. Clinical trials using stem cells for the treatment of SLE have increased progressively over the last ten years, and the efficacy and therapeutic effects of this therapy method have been evaluated in several studies. This article aimed to review the immunological and clinical effects of stem cells from different sources such as hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in the treatment of patients with SLE published in ISI Web of Science and PubMed databases from 2000 to 2020. The relevant data regarding animal models of SLE is also reviewed. HSCs and MCSs are the most common source of stem cells employed for the treatment of SLE. Stem cell therapy might influence immune response in patients with SLE leading to decrease in autoantibodies and ameliorate disease activity and renal injury. Regardless of controversies in the results of studies that may be due to patient selection criteria, source of stem cells and dose of intervention, it seems that stem cell therapy in SLE has immunomodulatory effects which exhibit clinical remission and improve quality of life.

Sexual dysfunction is one of the problems that many people face it throughout their life. Counselling with appropriate content for patients can be reduce their sexual problems and improve their quality of life. Therefore, this study was performed to find a comprehensive conclusion about the effect of sexual counselling based on PLISSIT model on sexual dysfunction. To this aim, we searched the Web of Knowledge, PubMed, Cochran, Scopus, google scholar and Persian databases (SID, Magiran, Irandoc and Iranmedex) by the MeSH and non-MeSH terms in title, abstract, or keywords until August 2021. The search strategy was (“Sex Counselling” OR “Counselling, Sex”) AND PLISSIT OR EX-PLISSIT AND (“Sexual Dysfunction” OR “Sexual Disorder” OR “Sex Disorder”) with no limitation in time. All available controlled trials, conducted on individuals with sexual dysfunction, who received counselling based on PLISSIT or EX-PLISSIT Model, were included. The quality of included trials was assessed using the Oxford Center for Evidence Based Medicine checklist. Statistical analyses were done by Comprehensive Meta-analysis Version2. Out of 204 relevant publication trials, 23 trials (2001 female, 19 male) were included in this study. Nine studies had sufficient data for meta-analysis. The meta-analysis showed a significant improve in sexual function (SMD: 1.535; 95% CI: 1.175 to 1.896; P≤0.001) following Counselling Based on PLISSIT Model. Although all studies have shown the positive effect of counselling based on PLISSIT model on sexual function, we recommend conducting more studies in different countries with different sexual cultures in order to clarify the issue as much as possible.

Brucellosis is a kind of zoonosis and an important health problem in some areas. This disease especially can affect skeletal, neurological and genitourinary systems. Spleen abscesses are one of its serious but uncommon complications. A 48-year-old male with severe abdominal pain, fever and sweating visited the hospital. After examinations, the serological Wright test and Coombs serology test were obtained and their results were both negative but the blood culture test revealed he is infected with brucellosis. After 2 days with antibiotic therapy, the serological Wright test and Coombs serology test were performed again and resulted in positive. So when a patient is diagnosed with splenic abscesses and infectious symptoms but serology tests are negative with brucellosis, we cannot decline this disease and further tests should perform.

Nursing and midwifery students' perceptions and attitudes regarding Information and Communication Technology (ICT) play an important role in their educational activities. However, little information is available about the situation in Iran. This study aimed at determining the attitude of Iranian nursing and midwifery students towards ICT.A cross-sectional study was conducted among 180 Iranian nursing and midwifery students between October and December 2021 using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a personal information form and a standard questionnaire to assess the attitudes of nursing and midwifery students regarding ICT. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16.The great majority of participants (96.6%) had a positive attitude towards Information and Communication Technology. Subscale analysis showed that the highest and the lowest scores were related to Care Value of ICT, and Workload value of ICT, respectively. Students with higher average (GPA) had a more positive attitude towards "Care Value of ICT" (p <0.001) and "Training of ICT skills" (p = 0.007). Significant correlations were found between "Care Value of ICT" and "Training of ICT skills" (rs = 0.699, p < 0.001).Although students' attitudes toward ICT were positive, the subscales “ICT confidence" and "Workload value of ICT" scored low. Educators should improve training in ICT skills in order to strengthen students' attitudes toward technology and increase self-confidence and productivity related to ICT use in learning and clinical practice.

Sedentary lifestyle in postmenopausal women decreases their health and quality of life. This study aimed to determine the effect of theoretical education on leisure-time physical activity in postmenopausal women.In a quasi-experimental study, 200 women referring to health centers through a multi-stage sampling method and inclusion criteria were allocated to control and experimental groups. The data collecting tools were a standardized researcher-made questionnaire containing demographic and specific questions relating to the trans-theoretical model and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. After the need assessment, the educational program including content, media, and educational method was designed. The subjects in the experimental group participated in three training and three group walking sessions. The educational program continued for four months. After three months, the data in both groups were recollected and analyzed, using the descriptive statistics (Mean, Percentage) and analytic tests (Independent sample t-test, Spearman correlation coefficient test, and linear regression test). P-value was set at ≤ 0.05.After the intervention, the percentage of people in the Pre-contemplation in the intervention group decreased significantly (80% to 17%). On the other hand, in the control group, there was not any meaningful decrease (89% to 79%). Also, the mean score of the leisure time in the intervention group, in comparison with the control group, increase significantly from 226.8 ± 579.9 to 903.6 ± 99.5, (P<0.05).The results showed that the Trans-Theoretical Model is a suitable framework for promoting physical activities in postmenopausal women.

Soil and plant contamination by heavy metals have been studied and evaluated extensively in various countries of the world. These metals are first absorbed in the soil and then enter the plant, animal, and human bodies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Mn) in soil and irrigated vegetables by urban wastewater: Khash, Sistan and Baluchestan. The edible vegetables like garden cress (Lepidiumsativum) and parsley (Petroselinum crispum) and also soil for their plantation in villages around Khash city were sampled and examined a totally of 36 vegetable samples and 36 soil samples. The vegetable samples were dried in an oven at 105°C after transferring to the laboratory. Amount of heavy metal was read through two techniques of calibration and standard increase by flame atomic absorption device after acid digestion using standard solutions. The mean concentration of lead, cadmium, manganese, and copper were obtained at 0.4654, 0.3715, 2.992, and 0.2590 in garden cress and 0.4333, 0.3123, 3.075, and 0.2655 (mg/kg of dry weight) in parsley, respectively. In addition, the mean concentration of lead, cadmium, manganese, and copper in garden cress soil were obtained at 0.4303, 0.5527, 15.78, and 0.6235 (mg/kg of dry weight), respectively and in parsley, the soil was obtained 0.3951, 0.5321, 11.000 and 0.55, respectively.According to the findings of this study, heavy metals amounts (Cu, Cd, Pb, Mn) in the irrigated vegetable tissues by wastewater were higher than the standard level in this region.

Embryo donation is an assisted reproductive technology and one of the most effective ways for treating infertile couples who are not able to have children by themselves at all. Although the approval of the law on embryo donation has partially resolved the issue of transferring the embryo to the infertile couples and has revolutionized the laws in Iran, has some drawbacks. This study aims to review the way of donating embryos to infertile couples in Iran. This is a narrative review study. Search for documents related to the research topic were carried out with no time limit and with the use of keywords including infertility, assisted reproductive technologies, donation, donor, recipient, embryo donation, rule, law, embryo donation law, and Iran, singly or in combination at the databases of PubMed, Scopus, Magiran, SID, Google Scholar and department of health and medical education's website, Islamic consultative assembly research center, comprehensive system of constitutional council's comments, legal and parliamentary affairs deputy of the judiciary and medical ethics and law research center. The embryo donation to infertile couples Act and its regulations were legislated by jurisprudence opinions and Islamic community conditions. Indeed, donors don’t donate the formed embryo, but they agree with giving gamete and reposing it to authorized infertility treatment centers, and the embryo formed is donated to the couples with a special condition. Although the embryo donation Act has some flaws that some actions should be taken to eliminate and correct, it should be acknowledged that approval of this Act and its regulations are one of the biggest measures taken in recent years in Iran. Moreover, given the legal, religious, and cultural contexts in Iran and because this kind of donation has the least legal problems, it has been able to solve many infertile couples' problems.