نشریه جامعه شناسی ارتباطات
پیاپی 8 (تابستان 1401)

The purpose of this study is to identify mothers' experiences of norm strengths of virtual social networks among Sons 11 to 18 years in Isfahan. The method taken in this research is phenomenological type of qualitative studies and 12 mothers were participated in interviews who have children with wide use of Instagram Social Network. Participants were chosen by using procedure of purposive sampling and snowball method. Data were collected through deep interviews and were analyzed by Colizzi method. Research findings in the class of social norm were including: "doing facility personal affairs, "facilitate and improve communications", "acquaintance with new technologies", "use of leisure "and "to learn English language ". Finding showed that there are many culture strengths in the field of social norms for sons in Isfahan which can be used in case of proper training to improve the knowledge and skills of users.

The city as the origin of human civilization has always been considered by theorists of various sciences. The complex atmosphere of the city has forced thinking people to think about reforming and creating new urban structures in order to get rid of problems and failures in reaching a higher level of life. In the third millennium, information technology as the main axis of change and development in the world the achievements of the smart city and the electronic city have been considered by urban planners and city managers as an irreplaceable solution to urban problems. The present article with a descriptive-analytical and documentary approach showed that social media has an important role to play in components such as smart people and smart mobility in good urban governance with a smart approach. In the end, while concluding the contents of the strategies for achieving good smart urban governance based on urban smartening, taking into account the positive effects of social media is presented.

The influence of the media on all aspects of life is not about anyone. It is one of the cornerstones of aging in all societies. The elderly also has features that differentiate them from others and require special media plans that are specific to the elderly. A superficial look at media programs is a vacuum of attention from the media to the elderly, and perhaps if it is said that the program can not be seen as unnecessary. To validate this claim, there are two research methods 1- Content analysis of the media; 2- An opinion poll about the media satisfaction of the elderly. Given that today's social media is no longer broadcast media, it's not possible to analyze their content, and it can not be determined that this type of media has an impact on the elderly through content analysis, and therefore the opinion polls of the elderly have priority. The purpose of this study was to assess the satisfaction of the elderly with the media. For this descriptive cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was used and the statistical population of this nursing home of Ebrahim Abad, Arak, was selected with 121 people, all of which were considered, but of this number Only 65 completed questionnaires have been completed, and the rest have not been collaborating with Ferretti and Disease. The validity of this information was 0.71 based on Cronbach's alpha, which confirmed the validity of these statistics. Observations and findings indicate that there is only a TV in this nursery that is lit up at a specific time and other media are available to one or two people. Therefore, the findings of this study are only true for the image of the Islamic Republic of Iran. To measure the satisfaction of the elderly from indicators 1 - Life expectancy 2 - Forgetting hardship 3 - Escaping from yourself 4 - Joy and joy 5 - Encouraging exercise 6 - Communication with others 7 - Participation and 8 - Good news, used to be the worst encouragement It was a sport that showed very little satisfaction, and the funny programs were the highest, which is still in normal condition, which is negatively skewed by eliminating the middle class. The indexes are the expectations of the media based on the research literature, which is based on the findings of the research, the average satisfaction of the elderly in the 5-degree Likert level; life expectancy 2.37 oblivion of hardship 2.63 escape from itself 2.45 joy and joy 2.68 encouragement of sports 1.55 communication With others 2.55 Participation 2.44 The good news is 2.32, none of which has a positive skewnery of close to 5, and is close to 2.5, which if they are eliminated moderately or considerably, they will all be negatively skewed. In total, the average media satisfaction of 2.37 out of 5 is indicative of the rejection of the descriptive hypothesis of this study entitled "Elderly Satisfying Media Plans".

In this article, the nature, definitions and relationship between creativity and innovation are examined and strategies for its development in public relations are studied through documentary methods. Far from creativity and innovation, public relations is introduced in this article as an institution without dynamism and caught in the problems caused by everyday life. The purpose of writing is the pathology of the growth of creativity and innovation in a scientific and practical way in public relations. In this research, different types of creativity and innovation in public relations are extracted and the work areas and tasks of this communication institution under the influence of creative and innovative mind are introduced. The role of managers in the creativity and innovation of public relations agents, along with suggestions for managers' behaviors in this regard, is one of the findings of this article. The present article insists on the individual and psychological role of the public relations agent in creating creative and innovative thinking in himself and introduces individual and psychological barriers along with social barriers as the most important barriers to the growth and flourishing of creativity and innovation in public relations. The role of creative and innovative thinking in the implementation of various techniques with the aim of preparing, organizing and implementing a coherent and successful public relations program is also examined in this article.

change more severe than normal and threatening surprise are among the criteria for defining crisis. The first step in crisis management is to identify the areas of crisis and gather information on the areas of formation or possibility of crisis, which requires realism rather than optimism. The occurrence of crisis in societies and organizations can be a function of special conditions, emergency and deviation from the planned plans. However, it is usually possible to identify critical points by regularly analyzing the systems and act to blind them. In addition, thinking before the occurrence of the incident and creating a crisis room and selecting the desired human forces can be a way forward and a solution maker when there is a problem. Every time a crisis arises in organizations, it is public relations that takes control and guidance of news and public opinion by providing information and responding, in order to overcome existing crises and bring the organization to its main goal, which is development in different dimensions, through the creation of understanding.

The present research was conducted in order to explain the relationship between media law and human rights and to identify its requirements, obstacles and necessities. For this aim, it was studied documents and sources, the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran and international human rights treaties, principles related to media law and freedom of speech in the Constitution of Iran. In this regard, the requirements of media rights include: comprehensiveness between rights and ranges; generality and media-oriented; Emphasis was placed on union and civil supervision, and compliance with the principles of law writing. And the most important obstacles to freedom of speech in the media were in four fields including: organizational structure; limitation of financial resources; hardware problems; and government interference in media news. According to the findings, the right to freedom of speech has always been recognized for the people both in the Constitution of Iran and in the way of the Prophet of Islam and Imam Ali, and there is for the media, as representatives of public opinion and the fourth pillar of democracy.