نشریه معمار شهر
پیاپی 3 (پاییز 1401)

This research deals with the cognition of architecture in conformity methodology of interpretation and levels of existence derived from Hekmat Sadraei. By thinking in the form of a human paradigm in which human is defined as the width of humanity, the method as the width of the methodology and the values as the width of the human essence in his entire territory without the need for the contractual boundaries of knowledge. The research method is logical reasoning in the interpretive paradigm with a qualitative approach and the method of data collection is library-documentary.Assuming that the understanding of architecture relies on the existing experiences and the meaning system of social structures, from grammatical interpretation to the reconstruction of mental processes and introspective psychology, and from sociological reflections to the interpretation of products. A culture corresponding to the audience's level of knowledge can be identified; It shows that the knowledge of doubt in man, which according to the teachings of Hikmat Sadra is caused by his existence, requires different methods in understanding architecture. All strategies are indirectly related to each other in stages and levels of examining observable or unobservable phenomena, which cause interference of paradigm boundaries. Therefore, depending on what we are looking for in the understanding of architecture, we understand and understand architecture in ways that are appropriate to the set goal.

Human is known as the primary user of the urban space, and the squares of every city, both in the real world and in the virtual world, are the beating heart of that city, where a series of social, economic, religious, political, activities take place. They are known based on the type and manner of human perception of that city. This article was written to explain the effective components in improving the quality of urban spaces and obtaining the most important of these components in two examples of urban spaces. has been The present research is looking for an answer to the "components of improving the quality of life in urban open spaces" and "the method of classifying fields in a parallel world" by using documentary and library studies as well as the research method by extracting the components that affect the quality of the urban space, concepts and accordingly Those main extracted categories were measured in a wide range through field studies and questionnaires, and the results were analyzed through SPSS software, the Friedman test, and AHP method so that finally, the urban squares in the parallel world are classified in terms of quality. In fact, according to the goals and research questions, this article is in the field of qualitative research. The statistical population of the first stage of the research includes the residents of Isfahan city (more than fifteen years of residence), and the statistical population of the second stage of the research includes architecture students. For the first stage of the research, the samples were randomly selected and included one hundred people; each person answered two questionnaires, each with twenty-six questions and the same questions about Atiq Square and Naqsh Jahan Square. The questionnaire included open-ended questions about age, gender, and education level. In closed-ended questions, a Likert scale was used to measure users' opinions about each component. In the second stage of the research, five main components of the fields were selected. These components were questioned by two hundred and ten architecture students in the seven parallel world fields of Dicentrand; this research's formal and content validity has been confirmed by sending it to several experts in the field of architecture. The relationships between the research components have been investigated through SPSS software and Friedman's test. The results show that the components of quality improvement of urban spaces are classified into two categories: physical-spatial and functional criteria, which physical-spatial criteria are dimensions and proportions, harmony and spatial order, and human scale, and functional criteria are a mix of uses, suitable activities, and vitality. And social life is classified. The results of the research indicate that the main square of the world of Centralland (Genesis Plaza) is a suitable representation of a structuring field, which is designed in a very favorable way based on the components of the real world. Further, the other fields of this world are also very similar to the real world, and there are many similarities between the two regarding design structures.

due to importance of global warming and climate change, communities are trying to reduce the increasing pressure of risks and their consequences and move towards sustainability and resilience, especially in conditions of uncertainty in urban water resources. The increase in the population of fame and the pressure of this increase has created an unprecedented challenge in water management, especially in access to water resources, wastewater treatment and recycling technologies. In this regard, a look at the current situation and the identification of obstacles, the development of appropriate strategies to improve the situation; Water-sensitive cities are known as new models of sustainable urban water management in order to minimize the hydrological effects of urban development on the environment, which in urban development and reconstruction processes can help achieve the goals of improving the quality of urban life and livability of cities. Although there may be different contexts and challenges in developed and developing countries, understanding the current state of the city in terms of water-sensitive city characteristics to identify capacities and constraints is the first step in planning the transition process to achieve development goals and strategies. This article introduces the indicators of water-sensitive city and its effect on the evaluation and improvement of urban water management practices, which has been done by reviewing the literature and based on a qualitative method of content analysis and searching for resources and classifying them based on research keywords. And examines the characteristics of a water-sensitive city. According to the leading article, it can be concluded that the indicators support strategic planning and decision-making, improve and strengthen the results over time, and evaluate the consequences and ways of urban water management compared to other cities., Governance

Design is a multi-layered thing that has changed to meet today's needs. Collective design evolves by criticizing the individual approach, based on the cooperation between design actors. The basis of this process focuses on the dialogue of actors, and in it, learning within the team is significant. In this regard, the current research seeks to answer the question "What effect does dialogue in collective design have on the thinking and learning of actors?" takes a step The current research, in the category of design research, is conducted qualitatively and has a practical nature. The data in this research were collected from library studies and observing the practical action of collective design, and after coding, they were analyzed with logical reasoning strategy. Interaction in the design process transforms the nature of design from an intuitive and individual matter to a collective event. The findings show that four models of open, closed, hierarchical and network layouts can be obtained in collective design, which can be used to integrate these layouts in order to achieve different results. All these models are conversational. Observations of the practical experience of collective design show that the quality of conversations is more critical and the role of critical thinking is significant in it. Also, considering the three levels of active, experiential and collaborative learning that emphasize collective interaction; The cycle of dialogues affects the learning of activists and causes intellectual transformation. This learning conforms to the social learning model and works as an idea generation machine by providing parallel solutions.

The ineffectiveness of architecture bachelor's degree graduates, who constitute a large community of students in the country, when faced with architectural design issues, is one of the signs of the ineffectiveness of the current education system of the country's universities. Based on this, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of the information need definition component (out of the 6 information literacy components of Connor Radcliffe) on the improvement of architectural design information literacy among undergraduate architecture students. The research method in this study is the correlation method, in which the impact of several criteria on the target population is investigated alone and also in combination with other criteria, and in the quantitative part, it is a survey approach. The present research was carried out in the Islamic Azad University of Tehran West Branch by simple non-probability sampling method. In order to collect information from the sample population, a questionnaire prepared for this purpose was used. The statistical population of this research was the undergraduate architecture students of this university between 2016 and 2016. The number of members of the sample community is determined to be 341 people based on Morgan's table. Also, spss software was used to analyze the findings. Discussion and In this research, the criterion (definition of information need) of measuring information literacy of undergraduate architecture students was studied. In the mentioned criterion, by examining the information extracted from the students, the extent of its effect on their literacy level was determined and then prioritized. According to the results of the multivariable linear regression fitting, the effect of this component in improving the level of information literacy of the students of this field and course was determined; However, the factor defining the need for information has no effect on improving the quality of education. Therefore, relying on this method, students can be grouped upon arrival and the appropriate educational approach can be applied to them.

The aim of the present study is an analytical approach to teamwork (TW) in making maquettes by architecture students to make a policy-making model in the architecture education context.

The research method is applied according to the purpose and based on the data collection, it is descriptive and a case study. First, the research background in the fields of policy-making in higher education, teamwork, and architecture education was reviewed and the factors that influence each were evaluated. The statistical population of this research is students of the workshop and architectural design studio at Anhalt University in Dessau, Germany, which is affiliated with the Bauhaus Institute.

Due to the current construction industry in Iran, a high unemployment rate is observed in this context. The need to improve skills and apply the training is very evident. The problem from teamwork's point of view in teaching and making maquettes was examined as one of the important causes of this unemployment. The solution is in the policy-making in higher education. The expertise and professional work of architecture is based on teamwork and preparing students to do teamwork and learn in this matter has a positive effect on improving the performance and efficiency of future architects.

The urban landscape is the surface of contact between man and the phenomenon of the city, which is revealed through human experience and the interaction between man and the environment. The developments of the last few decades made it necessary to pay attention to the facade and organize the urban appearance. A quick look at the appearance of the city today is proof of the above claim. In the meantime, the role of urban laws and regulations will be studied as one of the most important influencing factors in the formation of urban image and landscape. In this research, an exploratory analysis has been carried out and with the design of a questionnaire, the effective components in the formation of the urban view have been extracted in the form of a field survey, and after the analysis, we will provide practical and effective suggestions for architects and urban landscape designers. There are executive directors, specialized experts and experts in urban planning and architecture, and people living in the regions who have a frequent presence in the city.

As the age increases, the power and ability of the elderly to recognize the architectural spaces and related internal or external areas decreases, and on the one hand, this point increases their dependence on others and reduces their self-confidence, and in the next stages, they may lose the ability to find their way. and lose routing. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effective factors in the perception of the elderly through the examination of cognitive maps. This article examines the behavioral and cognitive responses of the elderly in the Kahrizak nursing home using the "space arrangement method" in the framework of environmental behavior studies. This study shows adaptive and maladaptive behavioral responses to spatial configurations in relation to the elderly and their residential environment. The statistical population includes forty-five elderly residents of Kehrizak nursing home who have cognitive and motor skills. In the present study, the role of the spatial configuration of the environment and the resulting cognitive maps on the sociable behavior of the elderly was measured. In this research, two types of VGA and ISOVIST analysis were used in space layout. The results indicated that there is a significant relationship between the results of the spatial arrangement and the cognitive maps resulting from the perception of the space of the elderly, so it is possible to pay attention to some specific spaces or ignore some spaces in the cognitive maps due to the characteristics and physical structure of the complex architecture. Based on this, suggestions were made for the perceptibility of the space by the elderly.