فصلنامه مطالعات فرهنگی و ارتباطات
پیاپی 68 (پاییز 1401)

Rapid innovations in communication technologies and the consequences of the Covid 19 epidemic for social interaction have pushed much of adolescent activity to the Internet. The increasing use of the Internet by adolescents, along with unprecedented opportunities, has also created emerging risks. The present study aimed to study the relationship between surveillance strategies and religion with various types of Internet risks. In this regard, 1806 students aged 18-13 in Yasuj city were selected by inverted random sampling technique and answered the questions of the online questionnaire. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between the variables of parental mediation strategy and the Internet use and the rate of adolescents' exposure to Internet risks. The results of structural equation analysis showed that parental enabling mediation and restrictive mediation strategies have a negative and significant correlation (r = -0.194) and (r = -0.106) with adolescents' exposure to Internet risks, respectively. Enabling mediation reduces the risks as children and adolescents use the Internet, while restrictive mediation is less successful even as adolescents use the Internet. This study shows that seek to restrict Internet use at the individual, family, and consequently macro levels has less of an impact on reducing Internet risks than empowering mediation that interacts with the child while supporting the Internet and they are trying to increase his internet literacy.

The target of this paper is to study the history of the concept of solidarity in contemporary Iran. A distinction has been made between the everyday usage of this word and its usage in social science as a term of art. Our study indicates that the word “hambastegi” was coined in the 1940s, although synonyms such as “ettefagh”(consensus), “ettehad” (unity), “taavon”(cooperation) and “baradari”(fraternity) were commonly used in the constitutional revolution and before. From these words, unity, union, cooperation and fraternity are being used frequently today. In the terminology of social science, the word “hambastegi” for solidarity has been in use from the 1960’s. The concept is mostly discernible in translations and interpretations of Durkheim’s works. There are two distinct interpretations of this concept in social science literature today. The first, mostly under the influence of French socialist tradition, parallels solidarity with cooperation and syndicalism, and believes it could be achieved through the participation of every citizen in society. The second interpretation is under the influence of American conservative sociology that views solidarity in terms of conformity with the existing order.

To manage the brain drain phenomenon, paying attention to the special role of institutions influencing an institutional framework, promises a new approach to dynamic analyzes of social phenomena. The institutional structure of each country effectively influences institutional qualities (efficiency and legitimacy) and institutional arrangements (centralization-decentralization). The governing institutional arrangements determine why, in some societies, the brain drain has become a social issue?The comparative evaluations focused on the impact of institutional quality and the type of institutional arrangements of elite countries on the brain drain in this paper, based on the secondary analysis of international data. The comparison of the average institutional quality of countries shows higher institutional, political, economic and legal qualities for European countries, and vice versa, for Asian countries such as Iran, we see a low average of institutional qualities. On the one hand, institutional concentration in elite countries has shaped a set of non-developmental institutional arrangements and, on the other hand, by imposing institutional constraints, has increased the output of elites from these countries and their non-return to their countries. The institutional transfer of the Iranian elite to advanced countries focuses on institutionalized institutional arrangements in the country, which, according to available data, indicates that weaknesses in the rule of law, low job security and limited economic and political freedoms are limited.

One of the significant passages through the way of understanding the women’s identity relations in contemporary Iran is the re-reading and interpretation of discourse conflicts in limiting and defining The sexuality and its connection with the intellectual and practical existence of women. To the extent that if neglected, it can deprive women of a less distorted knowledge of their status, their demands, and their social and political rights. Relying on historical and discourse analysis derived from the results of in-depth interviews with 8 women born in the sixties in Iran, this article depicts the dominant discourse forms around the signifiers of 'women and sexuality' and shows the hegemonic disputes over its meaning, with the focus on the elimination and integration of sexuality in historical moments. According to the result of this study, we concluded some broader types of action subjects within the discourse of resistance in post-revolutionary Iran (which we have here called the fluid discourse of feminism), whose subjectivity, based on the theoretical logic of this research, is the cumulative consequent of repressed demands by the dominant discourse. We have also shown how people react to this discourse in the context of their daily lives and manipulate and change it in how they use it.

The present thesis sought to address social and cultural factors affecting body management intensity in middle-aged married women and single girls in Tehran. By reviewing the views of the key thinkers on lifestyle (e.g. Bourdieu, Giddens, Veblen, and Susan Bordo), it was found that that social factors such as religiosity, socioeconomic status, marital status, and social acceptance of body management can be the main variables of this study. First theoretical and operational definitions were provided and then the research hypotheses were tested using empirical evidence. The present survey used questionnaires to collect the data. The population consisted of two hundred 35- to 46-year-old women and girls living in District 4 of Tehran Municipality selected via non-probability and quota sampling.Statistical analysis of the collected field data confirmed all research hypotheses. The higher the socioeconomic status the household enjoyed, the more intensive its body management was. The more attention the subjects paid to religion, the less attention they paid to body management. The results showed that there was a significant relationship between social acceptance of the body and body management in the subjects. They also revealed that there were no significant differences between married women and single girls with respect to body management.

The wide range of childhood and experiences from “the transition to childhood” are reproduced in child stories as one of the forms of cultural texts that have evolved along with the evolution of the concept of childhood. The main purpose of this article is to explore how to narrate the transition to childhood in the novel “Call Me Ziba”. The main premise of this research is that the novel is formed as a media content to the understanding audience from values and norms of society. In the present article, an attempt is made to answer the main question, how to narrate “the transition to childhood” descriptive-analytical manner. In this research, this novel is analyzed for its structural and content features with a narrative approach and a combination of two patterns, Génette and Barthes. In addition to exploring the narrative structure, connotation in this novel. results show; The transition from childhood in this novel is narrated in such a way that the child must quickly go through the stage of childhood and become an active member of society within the framework of social structures, but the child Looking for deconstruct. Various aspects of self-reflection, which are prominent features of individualism, are recounted in this novel. The narrative of the independent world of childhood in the form of hidden languages, special environments for children, creates a different image of childhood as a special group.

My ethnographic fieldwork research among a poor neighborhood in Tabriz, showed me that the physical environment is the main ground in which and on it, experiences and lives of this people has been shaped. The particular physical environment of the neighborhood of Malla Zeinal, with its general shape of valleys and hills, its narrow and hundred-steps alleys, moisture lands, humid and rancid homes, constitutes a physical environment which creates some of emotional patterns and some process of ill bodies and diseases. With this field-based understanding, I used anthropology of emotions and medical anthropology to grasp the practical and lived realities theoretically. The data of this research is obtained by a six-month long-term fieldwork. Through written pieces in an ethnographic style, including fieldnote excerpts and analytic commentaries, I will disclose how the physical place penetrate into the everyday experience of Malla Zeinal people and then by which the emotional culture and social relations affected.

One of the significant phenomena in the field of literature after the Islamic Revolution of Iran of 1979 is the advent of "generalization of women's writing" and the rise of elite women fiction writers, which have won significant literary awards between 1999 to 2006. A common feature that binds many of these women writers together is their unique focus on everyday life concerns. Fariba Vafi's novel "My Bird" is no exception. The work significantly highlights the central female character's challenges and dilemmas concerning everyday life. Such an approach explains why this specific story provides a major contribution in terms of "Everyday Life Studies."In this article, an attempt is made to interpret the "everyday life" represented in "My Bird" by referring to the theories of Henri Lefebvre. Furthermore, to recognize and critically analyze everyday life elements, which have been considered in this novel, Rita Felski's formulation for identifying everyday life’s concrete components (repetition, home, habit) has also been applied.

"Mental disorders", as a multifaceted phenomenon and a socio-cultural issue, is one of the most challenging subjects in cinema and television. This study intends to extract from the existing discourses in this field, the cultural approach represented in the films of the Iranian director "Hooman Seyedy". In this study, discourse analysis with "Pedam" approach is the method used for cultural representation of mental disorders. The results of this analysis show that Hooman seyedy, has chosen common features such as unusual behavior, clothing style and appearance different from the norm of society, their distrust of others and inability to interact healthy and a kind of loneliness and isolation of these people from society " for characters with mental disorders in his films as cultural characteristics to represent. The subject of "mental disorder" is portrayed as the main discourse of the films to portray the confusion of human nature in today's society.

In Iran, media policy, in addition to the main influential authorities, is also affected by the change of governments; Because one of the basic tools of any government to advance its own goals is the media. This change of governments, depending on the approach of each government, leaves different results in the adoption of actions. Political structure and will are factors that strongly influence political action in Iran. In this study, with a process approach and the interaction of structure and will on political action, the question is answered how the reformist and fundamentalist governments approached the press and social networks and the drugs and obstacles and strengths and weaknesses of governments in implementing the policies of the republic. Islamic Republic of Iran. What is. To do this, Migdal's theoretical approach was used as a strong government and a weak society. In this qualitative study, data were collected and analyzed using library and documentary and interview sources. In order to extract the components of media policy, leadership statements and to obtain the approach of reformist and principled governments, the issues raised by the presidents and ministers of culture and Islamic guidance and press deputies in the period 1376-1392 using the environmental scanning method and the contents extracted by They were coded using thematic analysis method. The findings indicate 13 components as the most basic media policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran in the field of press and social networks and 12 components as the approach of the studied governments.

Today, Iranian audiences show great interest in foreign-based Persian-broadcast media due to their use of modern techniques of persuasion. This study focuses on the increasing importance of developing a model to reabsorb the domestic audiences of IRIB’s political programming by identifying the strengths and weaknesses of current production models, and tapping into potential opportunities, while remaining wary of threats. In this study we used Non-Probability (purposive) sampling and the SWOT analysis methods through Space technique. Samples were selected from IRIB managers and university professors. Subjects with affiliation to IRIB gave high satisfaction scores to existing programming whereas those with no affiliation to IRIB gave below-average scores to the same contents. We believe this discrepancy to be a cause for concern and propose greater emphasis on audience-oriented elements and social context in IRIB’s political programming and production. Based on our findings, IRIB should take a variety of measures to persuade audiences of IRIB’s political programs; the most important of these are as follows:• Competing with rival foreign broadcasters in producing programs that are both relevant and trustworthy, • Presenting such programs using novel technical standards of TV production and content delivery,• Giving producers greater influence over the content they produce,• Modernizing IRIB’s organizational structure to cater for the tastes and interests of the broad spectrum of domestic audiences,• Enabling decentralization of production with a focus on talents and potentials of IRIB’s producers in provincial centers across the country.