فصلنامه پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهری
پیاپی 51 (زمستان 1401)

The expansion of urbanization and the specific issues and problems of urban life, it is necessary to pay attention to the comprehensive and beneficial strategies for optimization the life of the inhabitants of the cities. In this regard, the concept of urban prosperity is considered as a broad conceptual framework in the field of human and social welfare development measurement, which includes 5 dimensions of productivity, quality of life, infrastructure, social justice and environmental sustainability. The main purpose of this study is to evaluate urban prosperity in the four regions of Ardabil. This research is applied theory in terms of purpose, and analytical description in terms of nature and method. To achieve the research goal, the 5 main criteria of urban prosperity index are used in the form of 55 sub-criteria. The information and data required in this research have been collected using library resources and statistics of 2016. For analysis, first the data is standardized and then the network analysis process (ANP) is used to weight each of the indicators. Finally, using the Prometheus model, urban prosperity has been scored for each of the four districts of Ardabil. Research results shows districts 1 and 2 of Ardabil city are relatively weak and districts 3 and 4 are weak in terms of having urban prosperity index. Also, due to the concentration of facilities in the central parts of the city, from the rate of urban prosperity decreases from the city center to the outskirts in all areas. the ranking of the regions shows that regions 1 and 4 have the highest and lowest urban prosperity by scores of 50.20 and 49.77, respectively.

The issue of quality crisis in the current situation is one of the major challenges of cities and hence one of the main concerns of decision makers, implementers and users of urban environments. Architects and urban planners believe that the environment urban landscape, although attempted to play an important role in improving urban quality, does not have the appropriate approach to respond to this issue. It seems that considering the concept of landscape, which is a visual and intellectual, the appropriate approach to respond to the needs of this issue should be accompanied by a model of both. from an landscape architectural point of view, it is important to review the development process and the need of paying attention to both visual and intellectual aspects of the phenomenon in order to preserve its natural organs. The purpose of this study is to provide a coherent theoretical framework to explain the concept of landscape quality and its components using the mental model of native landscape experts of Tehran, because the green space of this city has different qualities in each region and does not follow a specific quality pattern to meet the needs of citizens. Each of the experts in this field has pointed to one of the dimensions of the process, but a comprehensive model of the dimensions has not been presented. This study is a qualitative research that has been done using the grounded theory method. In this research, first, by studying the literature, the dimension of the process are identified and in the next step, using the data interview method of the foundation, the initial codes are extracted. In the next step, the indicators extracted from the literature are integrated with the concepts obtained from the interview and using a new analytical methodology called interpretive structural modeling (ISM), the relationships between the dimensions and quality indicators of the desired space are determined and integration is analyzed. The result has led to the design of "urban landscape quality model". The research results show that the integrated landscape quality model includes six levels, which these dimensions interact with each other.

Urban creep can cause problems and changes in the area of large urban settlements and its area of influence. One of the most important problems of this phenomenon is land use change, which developers and developers use as an important tool in various national, regional and local levels. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effect of this occurrence of events. This paper examines the effects of urban creep on large settlements in Tehran (Islamshahr). In this research, the volume of 50 samples and the reliability coefficient of 0.73 was obtained, which showed the acceptable reliability. The validity of this study was confirmed through a penley of specialists and rural and urban experts and urban urban urban urban urban development. In the physical dimension, increasing the economic value of land and increasing the modalities has no effect and raising the level of transportation facilities in cities and villages in this field. In the economic and social dimension, improving economic welfare and social values of residents have the most influence and in management of change in management mechanisms and management processes and problems and problems of villages have the most impact on urban crawl. In order to have any relationship with each of the variables, Liser software, AGFI test model and Binomial order testing and Ratios testing are used. The results of the sig level in all variables, which is smaller than the alpha coefficient (0.05), concluded that environmental-physical, economic and social factors and management factors are the main factors affecting urban creep in Islamshahr.

Today, due to the increase in urban population, the physical development of cities is inevitable, and on the other hand, in order to prevent the problems of physical, social and economic development in recent decades, the smart urban growth approach has been considered as a city growth strategy. Since in the spatial development of many cities, smart growth indicators are ignored and serious damage is done to the urban environment, so this article seeks to explain the relationship between these indicators while improving the indicators of urban smart growth. Investigate the quality of urban environment in Tehran's 2nd district. The research method in this paper is based on multivariate regression analysis, the data of which were collected through 300 questionnaires at the level of Region 2. In this study, increasing the quality of urban environment has a direct and two-way relationship with the growth of urban intelligence in region 2Today, due to the increase in urban population, the physical development of cities is inevitable, and on the other hand, in order to prevent the problems of physical, social and economic development in recent decades, the smart urban growth approach has been considered as a city growth strategy. Since in the spatial development of many cities, smart growth indicators are ignored and serious damage is done to the urban environment, so this article seeks to explain the relationship between these indicators while improving the indicators of urban smart growth. Investigate the quality of urban environment in Tehran's 2nd district. The research method in this paper is based on multivariate regression analysis, the data of which were collected through 300 questionnaires at the level of Region 2. In this study, increasing the quality of urban environment has a direct and two-way relationship with the growth of urban intelligence in region 2

With globalization and rapid changes in the world, regions have chosen the field of competitiveness to benefit from the most benefits and the least losses. To overcome this, it is important to identify competitors and regional and trans-regional potentials. For this purpose, the aim of this study is to explain the competitiveness strategies of Kermanshah province. The type of research present has been applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical research in terms of method. The data and information in the two sections were first obtained through library study and then in the field and in the form of a survey of 15 experts in urban and regional planning who have been selected in a targeted manner. Using the Kodas decision-making model, an attempt has been made to determine and examine the competitiveness of Kermanshah province among the provinces of Iran. , And then to identify competitors, to explain regional potentials and regional competitiveness strategies, the hardware software has been used. The results of the Kodas model show that out of 31 provinces in the country, only 15 have been able to compete positively. , So that Tehran, Khuzestan and Bushehr with 3.4, 2.9 and 2.17% are ranked one to three And Kermanshah is ranked 29th with a value of 1.71 And showed the results obtained from the discreet model The most important competitors in the regions of Kermanshah province are the three provinces of Khuzestan, Bushehr and Zanjan. Also, comparing the competitiveness of Kermanshah's potentials with that of Khuzestan, Bushehr and Zanjan shows the greatest success and imitation for metal mines, border crossings, customs and border markets, Kermanshah province's infrastructure facilities. And in contrast to macro-policies, social security, sanctions and relations between countries, the most important obstacles to the competitiveness of Kermanshah province have been identified

Mostly cities and communities sometimes live in places Created or built to be exposed to natural hazards Occurrence of all kinds of natural disasters or due to technological advances They are exposed to all kinds of man-made accidents. Take a look at so far There has been accident management and urban management, look more Confrontation and risk reduction. In the meantime, the concept Resilience is a new concept that is more in the face of the unknown And uncertainties are usedToday, mostly cities and settlements are created in places Or are built in terms of natural hazards to occur types Natural disasters have occurred. Hence, one of the tasks of planners Urban strives to transform the city into a peaceful, safe and healthy environment To maintain the health of the citizens living in it. accidents To be. Over the years, the world has witnessed some Unforeseen natural hazards such as the Asian tsunami, Hurricane Katrina and the Sichuan earthquake were China. Although the Some predictive tools are used, however The fact is that future risks can not be based on Evidence is predictable and, also, can not be easily Predict the state, size and location of these hazards. Therefore, increase or improve the capacity of a system for Resisting and recovering from risks is very important. Resilience in Equal to natural hazards. The concept of resilience The evolution of risk management is the present decade. Perspectives and theories of disaster management and sustainable development Seeks to create resilient communities against natural hazards.

The effective housing supply is a fundamental issue in many of today’s cities, especially in developing countries. Facing this issue, Iran has followed and implemented diverse policies concerning housing supply and the repercussions of these policies are now felt. Despite many studies conducted on the evaluation of the effects of these housing policies, there have been few investigations to compare different existing housing policies, especially in terms of occupants’ satisfaction.This study used a causal-comparative design and employed Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for the data analysis. The research instrument included a questionnaire and the sample was chosen using random sampling.In the present study, to unearth the repercussions of implementing various housing policies on meeting the needs of the target groups, three neighborhoods in Bojnurd, which have followed a differing policy, were compared and contrasted against each other. Valiasr Complex, Golestan region and Ahmadabad region represent, the policy of land and service supply, the policy of housing supply and the policy of empowerment, respectively Using Analysis of variance, we compared the perceived quality in these neighborhoods from the perspective of occupants at two levels; housing quality (8 indicators) and residential environment quality (12 indicators). Overall, Valiasr Complex has a more appropriate status in the housing and residential environment indicators and the occupants’ satisfaction was meaningfully higher, when compared with that of the occupants in other neighborhoods. The other two neighborhoods had a poor status in the residential environment quality indicators. Golestan Complex had a better status in physical indicators of housing, while Ahmadabad region had a better status in social indicators of housing. The results indicated to significant differences between indicators in the neighborhoods under investigation. . On a general level, in all the neighborhoods, the residential environment quality was less than satisfactory, when compared with the housing quality. The reason could be ascribed to the fact that the policies have prioritized housing quality indicators over residential environment ones.

This research has been conducted with the aim of "strategic analysis of tourism development of Yasuj river valleys". In this regard; Yasuj region, as a treasure trove of nature tourism and the existence of pristine natural areas and spectacular attractions, especially the rivers Bashar, Khersan, Zohreh, Maroon, Nazmakan and even the great waterfall of Yasuj, has the capacity of nature tourism with emphasis on river valley tourism.That; What are the strengths and weaknesses of the physical-spatial, economic-financial, social-cultural and managerial-legal dimensions of the development of the Yasuj River Nature Tour, and what are the opportunities and threats ahead? The most important points and questions that have been addressed in this research.The method of this research is a combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The research data were collected using library studies, interviews and field surveys. The statistical population of the study is the experts of public and public institutions of Yasuj and residents of Yasuj logic. Target selected. Data analysis is the analysis of qualitative content and the use of the SWOT method.The results of Internal Analysis (IFE) and External (EFE) Development of Yasuj Valley River Tourism Development show that 21 strength indicators and 27 weakness indicators have been identified and calculated. also; 11 opportunities and 17 threats have been identified for the development of tourism in Yasuj Valley. Generally; The set of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of the four dimensions of optimal development of river valleys in Yasuj region is 2/32 and 2/21, respectively, which is determined by drawing it in the SWOT chart. Yasuj falls into the category of defensive strategies, which, of course, are based on a combination of weaknesses and threats.

The expansion of cities and the subsequent policy of condensation has made congestion as one of the most important determinants of urban problems. The present study, with a descriptive-exploratory and survey approach, has analyzed the variations of congestion types and their spatial developments in Bijar in two time periods 2006 and 2016. Using statistical block data, trends of index changes and their distribution throughout the city have been studied. Spss, Excel, GIS software was used for statistical analysis and graphical representation of maps. According to the results, there is a direct and significant relationship between population density and building density in Bijar city. The west and northwest boundaries of the city are drawn. In 2006, about 11/10% of the total area and 24/89% of the city population were in the high density of construction area, which in 2016 amounted to 12/13% and 31/59% of the total urban area. According to the results, there is an inverse relationship between congestion and distance from downtown with decreasing congestion distance from downtown. Also, R2 coefficient showed that in year 2006 almost 60% of congestion changes were explained by variable distance from downtown but This has fallen to 95% in 2016, a decrease that reflects the more spatial distribution of neighborhood-level construction in recent times. The results of weight regression also show that three variables of land price in west and southwest, population density in north, central and southwest and distance to neighborhood center in west and southwest are the most important factors affecting The transitions are in the building density of Bijar.

Migration as one of the demographic and social phenomena has an important and critical role in urban studies in recent decades. The roots of migration and the consequences of migration for places of origin and destination are among the most important issues of interest to social researchers. This article deals with the impact of teachers' social trust and job satisfaction in Shiraz metropolis on their tendency to internal migration? The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between social trust (inter-personal) and job satisfaction with tendency to internal migration among teachers in Shiraz. The research method was a survey and the data collection tool was a standard made-up questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consisted of teachers of four districts in the academic year 2018-2019 in Shiraz, where 383 cases were estimated as sample size based on Lin table and were selected by cluster random sampling method. The validity of the instrument was assessed using face validity and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. The results showed that respondents' tendency to emigration (20.56) was lower than the average level (24). Also, the average level of teachers' social trust (16.87) is slightly over average (15). Results showed that between social trust (inter-personal), job satisfaction variables; p-value= 0.019) R=-0.123) and life satisfaction; p-value= 0.000 R= -0.202), on the one hand, and tendency to internal migration, on the other hand, there is a significant inverse relationship. There was no significant relationship between age and tendency to internal migration. There was no difference between the tendency to emigrate between men and women. Consequently, social trust (especially interpersonal trust) and satisfaction with work and life are important factors in increasing the in their areas and less tendency to the inner migration.

In today's world, cities face many challenges in the environmental, economic and social fields, and at the same time have become the main place of residence and norm. The growth of urbanization has led to an increase in the problems of cities and a warning of the instability of cities. In the last two decades, in parallel with theories of sustainable urban development, the idea of improving the quality of life, which makes cities viable, has been proposed, and therefore the ability to have viability characteristics for cities, especially large cities. Cities have become a necessity. This research is a descriptive-analytical field research according to the applied purpose and method. The statistical data are collected using a questionnaire and the statistical population of the research is citizens, managers and urban experts.The results obtained from the analysis of the regression model show that the economic factor with the number 0.525 is of the highest importance. Also, the results obtained from Pearson correlation coefficient test show the high importance of economic index and then social index in the livability of Karaj metropolis. The results of T-test in this study show that there is a significant and effective relationship between the four dimensions of economic, social, environmental and physical-aesthetic factors with urban livability and quality of life in Karaj metropolis. This research is a descriptive-analytical field research according to the applied purpose and method. The statistical data are collected using a questionnaire and the statistical population of the research is citizens, managers and urban experts.The results obtained from the analysis of the regression model show that the economic factor with the number 0.525 is of the highest importance. Also, the results obtained from Pearson correlation coefficient test show the high importance of economic index and then social index in the livability of Karaj metropolis. The results of T-test in this study show that there is a significant and effective relationship between the four dimensions of economic, social, environmental and physical-aesthetic factors with urban livability and quality of life in Karaj metropolis.

Today, urban activities, commuting, and communications at the city level have changed greatly, and these changes have been without regard to environmental conditions and the favorable human environment, so that it has provided many problems, especially for humans. . In the past, the design of roads, spaces and spatial communications has been such that special attention has been paid to humans as the main users. The pedestrian movement is considered as one of the strategies to improve the quality of the urban environment. This research has been carried out with the aim of presenting a model of urban implementation in Khorramabad city with an approach in terms of applied purpose and in terms of methodology, descriptive research based on model and software studies to achieve the goal of 20 indicators in 4 categories. It has been used through the MST Minimal Span Tree Algorithm in Matlab 2016 software environment and the Network Analyst Tools process in ArcGIS software environment has been used to spatialize the indicators. The results show that 11758591.7 square meters, ie 29.43% of the area of ​​Khorramabad city has a completely suitable condition for the construction of sidewalks. Also, the spatial analysis of Khorramabad city shows that 5 optimal routes for the development of sidewalks. This city includes 1: the distance between 22 Bahman Square, Velayat Boulevard, 60 meters from East Boulevard to Enghelab Alley, 2: Shahid Motahari St., Shariati Boulevard, Asadabadi St. and Mojahedin Islam Sq., 3: Imam Khomeini Sq. Hussein (AS) Shaghayegh Square, 4: Imam and Alavi St., Karim Khan Zand St. and 5: Baharestan Blvd.

One of the main capacities of urban physical-spatial development and organization is physical planning in the form of intermediate development. This type of development is considered by modern urban planners and management due to the redevelopment of brown lands and the rehabilitation of dysfunctional urban areas. This paper is a descriptive-analytical method for identifying and analyzing a suitable sustainable pattern of urban endogenous development for brownfield management in Tabriz. Data collection was done through field and library studies. The statistical population includes a group of urban experts who selected 30 people for the Delphi panel by snowball sampling. Data analysis also used factor analysis, multiple regression, and equilibrium interaction analysis with the help of SPSS and Scenario Wizard software. Findings showed that the correlation between "indicators of intermediate development" and "redevelopment of brown lands" is equal to 0.578. And the "managerial-political" index with a coefficient (β = 0.823) has the greatest impact on the "redevelopment of coffee lands in the metropolis of Tabriz." Also, the most important model for stabilizing the endogenous urban development and management of brown lands in the metropolis of Tabriz should be based on the government's performance in predicting the physical needs of the city in the managerial-political dimension; Management of barren and polluted industrial-industrial lands in the physical dimension; And the weakness of environmental laws in controlling polluted activities in the city in the environmental dimension. In general, the results show that planning operational strategies to strengthen the tax mechanism for brown lands and change the use and sale of such uses, can help the intermediate development of the city of Tabriz.

The present study examines urban furniture, including the influential and constructive ‎elements of the public space of Ilam city. Suitability of urban furniture (quantity and quality, ‎beauty, Comfort, durability and location and the use of appropriate colors and materials ‎suitable for the climate of the region in Urban furniture design), improves the quality of the ‎urban environment, organizing the urban space and appearance and citizens' satisfaction. ‎This research is applied in terms of purpose to achieve a theoretical-analytical model. In terms ‎of nature and method, two combined methods "descriptive-analytical" have been used. To ‎collect data and information from library studies. Field (questionnaire with ‎‏80%‏‎ reliability and ‎interview) was used.The spatial area of the research was the central area of Ilam during ‎‏1396‏‎ ‎and ‎‏1397‏‎ and from the perspective of ‎‏138‏‎ experts in the form of purposeful sampling ‎‎(available) in organizations Statistical analysis (exploratory factor analysis, structural ‎equation model, Pearson correlation and regression analysis) was used in the analysis.The ‎results of the theoretical model analysis showed that disorder and turbulence There is urban ‎furniture in different dimensions and layers of Ilam city that has a significant impact on the ‎spirits and ‎behaviors of citizens and causes citizens dissatisfaction with The results also showed that there ‎is a relationship between not paying attention to the principles of urban furniture standards ‎and creating an unbalanced and inappropriate urban structure and reducing the quality of the ‎urban landscape. Principles and foundations governing each of the elements affecting urban ‎furniture cause the organization of the environment and landscape The city and the creation ‎of a beautiful and ideal urban space were achieved.‏

Liability is one of the main foundations of sustainable development that directly affects the physical, socio-economic and psychological dimensions of people's lives and includes the acquired characteristics of the environment that make it a desirable, suitable and attractive place to live and work. Slowly The present article seeks to address the viability of Ghaemshahr city with the aim of understanding the basic situation. To achieve this goal, using a descriptive-analytical method and a researcher-made questionnaire; 383 citizens of Ghaemshahr city were evaluated by probabilistic sampling method (simple random) and the collected data were statistically analyzed using one-sample t-test analysis, Friedman test, in SPSS software. . The results show that according to the comparison of three social, economic and environmental components of Ghaemshahr, the average rank value in the social dimension is equal to 1.48, the economic dimension is equal to 1.54 and the environmental dimension is equal to 98 .2 The value of Friedman test, which is calculated based on chi-square statistics, is 551/326 and the significance level is 0.000, which shows that there is a significant difference between these three components. In the social dimension, the surface water disposal quality index in the health services index, along with all the items in the infrastructure index, have a lower than normal average, which indicates the lack of viability in the existing indicators. Also, in the economic dimension, the employment and housing index is not in a good condition and appropriate solutions should be considered by managers and stakeholders in this regard. All dimensions of the environmental index have the minimum required average, which indicates the full viability of this dimension.

Mobility, walking, and sports in today's urban spaces are at least very difficult, if not impossible. The increase in the crowded spaces often means eliminating the necessary facilities for physical activity, depriving citizens of walking and the use of adequate and suitable open spaces. Such a process endangers the physical and mental health of citizens. Parks are among the most important urban spaces in this regard. Proper design and rational distribution of these spaces affect the mobility of citizens, and it is assumed that increasing mobility has a direct impact on reducing mortality. The current research was conducted in Mashhad to examine this hypothesis regarding the use of parks and green spaces. This descriptive and analytical study was started in mid-2008 and completed in the fall of 2018 in Mashhad. The required data were collected by a questionnaire from a sample of 800 people who were divided into four different groups. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that most visits to parks occurred within a radius of 500 meters and the mortality rate of people who use the parks and have the necessary mobility in these spaces is 50% lower than others. It was also found that if immobility increases threefold, the mortality rate quadruples, and if the duration of sedentism increases from 10 minutes to 40 minutes, the risk of death doubles. Therefore, urban planners must provide and distribute green spaces in such a way that citizens have access to these centers with a minimum distance, while equipment and designs should be in a way that makes them more mobile.

The presence of all citizens in the urban space requires attention to the importance of the issue of adapting the urban furniture for the use of the disabled people. In Iran, this issue has received little attention. This makes it impossible for all people with any ability to be present in urban spaces easily. The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of satisfaction of disabled people with the adaptation of urban furniture in Tehran. In this regard, after studying library resources, using a questionnaire, and conducting interviews with experts, have assessed the level of satisfaction of people with disabilities from urban furniture and public space. the interviewees were selected using the snowball method, and to analyze the interviews, categorical content analysis was used; Most of the interviewees are disabled or active in this field. Also, a questionnaire was designed to be aware of the problems of urban furniture in Tehran and provided to people with disabilities. The number of respondents to the questionnaires was 81. the information was analyzed using SPSS software. The results show that the level of satisfaction of disabled people with urban furniture is low in the studied indicators and almost no subject is complete satisfaction satisfied by the disabled. Using solutions such as equipping transportation stations with ramps and elevators, designing urban furniture for the use of disabled people, proper placement of urban furniture, locating sensory and audio panels at intersections, removing barriers; Can help increase the level of satisfaction of disabled people.

Urban public spaces were one of the most important types of urban spaces. Areas that citizens of all walks of life, age, race and class have the right to use without any restrictions. The quantitative evaluation of public spaces, leveling, analysis, distribution and distribution of public spaces in the neighborhoods of districts of the city of Deh-Tehran revealed. The research is a descriptive-analytic one. The population under study is the total population of the Deh-Metropolitan Area of Tehran with 818 hectares, three districts and 10 neighborhoods. The method of data collection is library based. The required information has been collected from the latest detailed plan of Deh-Tehran based on the population and housing census of 2016. Evaluation of public spaces of Deh-Tehran neighborhoods has been done by 5 main indicators and 5 sub-indices. The results were analyzed using Shannon entropy model TOPSIS and GIS and SPSS software. Accordingly, each of the neighborhoods of Deh-Tehran is ranked and ranked according to the desired indices. The results are presented in tables and maps as well as the level and per capita status of each public land use compared to standard per capita levels. It is calculated separately.Evaluation of public spaces of Deh-Tehran neighborhoods has been done by 5 main indicators and 5 sub-indices. The results were analyzed using Shannon entropy model TOPSIS and GIS and SPSS software. Accordingly, each of the neighborhoods of Deh-Tehran is ranked and ranked according to the desired indices. The results are presented in tables and maps as well as the level and per capita status of each public land use compared to standard per capita levels. It is calculated separately