مجله پژوهش و فناوری محیط زیست
پیاپی 12 (پاییز و زمستان 1401)

the purpose ofthisstudy was toinvestigate the effect of cyberspace and specifically social networks on the promotion of iranian environmental culture .this study was anapplied research in terms ofpurpose and exploratory mixed research design which was carriedout in two stages .in the qualitative part , semi structured interviews were used to explore and describe ideas and attitudes ofinterviewees .so , atfirst , an expert was interviewed and then data analysis was performed in three stages : open , axial and selective coding .as aresult , the open source codes were extracted in the form of axial codes of information functionality , educational and cultural performance , correlation function , promotional function , persuasive function and supervisory function .in quantitative section , among all actors of the environment in the form of ngos and virtual space activists ofiran , 217 people were selected and tested by cochran formula and randomly .aresearcher -made questionnaire was used to collect data in this section .finally , in order to investigate therelationships between variables , structural equation modeling technique was used with smart pls software .the results indicate that thevariables ofinformation function , educational and cultural function , correlation function , advertising function , persuasive function and monitoring function in promoting environmental culture of iran and cultureof environmental pollution are effective .in addition , demographic variables have moderator role in therelationship between thecomponents of cyberspace and culture of culture

Water scarcity in arid areas is a serious crisis. The most important step in using rainwater collection systems is to locate suitable areas. In this research, three methods of multivariate regression model and GIS have been used to locate the on-site and off-site rainwater collection method in Tejreh watershed. In this study, canopy, litter, rock and gravel, bare soil, CN, precipitation, slope and soil depth as independent variables and influence on in situ rainwater collection and maximum instantaneous discharge for non-in situ rainwater collection method The title of the dependent variable was considered. The multivariate regression model uses stepwise method, backward removal method, and forward method. And the standard step-by-step method, regression removal method, step-by-step method in collecting rainwater, non-in situ method have been used. The final results by matching the results of previous research show in step rainwater collection, stepwise method and between layers CN, soil, percentage of rock and gravel, and in non-in situ rainwater collection stepwise regression method Standard and among layers the percentage of litter, percentage of canopy, CN, slope, percentage of rocks and pebbles, amount of rainfall, percentage of bare soil and soil depth are known to be important in the equation. Finally, the importance of rain collection sites was divided into four classes: very good, good, medium and poor.

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effects of fire on the vegetation in Shanderman forests (Guilan province). For this purpose, 60 sampling plots of 400 m2 were taken in a random-systematic Method in the areas of burned and control. The plant species present at the level of the samples were collected and identified, and their Life forms determined based on the Runkaeir's method. The results showed that 60 plant species were identified in the studied forest, 13 species (22%) only in the fire area, 5 species (8%) only in the control area, and 42 species (70%) were observed common in the both regions. The highest frequency belonged to Rosaceae and Poaceae families. In the study of the life forms of plant elements in the burned and control area, phanerophytes and hemicryptophytes were the most present in both regions. The results of the investigation of plant biodiversity indicators showed that the values of species diversity indicators in the burned area were higher than in the control area. DCA analysis showed that the composition of the vegetation in the burned area is not significantly different from the control area. Therefore, it can be concluded that after 12 years of the fire, the vegetation composition of the area has been restored and has become the same as the control area.

In this research, in order to investigate the scope of the effect of two types of fire, Flash Fire and Jet Fire, and to determine the individual and collective risk related to the gas tanks of South Pars refineries, the quantitative risk assessment method was used using PHAST software. To obtain reproducibility for the inlet and outlet valve flange leakage scenario, all connections in the path were examined separately for each scenario and their reproducibility was calculated. The results related to the gas tanks of South Pars refineries showed that among the leaks, the leakage related to the inlet valve flange and the outlet valve flange, according to their location (close to the car parking lot and vehicle traffic road as well as the traffic route) people and buildings around it) is more important. The individual risk contour diagram is the result of the combination of two scenarios, inlet valve and outlet valve, which shows the amount of deaths per year within the specified limits. This means that the collective risk of the area under investigation is high. Considering the conditions in the South Pars Refinery in terms of regional weather conditions, wind speed and direction, prevailing wind direction, the location of the buildings in the station and its population distribution, we come to the conclusion that in the event of a leakage incident, the consequences It is in the form of release of flammable gas and two possible types of fire, Jet Fire and Flash Fire.

Catechol is one of the phenolic compounds (with chemical formula (C6H6O2) which is used as a raw material or final product of chemical, petrochemical and oil refineries. In this study, the efficiency of horseradish extract as a gross enzyme and removal of catechol from industrial wastewater was investigated. In order to study the efficiency of variable enzyme processes (20, 10, 40, ml / l), oxygenated water concentrations (0.58, 1.17, 2.35 mol / l) were evaluated for 20 minutes. The output catechol concentration of the process was measured by HPLC at a wavelength of 275 nm. The results of this study showed that with increasing the volume of oxygenated water and keeping the concentration of the enzyme constant, an increasing trend was observed at first, but after a while with a further increase in hydrogen peroxide, no significant change in efficiency was observed. For concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (0.58, 1.17, 1.78 mol / L) and hydrogen peroxide (10, 20, 40 ml / L), removal efficiencies of 45%, 60% and 80% were obtained, respectively. However, with the values of oxygenated water concentrations (1.17, 2.35, 3.53 mol / l) and fixed oxygenated water concentrations, the removal efficiency was 42%, 58% and 81%, respectively. Enzymatic treatment process as a suitable process can be used for catechol and its compounds from wastewater. To obtain the appropriate efficiency, it is better to set it in the optimal conditions under optimal conditions and add variables in the reaction.

The aim of this study is to detect and quantify the cultivated area of potato fields in Hamadan Province using remote sensing methods and a time series of satellite photos. As a result, Awifs time-series imaging was used to determine the potato cropping area. For this purpose, pictures were taken at three different times when the potato plant turned green and yellow. Processing such as preparation, atmospheric and geometric correction, vegetation index, and unsupervised classification were performed on the images using appropriate training sites for supervised classification. Following the integration of these two layers, the studied area under the cropping map was prepared using the phase classification method. Additionally, by using the vegetation indices NDVI and SAVI, the area under cropping for the three main crop yields is determined first using the threshold level technique and in three temporal intervals. The kapa coefficient for potato under cropping area determined by phase classification, NDVI, and SAVI was 90, 87, and 85%, respectively. In 1998, the potato cropping area was determined to be 38740, 36728, and 36614 acres, respectively. This study clearly shows that the phase classification method and Awif data time series can be used to recognize and estimate potato under cropping area with acceptable precision and that vegetation indices distinguish potato under cropping area faster.

One of the consequences of the developments of the world society in the last century is the development of urbanization and the focus of human communities in urban areas. The growth of population and tendency to urbanization is one of the developments of the current century, which intensified the use of resources and the production of waste. This increase in population along with the development of urbanization leads to the consumption of natural resources and as a result, it leads to production of all kinds of wastes. So, waste management in the world is becoming a big challenge in urban areas. This challenge is greater, especially in big towns. These wastes have not only entered the human ecosystem and the land of the earth, but also entered the seas and it has also left unfavorable effects on aquatic creatures. In order to keep pace with the needs of rapid economic development and continuous population growth, and also because of the vital role of waste management in preserving the environment and public health, marine waste management is one of the current priorities of societies. Disposal and accumulation of waste in the marine environment is one of the environmental threats that is increasing at a very fast pace. The purpose of this study is to review sources and collect information about the entry of plastic waste into the sea, its environmental effects and methods of marine plastic waste management.

Carbon dioxide is the most important greenhouse gas that is released in large quantities into the atmosphere. Excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is a problem for earth and increase the temperature and creates problems that affect human existence, such as severe tornadoes, storms, floods, droughts and acid rain. The largest source of outdoor CO2 is fossil fuel combustion, which are the main source of energy used to meet human energy demand now and in the near future. In recent years, nanofiber membranes have been highly regarded as pollutant adsorbents compared to conventional adsorbents, they have properties such as porous structure, high specific surface area, high penetration flux and selectivity, low pressure drop, high flexibility and targeted adsorption. So, electrospun nanofiber membranes have excellent potential for adsorption and separation of carbon dioxide from the air. In addition to the extremely high surface to volume ratio, modified electrospun nanofibers have different functional groups that improve their performance. Therefore, electrospun nanofiber membranes have excellent potential for adsorption and separation of carbon dioxide from the air

The increase of greenhouse gases and the resulting increase in temperature have caused the balance of the earth's climate system and climate changes in most areas of the earth. Therefore, adapting and dealing with climate changes in the water resources sector along with reducing their reflection should be seriously addressed as part of a comprehensive regional response to the vulnerability caused by climate change. In this study, using LARS-WG exponential microscale software and the HadCM3 oceanic atmospheric general circulation model in the form of different scenarios defined in the fourth IPCC report (basic scenarios), including scenario A1, A2, B1, B2, which are more related to regional issues. And the world is concerned from an economic and environmental point of view, the amount of temperature changes and precipitation in the next 100 years of Bashar river basin was predicted. Then the fifth report scenario (RCP) was used and the results were compared with the basic scenarios. The results showed that in both scenarios in the coming period, we will face a large increase in average air temperature, but the decrease in precipitation will not be significant. In the climate change scenario section, RCPs until the end of the 21st century indicate an increase in temperature and a decrease in precipitation in the coming years. The amount of temperature changes in RCP2.6 was estimated between 3 and 13% and in RCP8.5 between 4 and 14%; This increase in temperature on a large scale increases evaporation and prolongs drought periods.

Hydrogen sulfide is a dangerous, corrosive and flammable environmental pollutant that is generated at large scale in sour oil and gas industries. One of the sustainable strategies to remove this environmental pollutant and convert it into hydrogen clean fuel is the use of a renewable energy source (photon) and synthesis of semiconducting nanoenergy materials. To this end, in the present project, a nanostructured magnetic semiconducting MgFe2O4 compound was synthesized and applied for the production of hydrogen fuel through photocatalytic splitting of an alkaline H2S solution. The empirical evidence revealed that the synthesized material has an appropriate potency to reduce proton and produce hydrogen. Furthermore, by the synthesis of CNT/MgFe2O4 magnetic nanocomposite, the boosting effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) on the activity of the aforementioned photocatalyst was examined. A significant promotion in hydrogen production was observed in the presence of CNT and justified in terms of increasing the photocatalyst surface area, retarding the electron-hole recombination process and enhancing the photon absorption. The rate of hydrogen evolution was 1284 µmole/h per 0.2 g photocatalyst, indicating that the synthesized nanocomposite material has a high ability to remove the pollutant and produce hydrogen fuel.

Fe-BTC (benzene tricarboxylic) synthesized by ultrasonic irradiation as a novel photo catalyst was investigated for degradation of methylene blue (MB)by UV/ photo catalyst system. In this study, for the first time, a facile ultrasonic method was employed to prepare Fe-BTC. The effects of temperature (50 and 70 °C) and irradiation time (90 and 120 min) were investigated to get the optimum photo catalyst. The nanoparticles of the synthesized Fe-BTC obtained were smaller and more homogeneous than those previously reported. The synthesized Fe-BTC samples showed good photocatalytic performance. The Fe-BTC 70-120 sample has shown the highest photocatalytic activity. The enhanced photocatalytic performance was related to two important factors which are the inhibition of the recombination process of the charge carriers and also the increase in the total area of the photo catalyst. The kinetics of degradation in this study has followed Langmuir-Hinshelwood pseudo-first-order theory. The Fe-BTC70-120 sample due to smaller particles and lower electron-hole recombination showed the highest photocatalytic degradation. The results of the mechanism showed the reactivity of hydroxyl radical oxidation in methylene blue degradation. The stability test also showed the high stability of Fe-BTC70-120 sample for three cycles. Photocatalytic degradation of MB by Fe-BTC with high activity and recycling stability may provide a new choice for wastewater treatment

Today, due to the fact that non-renewable energy resources are running out and the destruction caused by the use of these resources leads to the environment; The attention of countries has been drawn towards the use of renewable resources and sustainable development. At this time, the attitude towards green architectural approaches in schools has a special place because in addition to observing the basic points of green buildings and saving energy, the existence of such schools is an educational tool for teaching sustainable practices to students. The purpose of this research is to investigate the degree of realization of the components of green schools based on the LEED standard tool with an ecological approach in the secondary schools of Semnan province for improvement. In terms of practical purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical method and rating and scoring tool, the present research is LEED in the sense of design and environmental guide. The statistical population includes all secondary schools in Semnan province. The data collection tool was a questionnaire and standard indicators, after collecting information and data from the questionnaires; The data were analyzed using Spss software version 22 and with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results showed that the LEED index for checking the improvement of suitable schools and from the point of view of having green schools and components are in the lower than average range.