فصلنامه آمایش محیط
پیاپی 57 (تابستان 1401)

As communities evolve and cities expand, urban planning methods are no longer responsive to the needs and problems of cities and the need to develop them is growing. This research is analytical and has been done using descriptive, comparative methods. Library studies, the Delphi method, observation tools, field studies, and questionnaires were used for data collection. The evaluations showed that the process of urban planning development in the city of Urmia follows the country planning and in terms of diversity and hierarchy of plans, the plans have been prepared at all levels of planning. Although most of the plans follow their upstream, this adherence has shortcomings in some cases. On the other hand, evaluations showed that although urban planning has evolved over the past several decades in the preparation of various programs due to inadequate focus on the needs, issues, and problems of the city, these programs have not been sufficiently effective.

Homelessness is a pattern of habitance which does not follow the essential standards of housing. This type of habitance forms based on numerous factors; such as personal and structural factors. The aim of this research is identification of structural factors effective on homelessness formation in Tehran metropolitan area. The methodology of this research is practical, based upon the aim and descriptive-analytical, based upon the method and nature. Considering the aims of the research, at first, the factors affecting homelessness formation were extracted out of previous studies and with emphasize on right to city approach (which is the main approach of this research) and categorized into three political, economic, and social groups and into 15 criteria. These factors were written as a questionnaire and were asked from 20 experts (university faculties) to fill it. Through Fuzzy SWARA, which is one of the new methods of MCDM, and then Fuzzy ARAS, each of these factors and criteria were weighted and prioritized, respectively. The results obtained from the Fuzzy ARAS method showed that political and economic factors are the most important factors in homelessness formation by 0.4089 and 0.3909 weights, respectively. Among 15 criteria, the land and housing allocation policies (political factor), commodity land and housing under allocation approach (economic factor) and new urban policies (political factor) and demographic composition (social factor) were the most important criteria effective on homelessness formation in Tehran metropolitan area

In recent years, the connection between the university and the city has increasingly become a pervasive issue. Among the effective domains of the university is its role in improving the cultural quality of the historical context of cities. For this purpose, in this research, the role of the university in the cultural re-creation of the historical fabric of the Tehran metropolis has been investigated. The purpose of this research is to identify the performance criteria of universities in the cultural reproduction of the historical context. The research method is applied and descriptive-analytical. The research scope of the historical fabric of Tehran corresponds to the 12th district of Tehran Municipality. The statistical population of the research is specialists and faculty of urban planning, urban planning, and architecture. The sample of the study included 35 people and this number was chosen based on the opinion saturation of the elites. The method of data collection was an observation, semi-structured interview, and questionnaire. The method of data analysis was using the T-Test and structural equation method. The findings showed that universities can play an effective role in cultural regeneration with various examples. In this regard, the coefficient of the path between the performance variable of universities in cultural regeneration is 0.971, which indicates the fact that the mechanisms governing the internal structure of universities in the cultural field can be implemented as manifestations of cultural regeneration in the old context. Also, the structure of the effect of national and local policies on the performance of universities shows that these policies, especially in the national field, with a coefficient of 0.978 have a positive effect on the performance of universities. Therefore, it can be concluded that national policies have influenced the performance of universities and this performance can show its manifestations in cultural regeneration.

Today, ignoring the principles and components of security in the design of residential complexes has led to a decrease in place attachment. The purpose of the current research is to improve the level of place attachment in the residential complexes of Maragheh through the physical components of security. The results of the research show that the condition of the physical components of security and place attachment in the residential complexes of Maragheh has been evaluated from the perspective of the residents as favorable and in an average-to-high condition. Also, there is a linear relationship between the components of security, except for the components of the quality of the living environment and proximity to uses, and place attachment. In terms of effectiveness, territorialization and monitoring components have the greatest impact on place attachment.

The city, as the highest manifestation of civilization, plays an essential role in creating a good life for the citizens. Today, to solve the problems of urban dwellers and improve their life quality, the concept of quality of life has been given more attention by urban planners. Considering the importance of the subject, three selected research indicators (physical-economic, service-biological, and social-cultural) and 36 variables in four urban areas of Omidiye have been analyzed from the perspective of quality of life. The type of research is applied and based on the research method, it is a survey with an emphasis on questionnaires. The statistical population of the study involves citizens living in the city of Omidiyeh and calculating the sample size was done using Cochran's formula based on which 380 people were selected. To check the normality of the data distribution, the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test was used, and the Sign Test was used to check the status of the research variables. Also, variable weighting was done using Shannon's entropy model and ranking of urban areas was performed using the CODAS technique. The general results of the Sign test show that the two city districts of Omidiyeh with an average of 3.59 had a better situation in quality of life indicators compared with the other three districts. Also, the results of the CODAS technique show that the second region with the value of 0.528 in Hi (values ​​of the criteria of the options), the first region with 0.456, the third region with a value of 0.016, and the fourth region with -1 rank first to fourth respectively. The second to fourth ranks have been used as the research indicators and variables of quality of life.

The growing trend of urban development and the fundamental changes in the body structure of cities have made it imperative to pay attention to the quality of urban spaces. The low level of quality of space, which is considered an unprotected space, is strongly influenced by the security of citizens and especially vulnerable groups such as women. In this regard, this study emphasizes the role of unprotected spaces in Jiroft, to assess the extent of its relationship and its impact on women's security. The necessary data were collected using a questionnaire. Using the independent t-test, Kendal's correlation and regression, first, the quality of urban spaces and then its relationship and its impact on women's safety were determined. The results of the study, which were extracted from a sample of 383 people, show that nine quality indicators of space with a score of 2.7 are lower than the average of 3, which indicates the development of defenseless spaces in the city of Jiroft. Also, the relationship between unprotected spaces and women's security can be confirmed with a coefficient of 0.577 and an error level of 0.000. Finally, using the regression test, the effect of women's security on these spaces with a correlation coefficient of 0.655 and an impact level of 41% indicates the effect of independent variables on dependent variables. It can be stated that due to the dissatisfaction of women with the quality of urban spaces and the positive relationship between these spaces and the level of security, it is necessary to review urban design, especially in marginal areas.

Following the many urban and geographical problems of Tehran, the issue of transferring the capital as a solution has been the focus of attention in academic circles and government institutions, and, in the meantime, one of the discussions was to find a suitable place to move the capital and to measure the components needed for this new place. The purpose of this study is to assess the feasibility of changing capital by emphasizing the approach of spatial analysis and the optimal system of urban planning. For this purpose, the study of prime urban indicators, urban hierarchy, and finally the study of the impact of physical-functional, economic, and socio-cultural components on urban spatial organization was used. The results of this study show that spatial planning of geographical and urban space with an emphasis on the components of spatial analysis and also the characteristics of the optimal urban planning system is the most important and most challenging one. Parts of the capital transfer plan will go to you in the future. According to the objectives of the research and the results obtained, four scenarios were proposed for the capital transfer plan.

One of the new concepts in urban planning is regeneration using the urban catalyst approach and it is used as a tool to regenerate the existing urban fabrics. Urban regeneration and catalyst project drives have different dimensions from the physical ones on which this study has focused. After reviewing the characteristics of urban catalyst projects, the physical indices were identified. Then, the physical changes in the residential environment of the Limjir neighborhood located in the 11th district of Isfahan before and after the construction of Limjir street as a catalyst project during the years 2009 to 2016, were evaluated and analyzed using a variety of methods, library, and field measurement methods. Then, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process model (AHP) weighting, scoring, and calculation of the integration index in two conditions before and after implementation of the catalyst project is addressed. A comparison of index values in two periods 2009 and 2016 shows that the construction of Limjir Street causes the development and improvement of the physical status of the Limjir neighborhood. Also, the calculation and comparison of the integration index show that the physical condition of the Limjir neighborhood has improved by 0.308 in comparison to the situation before the construction of the catalyst project in 1388. Factors such as improving access to Limjir street, investment in the housing sector and extensive construction, increased service, and mixing of land uses have had the highest share in creating positive changes in the Limjir neighborhood.

The results of the present study showed that according to the selective separation analysis index in 1360, the physical-spatial structure of Abadan was of the type of concentration with relative selective separation. The results of the t-test indicate that there is a significant difference between the areas related to the oil industry and other urban areas of Abadan in terms of the texture index. As the results derived from Moran's model showed, by creating more services, the oil industry was able to provide the basis for many dense constructions in its dependent localities compared to other localities and the basis for creating a kind of intense physical concentration and a concentrated and cluster growth pattern. But in 1390, many neighborhoods with a percentage of dense tissue appeared in the structure of the city, causing very dense neighborhoods to be scattered in terms of urban texture in Abadan, and the pattern of physical growth changed from concentrated and clustered in 1360 to a pattern of less concentration (scattered) and randomly change 1390. Also, the results of Pearson's correlation coefficient test show that there is no strong and significant relationship between the immigrants who entered the city and the number of oil industry workers, and the number of construction permits issued. Therefore, from 1360 to 1390, a factor such as the reconstruction of the city after the war, together with other physical-spatial changes, influenced the city's mode and expansion and pushed the city's growth pattern from a cluster to a scattered one.

Resilience is one of the most effective ways in achieving sustainability at the time of earthquakes. So it can be used as a way to strengthen the communities. This study aims to identify the effective dimensions in increasing urban resilience while confronting with earthquake crisis in Boroujerd. The research method is descriptive-analytical. We used a questionnaire to obtain the necessary data. The sample size was 330 based on Cochran's formula. We analyzed the data by a single-sample T-test, multiple regression analysis models, and an independent t-test. The findings show that among the sub-indices related to the dimensions of social resilience, the sub-index of access to welfare facilities has the lowest average (3.02) and the social capital sub-index has the highest average (3.49). Also, among the sub-indices related to economic resilience, the sub-indicator of the ability to compensate for damage has the lowest average of 2.83 and the ability to return to suitable conditions has the highest average (3.97). The results of the regression analysis are also significant due to the high level of F (91.03) and the significance level below 0.05%. Also, the T results of two independent samples for comparing the opinions of experts and people about the dimensions of social resilience indicate that there is no difference between the opinions of these two groups. However, regarding some economic sub-variables (the amount or severity of damage, the ability to compensate) and the general component of the economic resilience dimension, the opinions of experts and people are different.