فصلنامه راهبرد دفاعی
پیاپی 77 (بهار 1401)

The Iranian Air Defense Force is responsible for defending the resources, interests and vital values ​​of the country, and as it is considered one of the main and most prominent defense sectors of the country, and according to the requirements of the Supreme Leader It is the frontline of the country's defense, it can play a role in improving the country's defense capability. Efficient and effective defense and guidance of forces requires measures, approaches and techniques to deal with threats, which have been developed in times of war and peace, taking into account the basic principles under the title of operational guidelines. The type of this research is practical and with the aim of introducing the factors influencing the formulation of the principles of the operational guidelines of the AJA Air Defense Force. The method of gathering the required data and information is library and documentary, and with the descriptive-analytical method, by conducting theoretical studies, the effective factors on the formulation of the operational guidelines of the Air Defense Force have been introduced. In this regard, the relevant questionnaire was prepared and designed and distributed among the statistical community of 60 people in full, and then using the methods of descriptive and inferential statistics analysis and SPSS software, 24 factors were identified as factors influencing the formulation of the operational guidelines of the Defense Force. Iran's J.A. Air Force was identified and prioritized. The results of this research showed that "values ​​and beliefs", "Measures and menus of the Supreme Leader" and "defense policies of the country" were prioritized as the most important factors influencing the formulation of the operational guidelines of the Air Defense Force. .

 Diplomacy has a long history in the political history of the world. The tendency towards power and protection of interests and the fear of war and its unfortunate consequences have been influential in the creation and development of diplomatic relations; On the other hand, the capabilities and facilities of the cyberspace have caused many countries to show great interest in using this space in the 21st century in order to facilitate the administration of the affairs of their societies, and this space, while creating opportunities, can also create risks. It created irreparable problems for governments, and the cyber space of the Islamic Republic of Iran is no exception to this rule; This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the role of diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in controlling cyber threats. It is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this research is 258 people and the number of statistical sample is 100 people using Cochran's formula. Citing library sources and field research and based on the analysis of questionnaires, the findings of the research show that the official diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran using bilateral or multilateral cyber treaties can reduce the effect of cyber threats against national interests and public diplomacy The Islamic Republic of Iran has enlightened the public opinion at the international level and due to the expansion of the cyberspace in all parts of the world, it has put the statesmen of the countries that are enemies of the Islamic Republic of Iran in a dilemma to act against the interests of the country.

 During the past years, many areas of the country have been affected by environmental crises such as floods and earthquakes. Reducing the damage of natural disasters has highlighted the importance of proper crisis management and coordination among logistics management factors. The method of the current research is a descriptive-survey, which was applied in terms of purpose and was implemented in the field. The statistical population of the present study is all the experienced and expert commanders and managers of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Iran, who were selected as a statistical sample of 383 people due to the unlimitedness of the statistical population and stratified random sampling. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire of logistics and supply chain management and the researcher-made questionnaire of natural crisis. Analysis of research findings was done using Smart Pls software. Considering the ever-increasing use of military resources in providing relief during natural disasters, coordination between civilian human forces and armed forces employees is one of the biggest challenges and necessities that can be reduced with proper and timely logistics management. Due to natural crises, he took vital and necessary measures.

One of the important features of today's world is the occurrence of instabilities and severe and extensive changes in different systems of a country. In the era of information explosion, with the ever-increasing needs, expectations, information, and various ecological-environmental and technological developments, human societies suddenly experienced a kind of instability, confusion, inflammation, and a special complexity, the consequence of which is the occurrence of dangerous events and crises in these societies, which It is not possible to get out of the deadlocks resulting from these crises with prudent management based on knowledge and wisdom. This research is practical in terms of the type of goal, and it is descriptive-analytical in terms of the type of data since it is based on the collection and analysis of information extracted from different aspects. The data collection method included library studies, interview techniques, and the use of questionnaires at the level of samples of the studied statistical community. The results of the research show that the information system is effective in increasing the readiness of organizations, increasing the decision-making power of managers, which leads to increased productivity in crises caused by war; Also, support services and public relations are known as the most involved part of the information system, and the highest amount of information space is also for operational information. In crises caused by war, there is a need for a multi-purpose information system to increase the readiness of managers and to properly prioritize action in dealing with the crisis.

Undoubtedly, the defense and military industries play an irreplaceable role in the sustainable development of a country, and this role is better played when the correct policy is made in this area. With regard to this goal, this is an applied and developmental research and is considered to be a review and verification of analytical factors; Also, the validity and reliability of this research was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha of 0.858 and content validity of 0.92. The number of statistical population was 116 people, of which 113 people were randomly selected. Previous researchers have proposed different influencing factors in policy making patterns. Due to the lack of a final model, the aim of this research was to identify and combine the factors introduced in past studies and achieve a single policy model for the country's defense industries in order to achieve quality goals. Since achieving a comprehensive model requires a complete study of previous literature, a systematic review method was used to achieve this goal. In this study, reliable domestic and foreign scientific databases were used in order to find the sources of related studies. Finally, by examining 68 studies related to the research topic, a pattern with 19 main factors and 273 secondary factors was identified. Since the process approach has been used in this study as the main policy approach, the authors of this study categorized the identified main and secondary factors in the form of a process model. Finally, by performing confirmatory factor analysis and removing three indicators, tangible and intangible results, the structure and final result of a model was introduced as a model emerging from previous studies.

Government expenditures in the fields of defense, order and security play a central and effective role in maintaining territorial integrity and creating stability in societies; Therefore, how to allocate the government's budget in these areas with the goals of creating stability and increasing social welfare in societies effectively depends on a correct understanding of the country's economic situation. The aim of the current research is to investigate the effect of the total government expenditure and the effect of the government expenditure on defense affairs and its related seasons, including order, security and defense, on the social welfare index (Amartiasen) during business cycles in the Iranian economy. For this purpose, the non-linear self-explanatory model with wide intervals has been used for the evaluation and analysis of information during the period of 1352-1398.   The results of the research show that the positive shocks of the government spending in defense affairs and the defense season in periods of recession, as well as in the season of order and security in periods of prosperity, have led to an increase in social well-being. This is despite the fact that the negative shocks of the government's expenditures in defense affairs and the seasons of defense and order and security in periods of prosperity and also in the season of defense in periods of recession have also increased social welfare; in addition, the shocks Positive and negative total government spending during commercial periods has caused a decrease and an increase in social welfare, respectively; Therefore, it can be claimed that the mentioned results imply that the effects of government spending components on social welfare are asymmetric.