مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 688 (هفته چهارم آبان 1401)

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined as a gradual decline in kidney function. CKD could be manifested by nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Cachexia results from systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in CKD patients. Some drugs used for cachexia have adverse effects like increased risk of death due to edema, thromboembolism, and sarcopenia with long-term uses. Nowadays, Appetizer Barij Essence Syrup®, which contains the extract of Punica granatum, Mentha spicata, and honey, has been used to enhance appetite. In this paper, we studied the effect of this syrup on weight, anthropometric markers, and cachexia in peritoneal dialysis patients.

Fifty-four patients were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. The 5ml syrup was administered 3 times a day before meals to the patients in the intervention group for two months. Biomarkers like serum triglycerides and albumin levels, as well as muscle mass, appetite score, and actual weight were recorded at the beginning and the end of the intervention.

The appetite score, serum albumin, and average muscle mass increased significantly in the intervention group after two months. Also, serum triglyceride levels decreased significantly in this group.

Using Appetizer Barij Essence Syrup® in peritoneal dialysis patients with cachexia improved the appetite, as well as cachexia indices, like serum albumin and muscle mass. However, the impact of these interventions on these indices must be evaluated over a longer period so, long-term studies may yield more reliable results.

Considering the high importance and scope of virtual education during the sudden outbreak of COVID-19, this study intends to manage the virtual education curriculum of the course of general medicine clinical preparation in Navid system.

This developmental study was conducted in the academic year of 2021-2022 in Isfahan Medical School. Using a review of texts, documents, and focus group meetings, the Virtual Curriculum Management Procedure was developed and approved. Based on this method, a researcher-made checklist was compiled. Navid system modules (special software for university learning) were counted in all educational packages of general medicine clinical preparation course.

12 educational packages were evaluated in terms of compliance with the rules of e-learning and the National General Medicine Program. Clinical Introduction Courses were educated 100% in virtual setting and often performed as an asynchronous training in the form of a voiced PowerPoint (97.6%). Most of the packages did not have a course introduction (75%) and a course plan (100%) and were not loaded in the correct order (83.3%). Less than 3 sessions were scheduled for each instructor in the form of packages (91.7%).

Due to the virtualization and the availability of files in the Navid system, it was possible to evaluate uniquely for the first time. The efforts of teachers, students, and the field of university education during the Corona were significant, and at least at the level of theoretical courses, education was stopped.

The emergence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase- Producing Enterobacteriaceae is a threat to global health. Fast and accurate detection of these strains plays a key role in controlling nosocomial infections and effective treatment. In the present study, the detection methods of carbapenemase and broad-spectrum β-lactam-producing Enterobacteriaceae have been investigated, focusing on the summary of culture-based techniques and molecular methods.

The present study is a narrative review. The articles published between 2000 and 2022 were searched in international authoritative databases namely Scopus, PubMed, Scholar, Google, Web of Science, Science direct.

To identify Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, conventional culture methods, biochemical methods, mass spectrometry, molecular methods, next generation sequencing, microarrays, whole genome sequencing, hybridization-based system, starch iodine assay, immunochromatography, colorimetry, mass spectrometry, electrochemical measurement, and flow cytometry were used.

For the detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase- and Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight), next-generation sequencing and whole genome sequencing are among the new and selected techniques.