مجله جغرافیا و توسعه
پیاپی 69 (زمستان 1401)

The concept of space identity that has been redefined in geographical sciences, has a significant impact on the human's behavior as well as his/her experimental and emotional knowledge. Many researchers of cognitive sciences believe that this concept has also had an undeniable impact on the communities' cognitive patterns. Many human emotions that appear in people as feelings such as missing, getting nostalgic or homesick, etc., are specially related to this concept. Thus, the issue of how can space and space identity influence and govern the human behavior and feelings in these areas, is one of the most important questions that has attracted attention of many scientists especially researchers in the humanities, cognitive sciences and neurology. This Article, which has been taken from a PhD research project at the University of Isfahan, tries to analyze the feelings of a number of non-native and dormitory students of the University of Isfahan by the phenomenological method and aiding of the text of the four geographical theories in space identity field in two place the Khajoo Bridge and the judiciary. Determine the relation between space identity and expression of feeling like missing, getting Nostalgic and Homesick furthermore survey how the nervous systems function in each of the above moods.

The present study was conducted using an analytical-applied approach aimed to provide strategies for the development of the agriculture sector using multi-criteria decision-making techniques in the coasts of Hormozgan Province for integrated coastal zone management. For this purpose, in this study, first the internal and external strategic factors of the study area were identified, then through SWOT matrix possible strategies were provided, using the network analysis process (ANP) the strategies provided were weighted and finally the most important strategies were prioritized. The results of the implementation of the integrated SWOT-ANP method in this study showed that the strategies to present a comprehensive agricultural management plan to prevent the negative impacts of pollutants on sensitive coastal zones, provide special rules and regulations to protect the environment, and water and soil resources and prevent the destruction of agricultural lands through decisions and implementation of land use change plans, use of native plants and trees while adapting to the climate of the region to maintain the ecological sustainability of the region, using ecological potential and other potentials of the coast in the region to develop agriculture as a capacity in the region, which are among WT strategies due to minimizing the damage caused by weaknesses and threats, were considered as the best strategies and WO strategies due to the use of advantages of opportunities to compensate for the weaknesses in the region were the next priority of coastal agriculture development strategies in Hormozgan Province.

Institutional capacity, as an important factor, plays a bedrock role in the realization of smart cities. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the current status of institutional capacity for the realization of a smart city in the metropolis of Ahvaz and ranking its indicators. The present study is a descriptive-analytical purpose in terms of applied purpose and methodology. In assessing the status of the components, it was selected as a statistical population by the experts of organizations that are involved in the smartening of Ahvaz metropolis or will be involved in the future; Finally, 380 questionnaires were completed by the statistical community; Which were selected by snowball sampling and supervised network. Data collection tool is a five-point electronic Likert questionnaire based on qualitative content analysis method; In order to analyze the data, mean statistical tests, one-sample t-test and Friedman ranking were used using SPSS software. Formal validity of the questionnaire with the opinion of professors and content validity using the relative content validity coefficient of CV equal to 0.78; And its authenticity and reliability were confirmed by Kendall coefficient W. According to the research findings, the status of the institutional capacity for the realization of a smart city in the metropolis of Ahvaz is not appropriate, and among these, the peripheral components and smart governance are in a lower situation compared to other components.

The ten-thousand-year history of our country, Iran, indicates the interaction between the village and agriculture in different dimensions. Agriculture has a fundamental and decisive role in the destiny of the rural society of Iran and it cannot be expected to achieve sustainable development without having a stable and logical solution for agriculture. Due to existing challenges, it cannot have the possible effect on rural development. This article aims to organize the capabilities of the agricultural sector in order to have a greater impact on rural development in search of the most important agricultural factors affecting the rural development of the region. in this study, the research method is applied and based on its nature, is descriptive-analytical, and two documentary methods based on library studies and field method based on questionnaires were used to collect information, and for this purpose, 358 people from rural households and 234 people from the farmers of the village were randomly questioned. To determine the reliability of the first questionnaire, the number of 30 questionnaires among the villagers and farmers of Sahne District was calculated and its Cronbach's alpha coefficient was calculated and the result was about 0.85. Factor analysis and regression analysis methods have been used to analyze the data. As a result, 5 factors were identified as the explanatory factors of agriculture. Examining the relationship between the five factors and rural indicators showed that most of the factors extracted in the two sections are related.

The villages around the city are simultaneously the scene of formation, growth and continuation of opportunities and threats that affect the quality of life and the way to meet the needs of the residents. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the level of welfare services and quality of life in Surrounding Villages of Zanjan city. This study was conducted by cross-sectional survey on 333 villagers of Zanjanrud-e Bala rural district. The samples were randomly selected from the selected villages by stratified sampling method. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the hypotheses by SPSS software. The results showed a statistically significant positive relationship between having welfare facilities and economic, social and environmental quality of life; and a negative and significant relationship between welfare facilities and quality of life with the variable distance from the city. The villages close to the city have a lower level of social welfare, and in contrast, far from the city, the higher the facilities. In addition, people assess the level of welfare facilities and quality of life for the economic dimension as moderate to low and significantly moderate to high for the social and environmental dimensions and a significant difference was between facilities and quality of life. Multiple regression showed independent variables together predict 12.6% of the variance of the quality of life. In general, people have assessed the quality of life along with the welfare facilities of the village as moderate to low and are more deprived..

Environmental studies require an environmental gridded database. Environmental change, and climate change studies are not possible without a gridded climate database. In those environmental studies that cover a geographical area, but the necessary data is available for a restricted number of points (for example, meteorological stations) and not for the entire area under study, interpolation is required to convert the point data to areal data. In other words, it is necessary to create a network database.The first sample of such databases for Iran called Asfezari was introduced in 1996 at the University of Isfahan. This article introduces the process of preparing the third version of the Asfazari rainfall database prepared at the University of Isfahan. This gridded rainfall database is provided in a conical Lambert projection system. Its temporal resolution is daily and its spatial separation is ten kilometers. This database covers the daily rainfall of the mainland of Iran from 1349/01/01 to 1394/12/29. The error in estimating the average rainfall in this database is less than 15%. In preparing this database, the daily rainfall data of 2188 meteorological stations (including synoptic stations, climatic stations and rain gauge stations) of the Meteorological Organization of Iran (IRIMO) have been used.

Intensive agriculture and overgrazing have reduced the fertility of agricultural lands, reduced the quality of pastures and degraded the environment. The occurrence of frequent droughts, declining groundwater levels, reduced soil fertility, and degraded rangeland quality have increased the vulnerability of the agricultural and livestock production sectors in this county. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the ecological potential of the region for the continuation and development of agricultural and rangeland management activities. Using the variables of altitude, geographical direction, slope, vegetation, climate, soil texture, soil drainage, soil fertility, soil erodibility, and water level, suitable areas for agricultural and livestock rearing activities were identified. Finally, weighted linear combination (WLC) and ordered weighted averaging (OWA) models were applied to identify the ecological potential of Firouzabad county for agricultural and rangeland management activities. Findings revealed that only a limited part of the lands were suitable for agriculture and livestock rearing. According to the WLC and OWA models, 28.7% and 12.6% of the areas had a moderate capacity for agriculture, horticulture, and rangeland management, respectively. However, 71.1 and 84.6% of the Firouzabad lands had poor or no capacity for agricultural and livestock rearing activities. Based on the findings, development of intensive agriculture should be avoided. Also, in areas with moderate ecological potential, intermittent cultivation of agricultural products, expansion of gardens and rational development of rangeland activities should be considered. Also, irrigated agriculture should be avoided in areas with weak ecological potential, and rangeland management should be practiced.

Social entrepreneurship knowledge is critical for transforming the development of rural society and can be a good ground for the development and empowerment of women in rural areas. This study aims to analyze the factors affecting the entrepreneurship of rural women and present a paradigmatic model of social entrepreneurship development of rural women in Varamin County. The research method used in this research was qualitative, and among the conventional qualitative methods, the Grounded theory method was used. Participants included 11 experts and women entrepreneurs who were members of the Rural Micro Credit Fund of Varamin County who were selected and studied using the purposive sampling method. The primary way of data collection was semi-structured interviews that continued until the theoretical saturation point was reached. MAXQDA 12 software was used for data analysis and information processing. Internal validity of the research was measured using professors' points of view and long observations, external validity was measured by describing the obtained data, and the reliability of the study was measured by the triangulation method. The results showed that the most important critical aspect in social entrepreneurship is the socio-cultural aspect and then psychological aspect, economic aspect, environmental aspect, technology aspect and legal-political aspect, respectively. The relationship between the influential factors and the development of women's social entrepreneurship was presented in a paradigmatic model. A paradigm model including the components of causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, interactive strategies and consequences for the development of social entrepreneurship of rural women was presented

Optimal allocation between different economic sectors requires a correct understanding of the efficiency of resources in each sector. When there is a scarcity of one or more resources that play a more vital role in the production of a sector, the optimal allocation of that scarce resource between different sectors is critical. In this study, different provinces of the country in terms of spatial dispersion and levels of development of horticultural indicators have been measured by different methods of factor analysis and cluster analysis as well as HDI method. Cluster analysis and HDI in geographical studies In this study, an attempt has been made to study the spatial distribution of horticultural indicators in 30 provinces of the country in terms of development. For this purpose, 22 normalized variables were studied. They selected 4 factors that contain 87% of the information of primary variables and then based on these four factors, different provinces of the country were classified into 5 homogeneous clusters and to measure its development by Horticultural development index method, agricultural development index. It has been used that the most developed province in terms of horticulture is Isfahan with HDI 0.37% and the most deprived provinces of Bushehr and Qom with HDI is 0.94%.

The study area is located in the northwest of Iran and in the Central Iranian zone (Urmia-Dokhtar volcanic belt). The aim of this study is deretmination of the tectonic activity of the Qameshlu fault. Field studies, evaluation of fractal dimensions and morphometric indices have been used in order to analyze the morphotectonic evidences of the study area. Firstly, the study area was first divided into 18 basins. Then five quantitative morphometric indices including asymmetry factor index (Af), transverse topographic symmetry index (T), stream length-gradient index (SL), Valley Floor Width to Height Ratio (Vf) and Hypsometric integral index (HI) have been calculated. The relative active tectoic index (Iat) is also calculated, in order to determination of amount of relative tectonic activity. This index is divided into three classes, class 1 (high tectonic activity), class 2 (medium tectonic activity), class 3 (low tectonic activity). The quadratic method has also been used to measure the fractal dimension of active faults and streams. For this purpose, the whole region is divided into six boxes and the amount of fractal dimension in each network is calculated using logarithm-logarithm diagram. The results of fractal analysis of faults indicate that section f is the most active part of the study area, while the results of fractal analysis of streams show more tectonic activity in part b. The results obtained from the study of morphometric indices, fractal analyzes and field evidences show more activity in the central part (in the middle of Qomshloo fault) and in the northern and southern parts due to fault density.

The use of urban routes by tourists is an integral part of tourism in urban spaces, and tourists use urban routes to reach their desired destinations. Confusion in wayfinding causes unpleasant feelings and facilitates wayfinding, providing tourist satisfaction and repeat visits. Despite importance of issues related to tourists' behavior in urban spaces, there is a lack of research that examines all factors affecting tourists' wayfinding behavior in tourist cities and provides a comprehensive understanding of wayfinding of tourism. Therefore, current research has its main mission and goal in contributing to body of knowledge in field of studies of tourists' wayfinding behavior and identifying all factors affecting this behavior in urban space for fill this research gap and planning and designing an efficient wayfinding system, according to the tourists' wayfinding behavior. This research is fundamental in terms of its purpose and seeks to answer the question, what are factors affecting wayfinding behavior of urban tourists? To answer research question, meta-synthesis method and seven-step model of Sandelowski and Barroso (2007) have been used. The target texts were coded in Maxqda 10. According to obtained results, tourism wayfinding is a complex activity due to limited familiarity of tourists with environment and different perception and depends on many factors. Facilitating tourist wayfinding requires attention to 5 main categories of travel factors, tourist characteristics, perceptual factors, environmental factors and guide tools. Findings of this research can be used to understand wayfinding behavior of tourists and improve wayfinding environment and travel experience and satisfaction of tourists.

The current research was carried out with the aim of examining and analyzing sustainable rural development with emphasis on the participation of local communities in the villages of Zarin-Dasht city. Two methods of library study and field survey were carried out. The results of the sample T-Tech test showed that the average obtained in the economic index is equal to 2.52, the socio-cultural index is 2.84, the environmental index is 2.84 and the institutional index is 3.144. In fact, the state of community participation Locality is unfavorable in all indicators except the institutional index.showed that 95% of the changes in the dependent variable (dimensions of sustainable development) are explained by the participation indicators of local communities. Also, the results showed that among the independent indicators included in the regression equation, the share of the indicator (social-cultural participation) in predicting positive changes in the dependent variable (sustainable development of rural areas) is more than other participation indicators. . Further, the results of the path analysis showed that the direct effects of institutional participation on the sustainability of villages are more than other indicators of participation, and the least direct effects are in institutional and environmental indicators. After investigating the relationship between participation and sustainable development of Zarin-Dasht villages, each village of Zarin-Dasht was ranked based on sustainable development with an emphasis on the participation of local communities. With a weight value of 3.543 in the economic dimension, 3.435 in the social dimension, 3.564 in the physical dimension and 3.576 in.