فصلنامه مطالعات روان شناسی ورزشی
پیاپی 42 (زمستان 1401)

The present study was designed to investigate the factors affecting the improvement of sports leisure with emphasis on the Iranian-Islamic model. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection method, which was conducted in the field. The statistical population of the study was all citizens of Shiraz who regularly participated in physical and sports activities of ordinary leisure in public places, parks, parks, etc., but unfortunately the exact number of them was not available. Therefore, according to the Cochran's formula in the conditions of uncertainty of the population size, 384 people were identified as the research sample. The sampling method in this study was available in cluster form based on geographical areas. Data collection tools in the present study included a researcher-made questionnaire. This questionnaire has 21 questions. The statistical method used in the present study included exploratory factor analysis. To analyze the data of the present study, SPSS software version 20 was used. The present study showed that after the studies, the factors affecting the improvement of sports leisure improvement with emphasis on the Iranian-Islamic model were classified into four categories including technical factors, social factors, psycho-physical factors and anthropological factors.

The present study was designed and conducted to investigate the study of intimacy and social adjustment on the psychological security of professional football athletes. This research is applied research in terms of purpose and field implementation method and descriptive-correlation in terms of analysis. The statistical population of this study consisted of Iranian professional football players. The instrument of the present study was a standard questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data of the present study. In the descriptive statistics section, the mean and standard deviation were used. In the inferential test section, K-S statistics were used to determine the status of research data distribution. Structural equation test was also used to evaluate the research model. The whole process of data analysis was performed in SPSS and PLS software. According to the results of the study, it was found that the effect of intimacy on psychological security (effect = 0.195, significance level = 0.001) has a significant effect in a positive direction. The results also showed that the effect of social adjustment on mental security (effect = 0.723, significance level = 0.001) has a significant effect in a positive direction. Thus, intimacy and social adjustment play an important role in improving the psychological security of professional football athletes.

The present study was designed to provide a model of factors affecting the development of sustainable behaviors regarding student sports participation. The present study was a mixed research that was conducted in qualitative and quantitative methods. In the qualitative part of the statistical sample, 13 experts were aware of the research topic. The statistical population of the quantitative part of the present study was all primary school students in Tehran, which due to the unlimited number of population; 384 people were identified as the research sample. The tools of the present study included a researcher-made interview and a 31-item questionnaire. The validity of this questionnaire was reviewed and confirmed by the opinions of some university professors. The reliability of this questionnaire was 0.88. In order to analyze the data of the present study, SPSS and PLS software were used. The results showed that 31 characteristics were extracted through interviews that these characteristics were classified into 5 factors including attitudinal, behavioral, technical, cultural and environmental factors. In other words, in order to create sustainable behaviors regarding sports participation, special attention should be paid to the identified factors.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of reality therapy on Judo athletes’ emotion regulation and self-control. It was quasi-experimental one and the design of the study was pre-test post-test. For this purpose, 50 Judo athletes ranging 18-25 years were selected by complete enumeration sampling method and were randomly assigned to experimental group (n=25) and control group (n=25). To elicit data, Emotion Regulation of Garnefski et al (2001) and Emotion-control of Tangney et al (2004) questionnaires were exploited. The results of repeated measures multivariate analysis of covariance (MANOVA) revealed that experimental group outperformed significantly than control group in terms of emotion regulation and self-control. The findings of the study verified the efficacy of reality therapy. Regarding the results, it seems that training reality therapy concepts can enhance emotion regulation and self-control to achieve sports success.

The aim of this study was to identify the psychological consequences of health crises in the lifestyle of athletes (Case study: Corona virus epidemic). The type of research is applied and in terms of data collection method is descriptive-survey and based on the research approach, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). To extract the variables, the results were identified using a seven-step method of hybrid Sandlowski and Barroso. Data were analyzed in Mikmak software. The results showed that the most important psychological consequences of health crises affecting the lifestyle of athletes in this study, respectively, related to depression, anxiety, anger, obsession, insomnia, stress, impatience, limitations in family relationships. Teammates and coaches and the fear of spreading the disease to others.

The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between fan motivations and Alexithymic personality in Iranian Premier League fans. The statistical population includes the fans of Khorasan Shahre Khodro Club who have cheered on the team in the 28th week game of the National Football Premier League against Saipa. Two standard questionnaires were used to collect data. In order to confirm the reliability of the questionnaire, Cronbach's alpha test and to confirm the validity of sports psychologists were used. The results show that the mean score of fan motivation and all its components indicate unfavorable and the mean score of Alexithymia and all its components indicate favorable status. It was also found that there is a significant priority among the components of fan motivation, the most important priority is "opportunism" and the components of "interaction with others", "supporter" and "aestheticism" are in the second to fourth priorities and also there is a significant priority among the components of Alexithymia, the most important priority is "difficulty in recognizing feelings", and the components of "having external thinking", "difficulty in expressing feelings" are in the second and third priorities. Also, it was found that there is a positive and significant relationship between fan motivations and components of supporter and opportunism with Alexithymia (P<0.05) and there is no significant relationship between the aesthetics and interaction with others with Alexithymia. Finally, research model was confirmed. The results indicate that fan motivations for the presence of them in stadiums can affect their Alexithymic behavior.

Adolescents with autism spectrum disorder exhibit a variety of aggressive behaviors such as physical and verbal aggression. Despite the growing prevalence of this disorder, research on horse therapy is limited for these individuals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of eight weeks of horse therapy on the types of aggression in ASD adolescents using The Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression – Reactive/ Proactive (C- SHARP). For this purpose, 24 adolescents with autism spectrum disorder participated in the present study using the available sampling method. Then, based on the variables of age, gender and the degree of disorder in autism, they were matched in an experimental group (n = 12) and a control group (n = 12). Each participant in the experimental group was individually treated by a trainer for eight weeks (five days in week). Changes in aggression were assessed through The Children's Scale of Hostility and Aggression – Reactive/ Proactive (C- SHARP). The results showed that the horse therapy training program had a significant effect on improving and reducing the aggressive behaviors of the experimental group compared to the control group (p <0.05). Thus, with appropriate intervention, this group of people have the opportunity to express their emotions, emotions through appropriate treatment, in a social way, so they show less aggression. As a result, horse therapy interventions can be used as an effective way to control the aggressive behavior of adolescents with ASD.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between The Relationship between Dark Triad Traits and Harmful Online Games of Teens at the National Level with the mediating role of game motivation and type. In this case, the statistical population included all adolescent students aged from 12 to 17 years with experience in participating in computer games until the year 1400 (Iranian calendar). Among them, 458 questionnaires had the necessary criteria for statistical analysis(290 boys and 168 girls). problematic online game, standard dark personality triad, The game motivation and game type questionnaire were considered to measure the four variables of the study. In order to analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and modeling with path analysis approach were used. The results showed that online game motivation mediates the relationship between dark character trilogy and Harmful online games in teens at the national level. The model fit index also indicated the optimal fit of the research model. Based on the results of this study, it is suggested that since online games are an important tool for teens to spend their free time, parents should consider the development of their personality traits and motivation with harmful online games.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version body and fitness-related self-conscious emotion questionnaire (BSE-FIT).

The statistical population of this study consisted of students of Arak University. 473 male participants from Arak University were selected by convenience sampling method and completed a body and fitness-related self-conscious emotion questionnaire. Data were analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis based on the structural equation model, composite reliability, average variance extracted, and convergent and discriminant validity.

The results of the confirmatory factor analysis showed that question one, as a clear indicator of shame, was removed due to its low factor loading. Once it was removed, there are sufficient fit indices for the four initial proposed factors.

These findings provided evidence for the validity and reliability of the 15 questions of this tool.

In this research we examined the mediational role of emotion regulation in the relationship between personality traits and motivation for participation in sport in employees. In this cross-sectional study, 261 employees of Oil Company (98 male) participated and completed questionnaires of big five factors of personality (Costa and McGree, 1989), cognitive emotion regulation (Garnowski and Craig, 2006) and motivation for sport participation (Gill et al., 1983). Data were analyzed by structural equation modeling. The results indicate that extraversion and openness, in addition to having a direct effect on the motivation of sports participation, indirectly affect the motivation of sports participation through the mediating role of emotion regulation strategies. Agreeableness was also positively related to motivation for participation in sport via increased adaptive emotion regulation/decreased maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Finally, neuroticism was positively related to motivation for participation in sport, through increased maladaptive emotion regulation/decreased adaptive emotion regulation strategies. The study reveled the mediational role of emotion regulation for personality traits and their association with motivation for participation in sport in employees.

Having a health-oriented lifestyle is very important for athletes to increase their success. The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of impulsivity in the relationship between psychological hardiness and health-oriented lifestyle in women athletes. The present study was a descriptive-correlational modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of the present study included all female athletes in Semnan sports clubs in 1399. By available sampling method, 182 people were selected to participate in this study. Data collection tools included Kobasa (1982) Psychological Hardness Questionnaire, Barratt et al. (1997) Impulsivity Questionnaire, and Walker et al.'s (1995) Health Promoting Life Style Questionnaire. Pearson correlation coefficient and path analysis were used to analyze the data using SPSS and Amos software. The results showed that the correlation coefficient between psychological hardiness and impulsivity with health-promoting behaviors was significant at the level of 0.01. Impulsivity also had a mediating role in the relationship between psychological hardiness and health-promoting behaviors (P <0.05). Based on the findings of this study, experts in the field of sports can design the necessary interventions to correct psychological hardiness and impulsivity in athletes and thus help them to achieve to a health-oriented lifestyle.Keywords: Health-oriented lifestyle, hardiness, impulsivity, athlete

The purpose of the current research was to determine the Psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Questionnaire of Attitudes towards Doping in Fitness (QAD-Fit). For this purpose, 190 female athletes (76 people) with an average age of 26.92 ± 6.53 and men (114 people) with an average age of 28.72 ± 6.9, semi-skilled in Semnan city completed the questionnaire online. After the translation-re-translation technique and confirmation of the face validity of the questionnaire by three experts, the initial pilot of the questionnaire was done to fix minor problems. In order to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis based on the structural equation model, the internal consistency of the questionnaire using Cronbach's alpha coefficient and its stability using the correlation coefficient using test-retest were used. The results in the reliability estimation of the questionnaire factors showed that the alpha coefficient for the whole questionnaire with 16 questions was 0.83 and the internal consistency of other subscales of the questionnaire, which includes intentions, attitudes, mental norms and beliefs, was 0.82 respectively. , it was 0.8, 0.84, 0.82 and 0.83, which is acceptable. In examining the temporal reliability, the results of the intraclass correlation coefficient in all subscales and the overall score of the questionnaire have been evaluated favorably. Therefore, it can be stated that the Persian version of the Doping Attitude Questionnaire in Physical Fitness is considered a valid and reliable tool to evaluate the attitude towards doping in physical fitness of athletes.