نشریه پژوهش های به زراعی
سال سیزدهم شماره 3 (پاییز 1400)

An experiment in the form of split-plot design with randomized complete blocks was performedin three replications in Pyrmosi village of Khoi city during 1400 in order to evaluate theresponse of yield and physiological properties of red beans to the application of growthpromoters under different irrigation levels. Irrigation was considered as the main factor in threeirrigation levels, i.e., once in 8, 11 and 14 days, and the growth promoting compounds wereviewed as the secondary factors in 5 levels, i.e., the use of humic acid mixed with irrigationwater, amino acid foliar spraying, rooting stimulant, potassium and non-use of growthpromoters was (control). The results of analysis of variance indicated that irrigation had asignificant impact on all the traits studied, and the growth promoters affected the leaf relativewater content, chlorophyll a, protein percentage, number of lateral branches, seed yield, andharvest index significantly. The interaction of the two factors had significant effects on thenumber of lateral branches, seed yield, harvest index, and seed protein percentage. Theapplication of humic acid resulted in increased seed yield, and as the water deficit increased, theeffect of humic acid on increasing seed yield became significant. The highest seed yield was3076.12 kg per hectare observed in the irrigation level of once every 8 days and under thehumic acid treatment, and the lowest level of this trait was 1220.96 kg observed in the irrigationlevel of once 14 days and under the control treatment. It seems that increased irrigation intervalduring the growing season led to yield loss and degradation of physiological properties such asleaf area index, chlorophyll, and leaf relative water content, and the use of compounds such ashumic acid moderated the decreasing drought stress effects to some extent.

In order to study the different methods of tillage and application of herbicides on yield andyield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), this experiment was conducted inkhorammabad region in 2017 as factorial random based on complete randomized blockdesign with three replications. Tillage factor was considered at three levels control (I1),conservation tillage (I2), common tillage (I3) and herbicide application at 4 levels of control(m1), paraguat (m2), glyphosate (m3), mix of syncope and beta (m4). The results showedthat tillage had significant effect on protein percent, harvest index, plant number, pod numberper plant, number of seeds, grain yield, and harvest index. The results showed thatapplication of herbicide on protein percent, plant number, pod number per plant weresignificant effect but, harvest index, biological yield were not significant. In relation to tillagemanagement factor, conventional plow with 1097.7 kg/ha had the highest and control with0.906 kg/ha showed the lowest seed yield. The maximum seed yield was obtained in thecombination of treatment Sankur and Beta herbicides (1044.7 kg/ha) and the lowest (939.3kg/ha) were gained in control conditions. Interaction between tillage and planting depth(I3m4) had the highest seed yield (1110/9kg/ha) and the lowest was i1m1 with779/9 kg/ha.

Biological stimulants can play an important role in increasing the essential oil of medicinalplants, through positive effects on growth and effective substances. In this research, the effectof chitosan foliar application as a biological stimulus on the quantitative and qualitative traitsof Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis L.) was investigated. This research was carried out in 2017in the greenhouse of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch, in three replications. Theexperimental treatments included: chitosan at 4 levels, zero (control), 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 gramsper liter. The results show that the effects of chitosan on morphological traits including thelength of the main stem, the number of secondary stems, the diameter of the main stem, thelength of the main root, the dry weight of the stem and root, as well as chlorophyll a andchlorophyll b were significant. The maximum mentioned traits were obtained in the treatmentof 1.5 grams per liter of chitosan. The maximum percentage of essential oil was obtained in thetreatment of 2 g/l and the maximum percentage of geraniol and geranial were obtained inconcentration of 1 g/L

In order to yield comparison of eight cold barley promising lines including CB-85-19,CB-85-14, CB-85-9, CB-85-15 and CB-85-10 along with three barley varieties checks(Bahman, Makoui, valfager), these experiments were conducted using RCBD withthree replications in farmer field of Torbat-e-haydaria and Fariman during 2010-2011cropping season.During the stages of growth and development, the necessary records of agriculturaland morphological traits, including the dates of spike emergence, physiologicalmaturity, plant height and 1000 seeds weight, were evaluated and after harvesting,weighing and recording the seed yield of each line, variance analysis was carried out.A randomized complete block design was performed based on the grain yield. Theresults of combining analysis showed that there were significant differences (P< 0.05)between two experimental locations for grain yield and 1000 kernels weight. Inaddition, there was a significant difference for interaction of genotype × location on1000 kernels weight. The highest grain yield (6.242 t/ha) related to CB-85-10 barleygenotype which was produced from farmer’s field in Torbat-e-haydaria and Fariman.

This research was conducted in order to investigate the effect of irrigation intervals anddifferent levels of nitrogen on the quantitative and qualitative yield of the physiological andagronomic characteristics of Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) in the research farm of IslamicAzad University, Yadgar-e-Imam Khomeini (RAH) Shahre Rey branch. The experiment wasbased on split plots based on completely randomized blocks design with 3 replications. Theexperimental treatments included three levels of irrigation (4, 7, and 10 days) as the mainfactor and different levels of nitrogen (0, 70, 100 and 130 kg/ha) were considered assecondary factors. The traits of plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, mean leafarea and dry matter yield were investigated. The results showed that except for the number ofsub-branches in the plant, the difference between different levels of irrigation intervals andnitrogen amounts were significant for all evaluated traits.The highest dry matter yield was related to the treatment combination of irrigating every 4 or7 days and 100 kg of nitrogen per hectare consumption.

In order to study the effect of seed primary germination ability and various seed shapes/size ofhybrid maize (Zea mays L.) single cross KSC 704 some related to germination and vigour traitsby accelerated ageing test, a factorial experiment based on completely randomized design with4 replications was conducted in 2020 in seed quality analysis laboratory of seed and plantcertification and registration institute (SPCRI) at Karaj. Experiment treatments including seedsflat and round shapes and medium sizes having 3 primary germination ability, 92% (abovestandard), 88% (standard) and 85 % (below standard). After accelerated ageing test, standardgermination test was conducted and final germination percent, normal seedlings percent, meangermination time, coefficient of velocity of germination, seedling length, seedling dry weight,seedling length vigor index and seedling weight vigor index determined. Results revealed thatflat seeds and 92 % primary germination ability of studied seed shapes/size seeds had the mostnormal seedlings percent (91 %), mean germination time (1.16-1.18 day) and flat seeds with92% primary germination ability coefficient of velocity of germination (0.865). Also, the mostseedling length belonged to and 92% primary germination ability (30.24) and medium sizeseeds (20.27 cm). Medium size seeds with 92% primary germination ability had the mostseedling dry weight (0.873 gr.) and seeds with 885 and 92% primary germination abilityrespectively had the most seedling length and weight vigor indices (2618 and 70). Thereforebased on this research results revealed that hybrid maize single cross KSC 704 medium size andflat shape standard and above standard primary germination ability seeds for purposes ofgermination ability and seedling vigor had high quality.