نشریه روانشناسی اجتماعی
سال دهم شماره 65 (پاییز 1401)

The era of technological revolution and the addition of the Internet, especially social media, has created a new reality in the dimensions of the daily life of communities and students. This new reality undoubtedly imposes general effects on us. The use of social media has affected all regions and societies and has both positive and negative effects. The purpose of this study is to predict quality of life; Responsibility and expected social behavior were based on the use of social networks and media among young people. The study population was youth (18-30 years old) in Maragheh city in 2020 ((Prevalence of the Fourth Corona Peak) and the population was 381 people using Morgan table. Due to the prediction of 5% probability of collecting invalid information, the sample size was added and the final sample was 384 people.Persons subjects were selected using two-stage cluster sampling method. The instruments used were the Jahanbani Social Networking and Questionnaire (2018) and the WHOQOL-BREF (1996) Quality of Life Questionnaire, the California Psychological Questionnaire (1987), and the ASBQ Expected Social Behavior Questionnaire (2003). The findings of Pearson's correlation coefficient and linear regression showed that, based on the use of networks and social media; The quality of life, responsibility and expected social behavior of young people can be predicted. Based on the results obtained, currently according to the infrastructures and investments made, the use of networks and social media to promote and spread the culture of responsibility, change social behavior and improve the dimensions of the quality of life is a tool. It is not reliable and sufficient, and it is not possible to rely on networks and social media to teach these concepts. In order to protect the great power of the youth and make proper use of their potential as the future builders of the country, it is recommended to promote media literacy in the society and teach the correct, conscious and active use of networks and social media.Therefore, appropriate planning should be done for policy-making and management of educational programs through media and social networks in organizations.

The aim of this study was to test the model of the relationship between parents 'domestic violence on students' externalized and internalized behaviors mediated by psychological flexibility. The research method is a descriptive structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this study was all male high school students in Guilan province. The sample size includes 431 students who were selected virtually in the form of an invitation message due to the outbreak of the coronavirus and restrictions. Subjects completed the Domestic Violence Questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Report Form, and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and data analysis was performed using Pearson correlation coefficient and structural equation modeling. The results showed that the indirect effect of parental domestic violence and internalized and extroverted behaviors (ie when psychological flexibility is used as a mediating variable) is greater than the direct effect of the calculated variables. The research hypotheses are confirmed and the root mean square approximation index indicates that the model has a good fit (RMSEA = 0.037).

Spirituality in the work environment can bring humanity to organizations, activity to the community, and responsibility to the environment. If so; This is the most important task that our society is facing in the first decades of the new millennium. The purpose of this research is to investigate the relationship between spiritual management in the work environment and the ethical behavior of employees in education in Mazandaran province. This is a descriptive correlational research. The statistical population included all education workers of Mazandaran province in 2013-1400, numbering 1412 people. The sample size of 302 people was selected by stratified random sampling method according to gender. The data collection method was library and field. Data measurement tools included the standard questionnaires of spirituality in the work environment by Milliman et al. (2003) and ethical behavior by Lozier (1993). The validity of the questionnaires was checked and confirmed by experts and by calculating Cronbach's alpha, the reliability of spirituality questionnaires in the work environment was calculated as 0.94 and moral behavior as 0.90 percent, which showed that the questionnaires have relatively high reliability. . The method of data analysis was the use of descriptive statistics (frequency calculation, percentages, standard deviation and column chart) and inferential statistics (Kolmogorov Smirnov test and Pearson correlation coefficient test) through SPSS22 software program. The findings showed that there is a relationship between spiritual management in the work environment and the ethical behavior of employees and its components in education in Mazandaran province. As a result, spirituality in the work environment can cause employees and managers to avoid bad words and deliberate enmity with each other due to their sense of belonging to others. The more the spirituality in the work increases, the more ethical principles will be observed in the organization and the more people will adhere to them.

The aim of this study was the effectiveness of teaching Fordyce happiness model on family functioning and social adequacy of mothers of mentally retarded children in Arak. The research method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with control group and follow-up stage. The sample size consisted of 30 mothers of mentally retarded children who were randomly selected from 108 people in the statistical population, and were randomly (15 people) in the experimental group and (15 people) in the control group. The experimental group in 10 sessions. For 80 minutes, he was trained in the Fordyce model of happiness.Data were collected using the McMaster FAD (1983) Family Performance Questionnaire and the Burmster Social Sufficiency Questionnaire 1988 (ICQ-R) and using multivariate analysis of covariance, univariate analysis of covariance and t-test paired with SPSS-20 software. Were analyzed.

The results of analysis of covariance showed that short-term and long-term Fordyce model training on family performance (problem solving, communication, roles, emotional responsiveness, emotional conflict and behavior control) and social adequacy (initiation, negative comment, conflict resolution). , Self-disclosure and advocacy) have significant effectiveness. Also, the results of t-test showed that there is no significant difference between the mean scores of family performance components and social adequacy components in the post-test phase and the follow-up phase of the experimental group.That is, education has good stability.

Due to the psychological pressure exerted on mothers by the mentally retarded child, family counselors can use Fordyce's happiness model training to improve their family functioning and social well-being.

Considering the importance of social-emotional abilities in childhood especially in preschool age, the necessity of intervention with the aim of improving and promoting of social-emotional abilities and using game-based educational methods, especially for preschool children, the present research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of educational games based on social-emotional learning on increasing social-emotional abilities in preschool children. The present study was a semi-experimental with pretest, posttest and two-month follow-up design with control group. The research population was a preschool children of 4th district of Mashhad city in the 2020-2021 academic years. The research sample was 48 people who were selected by available sampling method and randomly by lottery replaced into two groups of 24 people. The experimental group was trained 20 sessions of 45 minutes with the method of educational games based on social-emotional learning and the control group was placed on the waiting list for training. The research tool was the social-emotional assets and resiliency scale for preschool. The data were analyzed by methods of analysis of variance with repeated measures and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS software version 25 at a significant level of 0.05. The findings showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of social-emotional abilities in preschool children. In the other words, educational games based on social-emotional learning increased social-emotional abilities in preschool children and the results remained in the follow-up phase (P<0.05). According to the results of this research, planning is necessary to improve social-emotional abilities in preschool children based on educational games based on social-emotional learning along with other effective educational methods.

The present research was conducted with the aim of comparison the effectiveness of applied behavior analysis and play therapy on increasing the social skills of mild intellectual disability children. This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was quasi-experimental with pre-test-post-test design with experimental and control groups. The research population was mild intellectual disability children referred to counseling centers in the third district of Tehran in the spring season of 2022 year. The research sample was 40 mild intellectual disability children who after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by the available sampling method and randomly were assigned into three equal groups including two experimental groups (applied behavior analysis and play therapy) and one control group. Each of experimental groups underwent by applied behavior analysis and play therapy for 10 sessions of 45 minutes (two sessions per week) as a group and during time the control group did not receive education. The tools of the current research included a demographic information form and social skills questionnaire (Gresham and Elliott, 1990). Data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance and Bonferroni post hoc test in SPSS version 22 software. The findings showed that both intervention methods of applied behavior analysis and play therapy in compared to the control group led to increase the social skills and each three components of them including cooperation, assertiveness and self-control of mild intellectual disability children (P<0.001), but between the intervention methods there was no significant difference in increasing the social skills and their components (P>0.05). According to the results of the present study, therapists, counselors and psychologists can use both methods of applied behavior analysis and play therapy to increase the social skills of mild intellectual disability children.

Infectious diseases are always a source of fear and anxiety that following the outbreak of the disease, symptoms of anxiety can be seen in the person, including coronary anxiety, which leads to the continuation of psychological trauma and aggravation of social problems. The aim of this study was to compare coping self-efficacy based on the severity of corona anxiety in citizens of Tehran. The research method was descriptive kind of comparative causal. The statistical population was all citizens of Tehran in April and May of 2020 that 215 people were selected by voluntary sampling with online call through virtual social networks (Telegram and WhatsApp). Data were collected by Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (Alipour et al., 2018) and the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (Chesni et al., 2005) which were prepared as virtual web-based questionnaires. Also the data obtained from these questionnaires were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance in SPSS-25 software. The results of variance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between mild and severe coronary anxiety group in the mean of coping self-efficacy and problem-oriented coping (p<0/01).Mean self-efficacy and problem-oriented coping did not differ significantly from other coronary anxiety severity confrontations, Also, the mean stop unpleasant emotions and thoughts and get support from friends and family were not differ significantly in all coronary severity confrontations (p<0/05). Therefore, it seems that health officials should pay more attention to the concept of coping self-efficacy as an important indicator in ensuring the mental health of people during the outbreak of coronary anxiety.