نشریه پژوهش های کاربردی در علوم رفتاری
پیاپی 50 (زمستان 1400)

The entire world has been influenced by the effects and consequences of Covid-19 Pandemic. Investigating effective factors on its psychological dimension can help reduce the anxiety caused by epidemic. The aim of this study was to predict Corona disease anxiety based on spiritual health and family function. From all of the employees and students in the Islamic Azad University, West Tehran branch 204 persons were selected randomly in 2020-2021academic year. Subjects completed Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Family Assessment Device (FAD), and Spiritual Health Questionnaire (SHQ). Results of stepwise regression analysis revealed that existential health, family function and religious health could explain 29/5% variation of physical symptom of corona disease anxiety (P<0/05). Also, religious health and family function could explain 14% variation of psychological symptom of Corona disease anxiety. Thus, results of the present study in addition to expanding the research literature highlight the role of spiritual health and family performance, and the necessity of paying attention to these factors in management policy and planning to control psychological consequences of the epidemic.

This study was conducted to determine compassion therapy based on mindfulness of affective capital in elderly women. The current research is of an applied type, which was conducted semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, follow-up, and control group in 2019. The statistical population included all elderly women 60 to 75 in Tehran (mean age: 64.74). Among the statistical population, 36 elderly women were invited to participate in this research using the available sampling with the necessary criteria. Among the recruited people, 36 agreed and were randomly and equally placed in two experimental and control groups. Due to the exclusion of sample people during the research (such as lack of interest in continuing participation), 32 elderly women were included until the end of the study. The intervention group received mindfulness-based compassion therapy for eight weeks and one weekly session. Meanwhile, the control group did not receive any intervention. Elderly women completed the affective capital questionnaire to evaluate the dependent variable in the pre-test, post-test, and intervention follow-up periods. Levene's test, Mauchly's sphericity test, Bonferroni Test, and Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance were used to analyze the data. The results showed that the mean of affective capital of the intervention group improved after mindfulness training. Also, the mean of affective capital between the intervention and control groups was significantly different (p<0.05). This intervention showed new horizons in psychological interventions and can also be used to improve affective capital of elderly women.

The aim of this study was to model the structural equations of emotional divorce based on early maladaptive schemas, marital boredom mediated by emotion regulation in married women in Tehran. The present study was descriptive, correlational and structural equation modeling. The statistical population of this research was all married women in Tehran. From among the statistical population a total of 200 married women living in Tehran were selected by available sampling method from the counseling centers of friends and counselors of the Association for the Protection of Children's Rights online (due to the presence of the Corona virus).There search instruments were emotional divorce questionnaire(EDQ), maladaptive schemas questionnaire(YSQ-SF2), marital boredom scale (CBM) and emotion regulation scale (ERS). All analyses were performed using SPSS26 and AMOS24 softwares. Bootstrap method in MACRO program was used to analyze the intermediary relationships. The results of direct relationships between research variables showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between cut and rejection, excessive listening and inhibition, and marital boredom with emotional divorce. Also, maladaptive schemas and marital boredom, in addition to a direct effect through emotion regulation, have a positive and significant indirect effect on emotional divorce. A conclusion can be drawn based on the findings of the research that emotion regulation as a mediating variable could explain the relationship between maladaptive schemas and marital boredom.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral interventions on Test anxiety, general health and corona anxiety among of university entrance examination candidates in Tehran. The study design was a semi-experimental design, pre-test-post-test with a control group. Participants were 30 individual which randomly assigned into experimental group (15 participant) and control group (15 participant). The experimental groupparticipated in cognitive-behavioral therapy for 8 sessions of 90 minutes. The research tools included Test anxiety Questionnaires (Friedman and Jacob, 1975), General health Questionnaire (Goldberg and Hiller, 1979) and corona anxiety (Alipour and Vadigran, 2020). The data was analyzed using repeated covariance analysis using SPSS software. The findings showed that the average scores of exam anxiety, general health and corona anxiety were different in the two experimental and control groups and indicated the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral intervention training in reducing exam anxiety and corona anxiety and increasing the general health of entrance exam candidates (0.05) >P

The epidemic of the Covid-19 and the resulting quarantine made distance learning the norm. Apart from the issue of access to smart facilities, there is little research evidence in this field that shows the difficulties of distance learning for children and adolescents with ADHD. Therefore, the current study investigated the behavioral and academic problems related to distance learning for children with ADHD. This research was a causalcomparative study. Ninety-six children with ADHD and 150 healthy children were selected through purposeful sampling with the ADHD screening questionnaire and structured clinical interview. Considering the conditions of online learning and comparing it with face-to-face learning, they were evaluated through the behavioral problems checklist, academic problems questionnaire, and academic motivation questionnaire. The results of multivariate variance analysis showed that the two groups had significant differences in behavioral and academic problems and motivation. Parents of children with ADHD reported more behavioral, academic, and motivational problems than parents of healthy children regarding online learning. Children with ADHD especially showed higher concentration problems and lower follow-through and motivation. These findings suggest that distance learning is not equally beneficial for all students and that those with behavioral disorders such as ADHD may not be able to benefit from this method. Therefore, it is important and necessary to identify behavioral and academic problems related to it for children with ADHD in order to find solutions to help them better. 

People with diabetes face psychological challenges. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to treatments based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness in this field. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of commitment and acceptance based cognitive therapy on cognitive flexibility of patients with type 2 diabetes. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a witness group. The statistical population of the current study was all type 2 diabetic patients who referred to Maternal Diabetes Center, Tubi Specialized and Subspecialized Clinic, and Mostafavian Clinic in Sari city in 2018-2019. 30 people were selected as a sample by purposive sampling method. Simple randomization was performed in two experimental (15 people) and control (15 people) groups. Dennis and Vanderwaal (2010) cognitive flexibility scale were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation) and multivariate covariance analysis and post hoc test were used to analyze the research data. The results showed that treatment based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness are effective on distress tolerance and cognitive flexibility of patients with type 2 diabetes at a significance level of P<0.01. Also, there is no significant difference between this type of treatment. Considering the effectiveness of treatments based on commitment and acceptance and cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on cognitive flexibility, it seems that this treatment can be used to reduce the psychological problems of patients with type 2 diabetes.