نشریه دولت پژوهی ایران معاصر
سال هشتم شماره 4 (زمستان 1401)

If we consider the process of peace and peace building as a complex and long process, the consensus and implementation of sustainable peace in Afghanistan has always been troubled by special and increasing challenges and complexities. Apart from this country being the target of the goals, interests and influence of numerous internal, regional and extra-regional actors, the strong structural control stemming from the institutionalized ideas or concepts of the actors in the history of Afghanistan, making effective decisions in achieving A stable peace has faced a crisis. But the main question is why the issue of peace in Afghanistan has become an unsolvable and unattainable mystery? The purpose of the current research is to examine the mystery of peace in Afghanistan by focusing on the perceptions and mental images of the actors involved and the agency of the Pashtun people in a shaky and unstable structure of peace realization. In the mosaic context of a country like Afghanistan, the mental constructs of actors centered on elements such as ethnicity are the cause of ethnic division, internal tension, and also confusion in achieving national unity to achieve peace. In this way, it is assumed that policies based on Pashtunism in former governments have been a point of gravity in marginalizing an effective process of peace and the emergence of a false cycle of ethnic rigidity and internal conflict.

Population is considered as an effective factor in shaping the power of countries, especially in military, political and economic aspects. So that population growth in a society and country means more power of the rulers. Therefore, usually in theoretical discussions, the concept of national power is defined as the ability, ability and capacity of a country with a nation to use its own material and spiritual resources with the aim of exercising spiritual will and achieving national goals and interests, and this is where the importance of the factor comes from. The population is prominent in the production of national powerThe purpose of this research is to investigate the role of the population in the production of national power and promotion of national authority. In order to carry out this research, several methods were used, which are: the method of reviewing scientific documents and documents with a background approach and the method of content analysis with both in-depth and broad approaches. The current research is of an applied type and its statistical population is the books and articles that have been written about measuring national power and have presented a formula for this. The result of this research shows that in all the studied models, the population is seen as a main factor of power and has the highest coefficient of importance in the calculation of national power. This factor causes the growth and promotion of national authority in the country.

Cultural policy indicators have focused on aspects of culture, but in policy structures, parameters such as education, social institutions, historical trends, and especially the economy, the basis of culture have been introduced and are important when evaluating cultural policies. The purpose of this pathological research is to evaluate Iran's cultural policies in banning the use of satellite networks. The current research is a quantitative study in terms of purpose, practical and in terms of data collection, and the statistical population of the research was 15 media policy experts. First, indicators related to the evaluation of cultural policies regarding the type of operation of satellite networks were identified with the gray Delphi technique, and the importance of the approved indicators was determined with the Savara-based expert technique. The results showed the lack of evaluation indicators related to economic, educational and social policies in the heart of cultural policies, the lack of convergence regarding the formulation and implementation of the country's cultural engineering plan in the past, the lack of formulation of a policy model in the face of satellite networks, the lack of attention and evaluation of perception wars. and cognitive, lack of evaluation of the alignment of formulated policies with intellectual diversity and generational gap in the society, lack of effective researches regarding the explanation of Imam Khamenei's intellectual system (Madazleh al-Aali) in the formulation of cultural policies, is one of the most important harms of evaluating cultural policies related to satellite networks.

Establishing, continuing and strengthening the Islamic government is one of the most important duties and goals of the prophets, imams and divine saints. There is no doubt that the Islamic government will not be realized and will not be successful unless there are agents and managers who are equal to religious standards and Islamic teachings. What is important in between are the conditions and characteristics that brokers must have This research is in response to the question, what are the most important characteristics of agents in Islamic teachings? The author is of the opinion with library research and documents, this situation can be analyzed in two areas. First, in the positive dimension, we can mention special piety, scientific ability, courage in action and insight. Then, in the negative aspect, one should also consider not having a bad background, lack of aristocracy and lack of religious tolerance. In this research, each of these components has been analyzed and explained in an analytical-descriptive way.

. Illustrating scientific productions is one of the ways to know the quantity and quality of scientific productions in different scientific fields. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the descriptive and content structure of the scientific productions of Iranian researchers in the field of political science in the Web-Oscience database. This research is of an applied type, which was carried out using the scientometric method. Its statistical population is 368 scientific degrees in the field of political science, which have been indexed in the Auscience web database during the years 1990 to 2020. Vaas Viewer and Excel software were used to analyze data and draw scientific maps. The growth trend of scientific documents in the field of political science by Iranian researchers in the WebOscience database from 1990 to 2016 has been very small, but it has reached its highest level in 2016, and in the following years, it has grown upward compared to the years before 2016. But compared to 2016, it has grown less. Although Iran has grown well in terms of scientific production in the field of political science, researchers who have produced more scientific products have not published high-quality articles, and only a small number of researchers have published high-quality articles with high citations.