نشریه برنامه ریزی توسعه شهری و منطقه ای
پیاپی 24 (بهار 1402)

One of the practical issues leading to the success or failure of tourism development plans is the type of rationality that dominates the country’s planning system in each era and the corresponding planning theory. This article has been compiled to analyze the position of rationality in planning as an epistemological framework in Iran’s strategic tourism development plan. This research’s conceptual framework of rationality is based on Alexander’s Rationality Model (2000) and the new approaches to tourism planning. The philosophical paradigm of the study is based on interpretive epistemology, and its methodology is based on qualitative research. Archival Studies and Thematic Analysis methods have been used for gathering and analyzing data in this research. The study’s statistical population for the content analysis comprises the qualitative texts of Iran’s strategic tourism development plan. The findings of this research indicate that, for the first time, coordinative rationality has become dominant in Iran’s strategic tourism development plan (Approved in 2020). The components of rationality were recognized, and the share of each type of rationality was outlined by analyzing 85 themes and thematic networks in the strategic plan in this research.

Social sustainability to respond to the cities’ social problems and issues and as an efficient dimension in achieving sustainable urban development is a discourse that urban researchers have highly regarded in the last two decades, and researchers have looked at it with different dimensions of the urban built environment. The critical issue is the lack of comprehensive and systematic research in urban built environments, policies and plans. Therefore, the purpose of this study is a meta-synthesis review of selected sources to clarify the dimensions of social sustainability in these areas. Four categories of urban form, policies and plans, dimensions and features and the main areas of social sustainability have been identified by data coding using the MAXQDA software to achieve this goal. By understanding and explaining the stated categories, the results of the studies are presented in a framework of social sustainability, including conceptualization, policy-making and action in the urban built environment. Each dimension enters democracy-based, participation-based, and ideology-based discourses in a more remarkable synthesis. A deep understanding of the results provides a basis for future studies to conduct further studies in each proposed discourse and link them more effectively to social sustainability.

As the most well-known local authorities, mayors hold several roles that vary depending on different countries’ urban planning and management systems. The role and power of the mayor can be examined from two aspects of power on paper and power in practice. Thus, recognizing the mayor’s role and power requires recognizing the official and legal function and authority and how this role and power is perceived in practice. This research examines the role and power of Tehran’s mayor from two aspects: power on paper and power in practice. This study uses a quantitative-qualitative method to explain the concept of power on paper by examining the relevant laws and legislation. To analyze the mayor’s power in practice, the citizens’ perceptions were studied through surveys, and the city administrators’ perceptions were analyzed through semi-structured interviews. This research uses the inductive content analysis method for data analysis. The findings indicate that the mayor of Tehran holds political, executive, ceremonial and facilitating roles, and the legal power of such functions has been gradually weakened and curtailed (on paper). Furthermore, the mayor’s power in practice does not correspond to that outlined on paper and mayors with personal brand and political support act beyond the bounds of the law.

Nowadays, in residential spaces, due to the architects' lack of attention to the components of sensory perception of residents and the lack of attention to the effect of the senses on their perception process, we are witnessing the deterioration of the quality of life and the unfavorable satisfaction of residents in their place of residence. Due to the fact that phenomenological attitudes in the field of residential spaces have received less attention from researchers, this research has taken advantage of Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological perspective and the theories derived from it, and it aims to provide strategies to improve the quality of sensory perception of residents of residential spaces. This study is from the perspective of descriptive-analytical and survey methodology. It is done through questionnaires, and its statistical population is 50 experts in architecture. The SmartPLS 2.0 software is used to determine the validity of questionnaires, and the Friedman test is used in the SPSS software to prioritize data. The findings indicate that vernacular materials creating a memorable feeling with a T-statistic value of 3.47, flexibility and fluidity of the space with a T-statistic value of 3.44 and the use of symbols and signs with a T-statistic value of 3.12 have the most significant effect on improving the quality of sensory perception of residents of living spaces, which is explained in detail.

Irregularity and disturbance in facades’ materials, facades’ form and style, openings’ number and form, billboard advertisements, and extensions to facades have distanced the landscape of modern cities from the ideal Islamic model. The damages to the facades and their insecurity necessitate carefully examining the conformity of the facades’ condition with the expectations of Islamic jurisprudence. This qualitative research tries to pathologize urban landscape and facade policies through library studies, content analysis of Shia jurisprudence texts, and field observations. Assessing the conformity of the policies governing urban landscaping with Shia jurisprudence is the primary purpose of this research, and by referring to the rules of the sanctity of emulating outsiders, the rule of prohibition of detriment, the rule of destruction, and the rule of respecting human rights and avoiding aristocracy, it criticizes and analyzes the pathology of urban facades. This article concludes that a committee of experts in facade design, urban landscape, and jurisprudential rules should examine the conformity of facade designs and patterns with the jurisprudential rules and the ethical rules of the urban landscape. At the undergraduate level, it is essential to teach construction supervisors the policies of jurisprudence governing the urban landscape. Furthermore, due to its characteristics, each of the materials may conflict with some jurisprudential rules, which require facade designers to provide patterns in accordance with the ethics of landscaping and the jurisprudence rules.

A successful urban space has a wide range of subjective and objective components, and paying attention to physical indicators plays a decisive role in creating a "successful" place. One of its strategies is the development of pedestrian zones in cities. This research has been carried out in search of the answer to what factors can contribute to the success of pedestrianization projects and place development. This article deals with the comparative analysis of the pedestrianization project of two streets leading to the central square of Hamedan City before and after implementation to investigate the qualitative and quantitative components of the place. The research method combines qualitative and quantitative methods, and observations, interviews, and questionnaires are used to collect information, along with library and documentary studies. The research findings indicate that in this case study, unlike sociability, the three indicators of accessibility, uses and activities, comfort and mental image creation have not improved much. In addition to that, there is a strong relationship between interconnectedness and sociability. Furthermore, improving the quality of the place cannot be done in a one-dimensional way and with a narrow view of specific components. It requires that pedestrianization projects are implemented considering all the components.