نشریه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی
پیاپی 2 (تابستان 1401)

In this study, the effect of eight weeks of TRX training on the physical performance of adolescent male basketball players was investigated. The present study was a quasi-experimental study with pretest and posttest design. The statistical population of the study was the boys basketball players of Mashhad and the statistical sample was the boys basketball players of Shahid Beheshti club in Mashhad with the age range of 14-17 years who had regular basketball practice for at least one year. From the basketball players who volunteered to participate in the research project, 30 of them were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 15 people, experimental group (receiving TRX training for 8 weeks) and group. Controls (not receiving TRX exercise). The experimental group trained for 8 weeks, 3 sessions per week for 50-60 minutes under the supervision of an international TRX trainer. The results showed that TRX training had a significant effect on upper body strength, lower body strength, agility and balance of adolescent boys basketball players. The greatest effect of TRX exercise was on upper and lower torso strength. Based on the results of the present study, it is concluded that in order to improve physical function, TRX exercises can be effective.

The aim of this study was to investigate the factors and design a model of obstacles to the development of wrestling in the Sistan region from the point of view of the players and athletes of the Sistan region, which seeks to investigate these factors and determine the importance of each of them. The method of this research is applied in terms of nature and goals, and in terms of method, it is a mixed research consisting of qualitative and quantitative parts. The statistical population of this research in the qualitative part is 15 people from the wrestling elites and in the quantitative part all the people related to the wrestling field in the Sistan region, their number was 375 people. Among them, 230 people answered the researcher's questions. According to the results of the structural equation model, the findings of this research showed that the model has a good fit based on goodness of fit index (SRMR<0.1) and the value of the path analysis for organizational and managerial barrier is 0.796, media and advertising barrier is 0.825. , cultural and social barrier was 0.899 and facilities and resources were 0.909. The results of the research showed that among the obstacles to the development of wrestling in Sistan region, the most important factor is the lack of facilities and financial resources. Among the other important factors in the lack of development of this field, we can mention the lack of media attention and poor management and organization in this regard. Which researchers consider it necessary to pay attention to for the development and growth of this field.

The purpose of this research was the relationship between knowledge management and the productivity of physical education teachers in Rasht city through the mediators of creativity and organizational atmosphere. The statistical population of the study consisted of physical education teachers in Rasht (210 people). The research instruments included 4 questionnaires of productivity of Hersi et al. (1994), knowledge management of Sharon Lawson (2003), organizational training of Susman and Deep (1989), creativity of Sadeghi Mal Amiri (2009) and structural equation modeling using SMART software. PLS 3 was used to analyze the collected data. The content validity of the tool was evaluated by professors and the combined reliability was verified by PLS software (0.902, 0.968, 0.923 and 0.898), respectively. Structural equation modeling method was used in PLS software to analyze the data. The results showed that knowledge management with productivity (t value = 12.860; R = 0.629), knowledge management with organizational climate (t value = 13.733; R = 0.666), creativity with productivity (092.09) 3 = t value; R = 0.139) and there is a significant relationship between organizational climate and productivity (t value = 320.5; R = 0.275); The relationship between knowledge management and creativity (t value = 0.301; R = 0.035) was not significant. As a result, in order to increase productivity, it is possible to move in the paths leading to increasing knowledge in a dynamic organization so that its employees are not afraid of applying new attitudes in the face of problems in order to overcome the existing problems on productivity.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between organizational trust and job satisfaction with physical education and sports teachers. Using Georgian and Morgan's table and sampling method, the statistical population included all working (official) physical education and sports in Mazandaran province schools to the number of 235 people. Random 146 people were selected as a statistical example of 22 cities in both high school and high schools. Personal information forms, a Minnesota satisfaction questionnaire, and a school organizational trust scale were used as data collection tools. SPSS correlation test and software were used to analyze the research findings. The findings showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between organizational trust and job satisfaction. As a result of the study, it is anticipated that factors such as the location of the individual, psychological and environmental factors, working conditions, and communication have an active role in determining the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational trust. Given the results, managers and officials of educational organizations can enhance employee satisfaction and provide more success by establishing and promoting trust in organizations.

Intellectual Disability children are at a lower level than their peers physically, intellectually and emotionally. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Upper Crossed Syndrome (UCS) in children with intellectual disability. The research method is of a descriptive type, and 50 people (30 girls and 20 boys), with average age (12±1.28) ages years old and an IQ of 35-85 were selected from Urmia and Takab cities by random cluster sampling method. The intelligence of these people was evaluated by the Wechsler intelligence questionnaire, the amount of forward head and round shoulder by the imaging method of the side view, and the amount of kyphosis by a flexible ruler. Also, Pearson's correlation coefficient was used in spss25 software to investigate the relationship between the components of UCS. The findings indicate the prevalence of forward head deformity at the rate of 84%, round shoulder 68% and kyphosis 74% in 10-14- year-old intellectual disabled people. The relationship between forward head and round shoulder was 0.81, the relationship between forward head and kyphosis was 0.69, and the relationship between round shoulder and kyphosis was 0.68. Considering the high prevalence of UCS in people with intellectual disability, it is necessary to provide recommendations and functional exercise programs according to the physical and mental conditions of these people.

The purpose of the current research was the relationship between social health and mental health with the quality of life index of the elderly during the Covid-19 pandemic. The current research was of a descriptivecorrelation type that was conducted in the field. The statistical population of this research was all the elderly people between 50 and 70 years old active in the parks and sports centers of Khalkhal city, whose number was estimated to be around 300 people. Based on Morgan's table, 100 people were selected as samples. Keyes and Shapiro's (2004) social health questionnaires, Goldberg et al.'s (1997) 28-question public health questionnaire, and SF-36 standard 36-question quality of life questionnaire were used to measure the variables. Frequency and mean distribution tables were used for statistical description of the data, and t-test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression were used for inferential statistics. The data was analyzed with the help of SPSS and AMOS statistical software and at the error level of 0.05. There was a positive and significant relationship between social health and mental health with indicators of quality of life, and quality of life was predicted by social health and mental health of elderly athletes during the period of covid-19 disease, and the model had an acceptable fit. According to these results, in the era of Covid-19, more attention should be paid to the elderly by families and organizations such as the Ministry of Sports, Youth and Welfare.

The general purpose of this research was to determine organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior with productivity from the point of view of Ardabil sports club managers. The research method was descriptive-correlation and survey method. The statistical population included all managers of sports clubs in Ardabil province, which included 198 clubs, and based on Cochran's formula, 130 managers were selected by random sampling. The tools of data collection were Niehoff and Moorman's standard organizational justice questionnaires (1993), Oregon and Kanoski's (1989) organizational citizenship behavior, and Ajiu's (2002) human resource productivity questionnaires. SPSS software was also used to analyze the data. These data were shown in two parts, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (using Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, Pearson correlation coefficient test and linear regression). The results of the research indicate that there is a significant relationship between organizational justice and its dimensions (distributive, procedural, transactional) and managers' productivity. Also, there is a significant relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and its dimensions (altruism, conscientiousness, chivalry, civil behavior, politeness and consideration) and managers' productivity. Also, 87% of managers' productivity changes were explained by organizational justice and 74% by organizational citizenship behavior. It can be concluded that managers of physical education departments should observe fairness in dealing with employees in order to increase the occurrence of citizenship behaviors, especially the virtue of citizenship in employees.

The purpose of this research was to Editing of a strategic plan for the management of sports talents of Iranian students. For this purpose, the SWOT method and the completion of a quantitative strategic planning table were used based on the opinion of 30 experts in physical education and education who were selected based on voluntary non-random sampling. Therefore, the number of 11 strengths, 11 weaknesses, 9 opportunities and 7 threats regarding the management of students' sports talents was obtained and then effective strategies were identified. Also The findings of this research showed that the formation of a working group to monitor the process of managing students' sports talent by using people with expertise in student sports, meritocracy, specialization and the selection of the best coaches in each sports field. In order to create talent and cultivate people who are talented for championship sports, to employ sports people at the top of the affairs related to physical education and education and to prevent the entry of non-sports people and to establish sports talent search bases, specialized sports schools and expand sports centers. Students with popular support, federations and the private sector were identified as basic strategies in managing students' sports talents by achieving more points.And other strategies were placed in the next priorities. These priorities can be used to achieve organizational goals in the field of managing students' sports talents, and the organization can take the necessary measures and policies to apply them.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the effectiveness of mental imagery on the acquisition of set shot skills in football. This study was a semi-experimental type with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The participants in this research included 36 semi-skilled male football players with an average age of 17.09±0.68 years in 1401. After selecting the participants and completing the individual profile form, the instructions for imaging and the Moore-Christian shot test and the principles of kicking the football station were explained orally. Then, they were given a mental imaging ability test and a shot test in 4 blocks of 4 attempts and the results were recorded. Based on the obtained scores, the participants were divided into 3 groups. The acquisition sessions lasted for 3 weeks and each week consisted of 2 training sessions and 8 blocks of 4 attempts in each session. One-way analysis of variance, compound analysis of variance with repeated measurement at a significance level of 0.05 was used. The results of data analysis showed that in the acquisition phase, the groups with positive imagery performed significantly better than the groups with negative imagery and the control group. Also, according to the significance of the interactive effect of visualization × training sessions, it was observed that from the third session onwards, the positive visualization groups performed significantly better than the negative visualization and control groups. It seems that visualization practice has had an effect on the soccer players' free kick performance, and football coaches are suggested to use positive imagery to teach semi-skilled people the free kick skill.

The purpose of this research is to investigate and compare the public relations literacy of sports media students with other academic disciplines, Payam Noor University, Tehran province. And this research, by collecting data through a questionnaire, showed that sports media students have the most knowledge in this field, and by gaining knowledge in this field, other students can improve their public relations literacy skills to a high level. The statistical population is 150 senior and doctoral students of Payam Noor University, new entries in the field of sports media and other academic fields, the research sample includes 22 students of Payam Noor University in Tehran province in the master's and doctoral level in the field of sports media and other fields that are They were chosen non-randomly and most of them refused to answer the questionnaire due to the Corona situation and these 22 people were willing to answer. The research is done quantitatively, the data collection tool was Ghasemi and Rasakh's Public Relations Literacy Questionnaire (2019). The method of analysis is the answer to 12 questions and each answer is given a point, and the total points obtained is the student's final score from the answer to the questionnaire, and at the end, the created difference can be seen as a simple average. The face and content validity of the questionnaire has been confirmed by several experts, and the reliability of the questionnaire has been estimated using Cronbach's alpha test, which was confirmed considering that its coefficient is higher than 0.7. The findings showed that the state of public relations of sports media students is at a more favorable level than other fields. The average literacy of public relations students of other fields is average. One of the suitable factors for better public relations is a high level of education and the level of participation of people in various organizations and student groups, and having expertise in public relations.

The aim of this study was to Comparison of general health in elderly athletes and non-athletes during the corona epidemic. The statistical method for determining the relationship between variables, Spearman correlation coefficient and group comparison was Mann-Whitney U test. 884 elderly constituted the statistical population of the research. 680 elderly non-athletes and 204 elderly athletes were selected as a statistical sample. A 28-item standard public health questionnaire (GHQ) and a researcher-made leisure questionnaire were used to collect data. Mann-Whitney test was performed. The results showed that the average leisure time of the elderly was 3 to 4 hours per day, which in terms of time spent exercising, watching TV, using a computer, extracurricular study, and religious activities, respectively. There is a significant difference between the favorite leisure activities of the elderly athletes and non-athletes in activities such as sports, radio and listening to music. Also, by comparing the mental health of the elderly, the results showed that student-athletes in all mental health scales have better mental health than non-athlete elderly. Participation of the elderly in leisure sports activities to have better mental health should be a priority for those involved.

The purpose of this study was to compare the three types of resistance training with weights and elastic bands, on anaerobic power, limb movement speed, reaction time, and speed in speed committee girls. The statistical population of the present study, including all the girls of the Karate of the National and Provincial Championships of Mazandaran, formed the committee in Babol (13 years of age). The research method in this study was semi-experimental, with pre-test and post-test. The exercise program used in this study included a series of karate exercises that were performed 2 sessions a week for 2 weeks and one hour each session. Research data analysis was performed using SPSS software using Kolmogorov -Smirnov test. The findings showed that the research groups in the maximum speed changes on the care science bike, the zoof and supernatural impact changes, the changes in the Zuki and the Under-building Speed and the total change of time of the Zuki and Underburistic Time and the maximum power change and the average power of the committee girls There is a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. But there is no significant difference between the research groups in endurance changes in the ability and body mass changes and the fat percentage changes in the girls' work committee and the control group. Therefore, conducting resistance with weights and elastic bands promotes the performance and efficiency of the girls' work committeh.