Modern Care Journal
Volume:20 Issue: 1, Jan 2023

Context: 

It is stated that breastfeeding education has an important place in promoting and maintaining breastfeeding. The purpose of this systematic review is to examine the postgraduate theses written in the last 10 years in Turkey on breastfeeding training in the field of midwifery/nursing.

 This systematic review was carried out considering the PRISMA criteria. The search was carried out in the National Thesis Center database of the Turkey Council of Higher Education (YÖK) using several keywords, including “Breastfeeding”, “Breastfeeding Education”, “Breastfeeding Success”, “Nursing”, and “Midwifery”. The abstracts of 251 theses, which were scanned within March 20 and April 20, 2022, were systematically examined. Then, 24 theses related to breastfeeding and breastfeeding education, which fit the purpose of the study, formed the sample of the research.

 The theses obtained using keywords were quasi-experimental (42%) studies performed in the postnatal period. Moreover, 79% of the theses were in the field of nursing, and 63% of them were master’s theses. Additionally, 75% of the obtained theses were written in 2018 and later.

 In the studied theses, it is emphasized that breastfeeding education should be given face to face, starting from the antenatal period.

 Dental caries, gingivitis, and periodontitis are considered the most common oral and dental health problems in different parts of the world.

 The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity, plaque index, and gingival index determination of herbal toothpaste compared with standard toothpaste.

 The present study is a randomized clinical trial of 60 participants of 18 - 28 years and a minimum of 24 healthy teeth at Birjand Dental School that were randomly divided into two groups, herbal and standard toothpaste (n = 30 each group); only participants were blind. All subjects brushed their teeth for 3 minutes 2 times a day for seven months. The plaque index (PI) and gingival index (GI) for each participant also, saliva samples were taken from the subjects for Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus spp., colony count at the onset of the study, and 3, 5, and 7 months after toothpaste usage.

 This study was conducted on 60 patients in two study groups. No significant statistical difference was observed between age and gender in the two studied groups. No significant statistical difference was observed between age and gender in the two studied groups. Our study showed that the mean number of S. mutans in the two groups was not significantly different (P > 0.05), but the mean number of Lactobacillus spp. in the group of herbal toothpaste at three months (P = 0.02) and seven months (P = 0.002) was significantly less than standard toothpaste. Also, the mean PI and the GI indices in the herbal toothpaste group after use for five months (P = 0.02) (P = 0.03) and seven months (P < 0.001) (P = 0.03), respectively, were significantly lower than standard toothpaste.

 Throughout the 7-month trial, herbal toothpaste showed higher antimicrobial activity against Lactobacillus spp. than standard toothpaste, effectively reducing dental plaque and gingivitis. Furthermore, no undesirable reactions to toothpaste were reported during the trial. Therefore, it was concluded that possibly novel herbal toothpaste could be an alternative for controlling dental plaque and gingivitis. Further studies are needed.

 Suicide is regarded as a major public health concern in the world. Identifying factors related to suicidal ideation and prevention of suicidal thoughts play a key role in reducing suicide rates.

 This study aimed to examine the relationship between parental bonding and suicidal ideation with regard to the mediating role of feelings of shame, guilt, and separation-individuation.

 In this cross-sectional study, 573 university students were selected as the sample by adopting multi-stage cluster sampling. Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), Beck Scale of Suicide Ideation (BSSI), test of self-conscious affect (TOSCA-3), and Psychological Separation Inventory (PSI) were also used to conduct the present study. Structural equation modeling, SPSS version 21, and AMOS version 24 were used to analyze the data.

 Maternal bonding had a direct and significant relationship with suicidal ideation (0/27), whereas the direct path between paternal bonding to suicidal ideation was non-significant (0/02). From among the mediating variables, only self-conscious affect (shame and guilt) had a significant relationship in the association between parental bonding (maternal and paternal) and suicidal ideation (0/20). Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between separation from mother (0/03) and separation from father (0/07) with suicidal thoughts.

 It was concluded that parental bonding – maternal bonding, in particular – played an important role in the emergence of suicidal ideation. In addition, it was found that dysfunctional parental bonding may have prepared the ground for the emergence of suicidal ideation through feelings of shame and guilt. Therefore, it was recommended that a special attention should be paid to the important roles of shame and guilt when developing treatment protocols for those vulnerable to suicide.

 Coping with body image alteration is one of the most challenging breast cancer treatments. Identifying the facilitators and barriers is essential for integrative care planning to improve coping with body image in women with breast cancer.

 This study aimed to explore facilitating factors and barriers to coping with body image altered in women with breast cancer.

 This study was done with a qualitative approach from March 2016 to October 2017. Participants (36 women with breast cancer) were selected using purposeful sampling and maximum variation from healthcare centers in Alborz province, Iran. The data collection method was a semi-structured interview analyzed by the conventional content-analysis approach defined by Graneheim and Lundman.

 The current study found that the facilitators in coping with body image altered in women with breast cancer were "supportive resources" extracted from the four subcategories of "receive/understand spouse support," "perceived support by the family," "support by peers in real life or online" and "support by non-governmental organizations. "The barriers to coping with body image altered were "unsympathetic interactions" and "failure of the health system to provide services."

 According to the findings of the present study, supportive guidelines and planning context-based integrated care are needed to improve facilitators and remove barriers, which allow people to cope better with body image altered.

 Academic procrastination refers to the deliberate postponement of academic assignments despite being aware of the negative consequences.

 This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy on academic emotions and academic optimism among procrastination students.

 The present study was a semi-intervention type. The statistical population of the study consists of all procrastinating students of Payame Noor University, Bostan Abad Branch, who were studying in the academic year 2020. The study sample included 30 undergraduate students who were selected by convenience sampling and randomly divided into two groups (15 persons in the intervention group and 15 persons in the control group). Also, the intervention group was treated for eight sessions of one hour based on Kabat Zinn treatment protocol. To collect data, Tuckman Procrastination Questionnaire, Pekrun Academic Emotions (2002), and Academic Optimism Questionnaire were used. To analyze the data, covariance was used, which was analyzed with SPSS-23.

 The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy increased positive emotions such as pleasure (P < 0.01), hope (P < 0.01) pride (P < 0.01), and decreased negative emotions, i.e., anger (P < 0.01), anxiety (P < 0.01), shame (P < 0.01), disappointment (P < 0.01), and fatigue (P < 0.01) in the intervention group. Also, the results of the variable of academic optimism showed that cognitive therapy based on mindfulness was associated with an increase in the components of trust (P < 0.01) and academic emphasis (P < 0.01), while on the component of the sense of identity (P > 0.01) had no significant effect.

 Based on the findings of the present study, it was found that mindfulness training can be used as an effective intervention to moderate positive academic emotions and increase students' academic optimism.

 Family factors predict the incidence of developmental incompatibilities and psychological disorders. Moreover, having a child with autism can be an overwhelming experience for some families.

 This study aimed to investigate the role of neglect and alexithymia in parents with or without an autistic child on the maladjustment level of their healthy children.

 In this descriptive-correlational study, two groups of families with (n = 16) and without (n = 16) an autistic child in the cities of Zahedan and Birjand were selected by the convenience sampling method. Data were collected using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Child Abuse Questionnaire (self-report scale), and Rutter's Child Behavior Disorders Questionnaire (parent form), which were then analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression test.

 Significant results were obtained for specific and joint relationships between parental alexithymia and neglect and maladjustment of their healthy children (P = 0.041). However, the results obtained for the effect of the presence or absence of an autistic child in the family as a moderating variable were not significant (P = 0.556). Parental alexithymia had a significant positive correlation (R = 0.565, P = 0.001), and parental neglect had a significant negative correlation (R = -0.393, P = 0.029) with maladjustment of healthy children in the family.

 Neglect and alexithymia in parents specifically and jointly correlate significantly with their healthy child's maladjustment. However, the presence or absence of an autistic child in the family has no significant effect on this relationship. Parental alexithymia is a stronger predictor of the maladjustments of healthy children.

 Granuloma faciale (GF) is a rare benign cutaneous vasculitis that manifests as plaques or papules on exposed areas of the face. Infiltration of inflammation in the superficial layers of the skin is typical and predisposes the skin to medical treatment. The majority of previous studies have focused on case reports and their definitions.

 Due to resistance to traditional therapies, a 52-year-old woman was consulted for a large growing nasal dorsum lesion. She had received all the available medical treatments, such as corticosteroid injections, PDL, Rituximab, and fractional CO2 laser, which failed. Her defect was reconstructed with partial thickness skin grafts following wide local excision.

 Granuloma faciale is a rare vasculitis in the face that requires medical therapies, although in rare cases may need excisional surgery to be cured.