نشریه مهندسی ترافیک
پیاپی 90 (پاییز 1401)

In traffic engineering, we deal with a coefficient called the coefficient of riding, which is used to convert the traffic of heavy vehicles into "rides." Buses, trucks, trailers and have a coefficient larger than one, and a bicycle and a multiplier of less than one, which is one third in the code of some countries, and one in two (half) in others. In Iran, this coefficient, like other coefficients in different branches of knowledge and technology, is based on external coefficients and regulations of other countries. In this study, the coefficient of motorcycle riding at the intersection of the lamp is calculated, and the criterion delay parameter is the comparison and calculation is. Accordingly, the coefficient of ride equals the delay created per motorbike delayed by each car in the stream involving only a single riding car. In this study, the coefficient of homogeneity for meta-cycles was obtained, with an average coefficient of 0.4. The results of descriptive statistics analysis of these several time-based groups based on vehicle type along with Zamani Kelly's headline have shown that among the mean values of different groups, two riding groups are very close in pursuit of riding and riding in the pursuit of the engine. All groups with a mean time header are larger than other types. In other words, the average riding time range for riding and motorcycle groups is significantly smaller than the average for the other three.

Pedestrians are one of the factors influencing signalized and un-signalized intersections, thus understanding pedestrian behavioral characteristics is of paramount importance and can lead to better design of pedestrian-related facilities in urban development. In this paper, the speed of pedestrians who were crossing the intersections with respect to their weight and gender was evaluated and analyzed by video recording from two signalized and two un-signalized intersections in Rasht for 15 hours and obtaining statistical data from 2423 pedestrians. The results have shown that the most amount of average speed and the 15th percentile speed is related to males while groupal movements in all of the conditions have crossed the intersections with lower speeds and the lowest average speed and the 15th percentile speed is related to them. The entire pedestrians included men, women and the grouped pedestrians will cross the street faster in un-signalized intersections than the signalized ones. The crossing speed difference have statistical meaning in safety level of 95% in light and normal weight groups for men while the crossing speed difference of women with 95% safety level, relates to all of the weight classes in terms of statistics.

In this paper, we propose a single camera-based driver assistance system for blind spots that is selfsupervised and learn without labeled data. The proposed system is developed based on deep neural network and uses gray scale image and optical flow as input. The strength of this paper compared to similar articles is the processing of image sequence information to assess the risk of accident due to moving objects in blind spots. In this paper, based on detection and tracking of the required objects, the existence of vehicles and its relative speed are estimated and the accident can be predicted for the blind spots of the car. The fusion of image with optical flow and features extracted using a deep neural network has increased robustness of the proposed system. In the proposed application of the article, the camera is mounted on the side mirror of the vehicle and is estimated to have a 60% accuracy, the risk of accidentally turning on the sides or changing lanes.

The increasing growth of traffic on urban roads and the excessive attention to the design of cars on roads have reduced the role of pedestrians and cyclists and increased the number of accidents on local streets. Thus, traffic engineers and urban planners can take a long step toward improving the comfort and quality of life in neighborhoods and human-centered cities by developing and designing roads based on increasing the safety of pedestrians and cyclists. Traffic calming can be set as strategies that can be effective in achieving the above goals. In this study, one local area without traffic calming is selected, and then using the PTV Vissim Microsimulation model, we evaluate narrowing and traffic circle performance on it. Simulation results show us narrwong is better than traffic circle because of greater impact on deceleration, less emission and fuel consumption.

Reading license plate has applicable role in intelligent transportation system. In law enforcement systems and electronic toll collection systems, if reading license plate does not correctly done, then negative feedback from drivers can be provided. There is some reason for no detection of license plate like: low resolution license plate and small license plate because of distance. To overcome this drawback, the goal of this paper is to increase resolution of license plate image. Super resolution can be cheap software solution. In this paper based on image processing and intelligent training, novel methods for image super resolution are compared to select the best one for license plate image super resolution. Input is a low resolution image and output is higher resolution image correspond with low resolution image. These methods, with the help of many low resolution and high resolution images, enables the ability to increase license plate reader accuracy under low resolution conditions.

Today, roundabouts are one of the safest and most used intersections in the world, which are designed and implemented according to different traffic conditions. The roundabout capacity is influenced by different factors such as geometry. There are different methods for calculating roundabout capacity, which today simulation is used as an acceptable one. The Aimsun simulating software as a microscopic software is used to analyze traffic networks. In this research, this software is used to simulate the geometry of the Azadi Square in Isfahan. According to the results obtained from the software outputs and the implementation of the original model with real conditions, various geometric design options have been proposed to increase the roundabout capacity. Then, delay time, travel time, density and speed were selected as criteria for comparison of options using analytical hierarchi process (AHP). According to the results, the non-level intersection variant in the east-west direction while retaining the roundabout, were selected as the preferred variant.

Compared to other modes of transportation, urban rail systems are more efficient and reduce greenhouse gas emissions due to savings in fossil fuel consumption, and today, due to traffic problems and air pollution Cities are considered a priority, but the implementation of urban rail projects, especially the metro, requires huge budgets, so all opportunities should be used to secure the desired budget in advancing the programs. In line with the sustainable development of countries and the management of greenhouse gas emissions at the global level, opportunities are provided for the development of environmentally friendly projects in developing countries, and according to the information of the United Nations Climate Change Convention as a reference, until September In 2019, only in the transportation sector, 30 projects from different countries, from a minimum of 239 tons to a maximum of 536,000 tons, have registered a reduction in annual emissions and have benefited from the benefits of these opportunities, with the aim of introducing sustainable development mechanisms and the Green Fund and Also, the case study of Tehran's long-term metro network in terms of the potential of this network compared to the registered projects of the United Nations Climate Change Convention has been considered in this research.

Traffic issues, negative environmental impacts and performances have caused more attention to be focused on Transportation System Management (TSM) approaches. TSM short-run approaches evaluate and analyses responses of passengers to changes in elements of system which are effective in passengers` mode choices. One of the effective strategies to increase transit ridership is creating changes in travel time of public transport to make it more attractive to passengers. In this paper, Sensitivity analysis of modal shares due to changes in bus travel time changes, for work trips in Mashhad is investigated. Investigating various scenarios for transit travel time results show that passengers are more sensitive to changes in out-of-vehicle (such as waiting time) travel time rather than in-vehicle travel time. Results indicate that building a transit system with appropriate headways and less out of vehicle times could be more effective in increasing transit ridership than building a rapid transit system without appropriate headway.