فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی
پیاپی 71 (پاییز 1401)

Adoption has been an issue with a long history in human life, due to the emotional and spiritual needs of human beings to have children, under conditions that people willing to accept the children of others, are called as children. This legal relationship requires rules and regulations to protect public order and the rights of individuals in society, and although in most cases there are benevolent and humanitarian goals beyond this acceptance, children and adolescents are among those protected by the legislature and the rules for adoption are adopted. And special rules and formalities are provided and are of various personal circumstances; Today's immigration and communications will make the conflict-of-law debate more colorful than ever. The purpose of this article is to study the adoption in the laws of Iran and France and the view of the conflict of laws in the law of the two countries and what solutions the two countries offer in resolving the conflict of laws and the similarities and differences are identified.

This research was conducted to determine the effectiveness of positive parenting skills training in the quality of mother-child relationship, parenting self-efficacy, and affective control in mothers with divorced children. Its method was quasi-experimental involving a pre-test, post-test, and a follow-up plan with the control group. The population included 30 mothers with divorced children, selected through convenience sampling. The mothers were randomly classified into two control and experimental groups with 15 participants each. The data were collected using Parenting Self-Efficacy, Mother-Child Relationship Quality, and Affective Control Questionnaires. Then, the positive parenting skills program was performed for the experimental group within 8 team sessions, but no intervention was performed for the control group. Both groups participated in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up (with a one-month interval) plan. Based on variance analysis, the participants in the experimental group showed more affective control than those in the control group following the intervention and the quality of mother-child relationship was also improved in the experimental group. Moreover, positive parenting skills training led to maternal parenting self-efficacy. Therefore, it is concluded that this program can be used to help the mothers with divorced children to improve the quality of mother-child relationship, parenting self-efficacy, and affective control.

Content analysis of first grade elementary textbooks based on gender equality componentsThe main purpose of this investigation is to analyze the content of first grade elementary textbooks based on the degree of attention to gender equality. The method used in content analysis is Shannon entropy and the unit of page analysis (images, text, questions and exercises) with 6 indicators and 26 sub-indicators is emphasized by the Declaration of Human Rights. In the study of the content of the first grade textbooks, it is observed that among the 6 indicators studied, the highest frequency and importance coefficient belong to the social index. )Men: wj=0.731 & women: wj=0.671) and the lowest frequency and importance coefficient belong to the political index (men: wj=0.039& women wj=0.00). Also, the results indicate the roles of women in Different political situations, health and life chances compared to men have little expression in the textbooks of this period.Keywords: Gender Equality, First Grade Textbooks, Content Analysis, Shannon Entropy.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the family-related facilitators and deterrents to the consumption of unconventional sexual content in the Internet and cyberspace (pornography) and suggested strategies to prevent its harm among adolescents. For this purpose, a qualitative research with a basic interpretive approach was conducted using 54 in-depth interviews with girls and boys aged 15-18 years in Tehran in 2016 using purposive sampling. Family factors facilitating the consumption of unconventional sexual content among adolescents were extracted in three main categories: "unbalanced family control and supervision", "communication and emotional problems in the family" and "cognitive weakness" and "media literacy of parents". Family deterrents also included: "Balanced parental control and supervision", "Verbal and emotional communication that builds trust in the family", "Value and moral commitment of the family" and "Emotional support in the family". Proposed family-based strategies to reduce adolescents' vulnerability were suggested within the two main categories: "Exercising balanced family control and supervision" and "Strengthening the appropriate parent-child emotional-verbal relationship." These results can play an important role in educational and counseling interventions in the field of family and media along with other interventions to safeguard adolescents in the digital era.

Marriage patterns are vary in each society according to social, economic and cultural conditions. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the pattern of marriage of young people in Tehran.

This research has been done in analyzing the pattern of youth marriage in Tehran with a qualitative method of grounded theory 28 participants were selected by purposive sampling and data were collected by semi-structured interviews

The perspective on marriage and its factors, the role of family, relatives, ceremonies and traditions, dating before marriage, appropriate age, the method of choosing a spouse and their strategy were the focus of the questions and after three stages of open, central and selective coding of the textual data, 138 concepts, respectively, 28 subcategories and 13 categories and the main theme of "finding individuality" were obtained.Delayed marriage, self-centered matching and domineering family, reductionist traditionalism and especially in boys, the desire to be friends with the opposite sex, sexual convenience, sometimes the tendency to informal marriage (temporary marriage, domestic partner) are seen as strategies.

Economic and livelihood facilities, attitude, value and action relationships between the two sexes are the main elements of the formation of this pattern.

Iranian family triad model has been developed to describe the relationships of spouses with each other and with the main families of each of them. This study aimed to predict the sides of the Iranian family triad model based on marriage age, duration of marriage, cognitive emotion regulation and spouse’s attachment styles. 404 married people who live in Tehran (120 males and 284 females) participated in this study. marriage age, duration of marriage, cognitive emotion regulation and spouse’s attachment styles together can predict significantly the sides of the triad family model. Among cognitive emotion regulation strategies, catastrophizing strategy predicts we-ness with a spouse, assessing the boundary between spouse and family of a spouse, and joining to Spouse family. other strategies had no significant effect on variables prediction. Among the three other predictive variables, only the duration of marriage was able to predict we-ness with spouse and marriage age and attachment styles were not statistically significantly involved in this model. Based on the obtained results, by providing necessary training about attachment styles and emotion regulation strategies to couples and individuals on the verge of marriage, their relationship with each other and with the main family of each partner can be improved.

The present study was conducted to predicting marital jealousy based on self-differentiation components and attachment styles. This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of this study is all married people in 2nd and 5th areas of Tehran in 2020, That 200 of them were selected by available sampling method and they completed the Multidimensional Scale of Marital Jealousy (Pfeiffer & Wong, 1989), Revised Adult Attachment Scale (Collins & Reid, 1990), and Self-Differentiation Questionnaire (Skowron & Friedlander, 1998). The data were analyzed by Pearson Correlation and Regression Analysis. The results of this study showed that the Marital Jealousy have a negative relationship with Secure Attachment, and have a positive relationship with Avoidance and Anxiety Attachment. In Self-Differentiation levels, I position was positively associated with Marital Jealousy, and three other dimensions, namely Emotional Reactivity, Fusion with others, and Emotional Cutoff, were negatively associated with Marital Jealousy. Among Attachment Styles, Anxiety Attachment Style is a significant predictive for the cognitive dimension of Marital Jealousy. It can be concluded that the Marital Jealousy is predictable by the dimensions of Attachment and Self-Differentiation. Therefore, by improving Self-Differentiation and Attachment Styles, can be reduced negative effects of Marital Jealousy in Couples.

The aim of this study was to predict perceived marital justice based on the sense of psychological cohesion and marital empathy mediated by marital spirituality. The research method was non-experimental and correlational. All married men and women in Tehran in 2018, formed the statistical population of the present study. The sample consisted of 380 married men and women who were selected by internet survey and available sampling method. Data collection tools were Perry (2004) Perceived Marital Justice Questionnaire, Julif and Farrington (2006) Marital Empathy Questionnaire, Kimiaee Internal Cohesion (2013) and Perez (2012) Marital Spirituality Questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation, correlation coefficient and analysis of variance in PLS software. The results showed that the sense of cohesion has a direct and significant effect on marital justice and spirituality. Also, marital spirituality has a mediating role on marital justice and sense of cohesion, but marital empathy has no significant effect on marital justice. Therefore, based on the results of this study, perceived marital justice can be predicted based on the feeling of psychological cohesion and the mediating role of marital spirituality.

This study aims to investigate the mediating role of sensation seeking in relation to psychopathy traits and attitudes toward infidelity in married people. path analysis was used to examine the model. The statistical population of married people was 20 to 50 years old in Isfahan in 2021; the statistical sample was 554 married people (288 females and 266 males) who were selected through available sampling. The research instruments include Whately’s Attitudes toward Infidelity Scale (2008), Levenson Self Report Psychopathy Scale (1995), and Hoyle’s brief Sensation-Seeking Scale (2002). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and path analysis. The results showed that disinhibition as one of the dimensions of sensation seeking in the relationship between primary psychopathy traits with attitudes toward infidelity relationships (β= 0.08, p<0.05) plays mediating role, also in the relationship between secondary psychopathic traits and attitudes toward infidelity relationships (β= -0.08, p<0.05) plays a complete mediating role in women. In men, the sensation-seeking variable does not play a mediating role, and only its secondary psychopathy traits directly affect attitudes toward infidelity relationships (β= -0.13, p<0.05). In general, psychopathy traits due to sensation seeking predict 19% in women and 20.3% in men with attitudes toward Infidelity variance.