نشریه علوم و فنون مدیریت اطلاعات
سال نهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 30، بهار 1402)

The term “virtual” as a suffice has been associated with real-world businesses and entities. Until a few years ago, observing the term was equal to spaces such as websites, information networks, digital libraries, etc. But today, most of the citizens' time is spent in spaces that are completely virtual. Stores, businesses, monetary and financial activities, leisure and entertainment, etc. are all being transferred to cyberspace. The rapid pace of joining cyberspace has created a state of disharmony and exhaustion among businesses, especially organizations. Many of them have embarked on digital transformation and implemented some programs, however, this process does not seem to be sufficiently tailored to meet the requirements, and organizations are to see “virtual transformation” as a complementary action and umbrella plan to cover sparse actions on their agenda. In this article, the concept of virtual transformation and its requirements and phases are briefly explained. Attempts have been made to examine the virtual transformation from different dimensions and to identify and introduce its actors well. The six steps presented in this article can be considered guidelines for managers on their virtual transformation journey. The content of the article also can be seen as a starting point for extensive studies on the concept of virtual transformation.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of students' attitudes, system quality, and knowledge management in the behavior of using e-learning through the mediation of e-learning acceptance among students of the Farhangian University of Fars Province. This research is applied in terms of purpose and nature and a descriptive correlation based on structural equation modeling in terms of data collection province in 2021-2022 with a number of 4450 people. According to Krejcie & Morgan's table, 351 people were selected as a sample through the proportional stratified random sampling method. To measure the research variables, the standard questionnaire ofstudents' attitudes towards e-learning, Akbar (2013), researcher-made system quality questionnaire, Sharon Lawson's standard knowledge management questionnaire (2003), researcher-made e-learning acceptance questionnaire, and the standard questionnaire of the actual use of the e-learning system (Akbar, 2013) were used. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by content and structure validity methods (confirmatory factor analysis) and respectively, the reliability by Cronbach's alpha coefficient is 0.89, 0.79, 0.94, 0.82, and 0.86 was estimated and confirmed. Data were analyzed at two levels of descriptive and inferential (structural equations) using SPSS 24 and Lisrel 8.8 software. The results indicate that among the variables of Students' Attitudes with acceptance of e-learning (β=0.52), System quality with acceptance of e-learning (β=0.89), knowledge management with acceptance of e-learning (β=0.67) and acceptance of e-learning with real use of the system (β=0.17) There is a positive and significant causal relationship. Students' Attitudes, System quality, and knowledge management mediate e-learning acceptance and indirectly affect the actual use of the e-learning system. Therefore, the mediating effect of e-learning acceptance in this study was confirmed. According to the findings of this study, it can be seen that an increase in students 'attitudes, system quality, knowledge management, and acceptance of e-learning scores will be associated with an increase in students' e-learning usage behavior. According to the research findings, policymakers and university administrators are suggested to prepare the ground for real use and acceptance of e-learning in the learning process of Farhangian University by holding workshops and training courses while paying attention to the variables of the present research.

This research aims to systematically review the studies conducted on the issue of search query formulation behavior in children and adolescents in order to identify the obstacles and search formulation solutions. This research was conducted with a systematic review method based on the list presented in the research of Xu, Kang & Song (2015). For this purpose, studies in the field of query formulation in children and adolescents were identified in Persian databases and reliable English databases. Finally, 2 Persian and 45 English studies were selected to do the final review and answer the research questions. The results showed that in the process of formulating the search query of children and teenagers, poor spelling, lack of typing skills, low domain knowledge, limited vocabulary, low cognitive ability, lack of skill in evaluating and selecting the retrieved results, relying on overview search, using natural language keywords, inability to use logical operators, weakness in re-formulating queries, low ability in complex tasks are the most important obstacles and problems faced by children and teenagers in formulating search queries. Designing a suitable user interface for children and teenagers by using visual and audio interfaces, spelling control tools, and query suggestions and teaching children and teenagers how to use the user interface and formulating search queries are presented as solutions to remove the obstacles in formulating search queries. Considering the extensive studies that have been conducted in the field of search query formulation in children and adolescents worldwide, and considering the linguistic, cultural, and media literacy differences of Iranian children and adolescents, it is necessary to conduct these studies in Iran as well. It seems that before teaching the use of user interfaces and digital media literacy to this group, it is essential to know the query formulation behavior of Iranian children.

The Nostalgic Memories in social networks, by reminding us that life has not always been difficult, instill a sense of stability and the ability to overcome difficulties. The purpose of this research is to design and explain the criteria of the geography map of nostalgia based on the information management of social networks with a qualitative approach, based on the structures of "characteristics of social networks for digital nostalgia"; "Elements of past information retrieval for recalling memories"; "Individual characteristics of social network users" are: "nostalgic experience-centric classification"; and "nostalgia based on user's geographic location".

The research method of this article is the qualitative analysis based on content analysis and using MAXQDA software. Here, content analysis is a method of taking and understanding seemingly unrelated information and systematically observing people, interactions, and situations. The studied population can be divided into three general groups: the first group includes university professors who have an opinion in the subject area (academic experts); The second group includes professionals working in businesses active in the field of marketing based on social networks (industry experts); And the third group including Iranian users in Instagram, Facebook and Twitter social networks (public stakeholders) was categorized. The sampling method in this research is the snowball technique. In order to carry out the qualitative part of the research, the opinions of 15 experts were collected in the form of interviews in the spring of 2021.

Based on the results of this research, the criteria of the national map of the geography of nostalgia based on the information management of social networks are: characteristics of social networks for digital nostalgia; Elements of past information retrieval to recall memories; Individual characteristics of social network users; Nostalgia based on the geographic location of the user and the central classification of the nostalgic experience.One of the main results of this research is that the number of sharing nostalgia content with the highest frequency in the characteristics of social networks for digital nostalgia; Retrieval of past information was determined based on repetition with the highest frequency in the elements of retrieving past information to recall memories and the user's age factor with the highest frequency in the individual characteristics of social network users.

According to the findings of this research, according to the nostalgic content in social networks, it can be said that the geography of nostalgia is one of the main topics in the field of sociology and understanding people's interests and habits. The concept of the geography of nostalgia has had important effects on human emotional and experimental behavior and knowledge, and many science researchers believe that this concept has an inescapable effect on the epistemological patterns of societies. Many of the human emotions that affect humans in the form of concepts such as longing, nostalgia and homesickness have a special relationship with the concept of the geography of nostalgia and geographical identity. How geographic identity can control human behavior and emotions in these fields is one of the main results of this research. Findings related to the number of hits of nostalgia content; the number of shares of nostalgia content; The number of liking nostalgia content, with the research results of Bhattacharya, 2020 and Cruzado, et al. 2020 are aligned and the findings related to the user's gender factor; User age factor; The factor of user education, with the results of the researches of Gu, 2021, Wulf, et al. 2018 and Bhattacharya, 2020 is logical. Finally, one of the main discussions in the research is the division of nostalgia in the Iranian user community, which is compiled in the form of Iranian cultural generations.

The mission of research and educational organizations has turned them into knowledge-based organizations, which requires an appropriate and clear strategy in order to function effectively and achieve the vision. Therefore, this research aims to identify and prioritize knowledge management requirements in the Institute for Trade Studies and Research. The requirements of knowledge management were prioritized based on research literature, standard questionnaires, and brainstorming according to the views of experts and managers of the Institute for Trade Studies and Research by the fuzzy Delphi method, and the application of distance techniques. The current research is practical in terms of its purpose, and in terms of research method and data collection, it is a descriptive survey. In terms of the basis of the type ofdata collected, it was quantitative and the tool of data collection was a questionnaire. The expertsof this study are the directors of the Business Studies and Research Institute, and knowledge management specialists in 2021. Based on the judgmental sampling method, samples were selected according to their expertise. Research criteria were extracted from the study of knowledge management in institutions. Next, to analyze the criteria of the research, two questionnaires were distributed among the experts: Fuzzy Expertise and Codas Prioritization. Expertise questionnaires with the fuzzy Delphi technique, and the priority assessment questionnaires were evaluated with the CODAS technique. Due to the fact that the categories of the questionnaire were obtained from the background review of valid international and domestic articles in the fields of knowledge management in institutions, both the expert assessment and priority assessment questionnaires have good validity. Also, due to the selection of the appropriate sample size(15 people) and screening criteria, the priority questionnaire was reliable. The sample size in this research was equal to 15 people, which is a good number for expert-oriented methods with a judgmental nature. Based on CODAS analysis, the first priority is the alignment of knowledge management activities with the vision and mission of the organization, the second priority is the provision of a communication field for the organization's people through communication technologies (Internet, intranet, chat room, webinar, etc.), the third priority Support of high-level executives for knowledge activities, the fourth priority is the existence of systems to attract and transfer new ideas and experiences, the fifth priority is a database for the archive of completed projects, the sixth priority is to continuously update the specialized knowledge of the organization, the seventh priority is to promote employees' awareness of the benefits of employment. Knowledge, the eighth priority, the existence of the process of receiving users' needs through executive units and their direct participation in the implementation of projects, respectively, have 8 priorities in the knowledge management requirements in the organization. Appointing the manager of knowledge programs to develop the knowledge assets of the organization; Creating business teams based on information technology; Development and expansion of the cause and purpose of knowledge management with the help and support of senior managers to establish knowledge management in the Institute of Business Studies and Research; Instead of considering knowledge management as a system for maintaining and storing its knowledge, the Institute of Business Studies and Research should create databases by creating a knowledge map to identify all the personnel of the organization and store their information according to their special expertise and knowledge, to have access to that information when needed to meet the needs of the organization. Identifying and prioritizing the needs of knowledge management in the organization helps managers to allocate their limited financial, time, and human resources to the preferred and prioritized issues to implement knowledge management.

This research aims to design the organizational intelligence model of Foman Shimi Company based on the foundation's data analysis. Increasing volume of information and rapid environmental changes and the need to create a continuous relationship with a complex and dynamic environment, organizations need organizational intelligence strategies, so this study aims to design an organizational intelligence model at Fooman Chimie based on data analysis.

The research is applied in terms of objective and it is of qualitative type, which was carried out with the ground theory method. The statistical population included all managers and experts of Fooman Chimie Company; the statistical sample was selected in a purposeful way, and the theoretical saturation was achieved with the number of 13 people. The tool for collecting information was semi-structured interviews with experts in the field of intelligentization of Fooman Chimie Company.

Based on the findings of the qualitative section with Atlas.ti software, 95 open codes were identified which were classified into 17 sub-categories and 5 main categories. The main categories include causal factors, background factors, consequences, strategies, and concepts of intelligence. The sub-categories related to the concept of intelligence are a tool to adapt to environmental changes, turning the organization into a learning organization, and using technology in various processes of the organization; The sub-categories of causal factors include: organizational factors, human factors, technical factors, economic factors; The sub-categories related to background conditions include: organizational culture, decision-making platforms, legal platforms, business skills. The sub-categories related to strategies are decision-making strategies, economic strategies, promotion of organizational culture, provision of necessary infrastructure and technology, and finally, the consequences, which have 2 sub-categories of negative and positive consequences.

Today, organizations are facing changing economic, technical, social, cultural, and political conditions, and their survival in such competitive and very complex conditions depends on the alertness and timely and appropriate response to these changes, which requires adaptation and response. Therefore, it is appropriate to make the organization smarter and use the intellectual capital of the organization properly According to the results of this research, the management and the board of directors of Fooman Chimie Company should put the organization's intelligence at the top of their agenda, and the final model of this research can be useful in implementing and operationalizing this concept.

The online sales smart contract is a protocol that is prepared to set up an electronic smart agreement between the buyer and the seller and is concluded and executed automatically based on the information related to the terms of the contract. The aim of the current research is to identify the causal factors affecting the online sales smart contract and its consequences using a systematic review.

A systematic review was used in this research. This method is one of the types of qualitative research methods that are used to investigate phenomena and identify categories based on research literature. The statistical population of the research includes all research articles obtained from quantitative and qualitative studies regarding smart contracts and smart contracts in both Persian and English languages. With the aim of identifying the factors affecting the smart sales contract and its consequences, finally, 30 articles related to the research topic in the period from 2009 to 2022 in Farsi and English were selected and studied with a systematic review approach, and the text of the articles was based on the application of the Grounded Theory approach and based on the MaxQda software, central and selective coding were performed and analyzed. Reliability and Cohen's kappa coefficient were used as a measure to replace validity and reliability.

By analyzing the collected articles, 678 English and Farsi articles were identified in the coding stage, and after scientific investigations, 94 articles related to the research topic were categorized, and finally 30 articles were included.In the continuation of the data analysis process, the concepts were categorized into six categories of the central phenomenon, causal conditions, background conditions, intervening conditions, strategies, and consequences through the central coding. The current research led to the presentation of a paradigm model called online sales smart contract and its consequences using a systematic review.

Online sales smart contracts are programs that are stored on the blockchain and are executed when predetermined conditions are met. They are typically used to automate the execution of an agreement so that all participants can be assured of the outcome immediately without the intervention of an intermediary or wasted time. They can also automate a workflow and trigger the next action when conditions are met. Smart sales contracts are efficient because they have completely solved the issue of trust. The smart sales contract uses blockchain to confirm, validate, record, and enforce the terms agreed between the parties The presented model clearly defines the effective causal factors of establishing an online smart seller and its consequences, and leading companies can use this proposed model in their online sales on the blockchain platform.

This study aimed to identify the dimensions and indicators of knowledge auditing in academic libraries. The present study was applied in terms of purpose and was performed by the Delphi method and qualitative approach. Participants in the present study included professors and experts in knowledge management and information science. By purposive sampling method at first, two or three experts in knowledge management and information science were identified and introduced by other people based on the snowball method and a sample size of twenty people was selected. In this study, Kendall and binomial tests have been used to analyze the data obtained from the first and second rounds of Delphi. Fourteen factors were identified as factors involved in influencing knowledge audit based on the research findings in knowledge audit, which are: organizational perspective and goals of data analysis and knowledge information, measurement of explicit and implicit knowledge, drawing Knowledge flow map, identifying strategic elements of the organization, analyzing the gap between existing and desirable knowledge, preparing the organization, identifying the knowledge audit process, forming a knowledge audit working group, analyzing knowledge flow, identifying valuable assets of the organization, evaluating information, measuring current knowledge health And analysis of knowledge application. Findings showed that the priority index in conducting research, educational, executive projects, etc., had the highest average (4.01), and the index of knowledge resources had the lowest average (1.25). Also, the value of the Kendall coefficient for all factors considered except the factors of vision and organizational goals and identification of strategic elements of the organization is more than 0.7 or very close to it, which indicates the consensus of experts.The level of significance for the Kendall coordination coefficient in most factors is more than 5%, which means there is a significant agreement between experts. The results showed the use of knowledge audit components to identify better the needs of creating, organizing, sharing and using knowledge in organizations. The overall results of the research in the field of validation by experts showed that all components of knowledge auditing have been approved and none of the components have been rejected.

Today, due to the competitiveness of the information and information space, it is necessary for libraries to reconsider their traditional approaches to meet the information needs of their potential and actual users and to avoid competing with other information actors. In the meantime, pursuing and applying strategies based on information marketing and branding in the library environment can be considered an effective way to achieve the real position of libraries. Therefore, the present study was conducted to identify the services required for branding in Iranian libraries and medical information centers. This is a qualitative study with the deductive approach conducted using semi-structured interviews with some managers in libraries and medical information centers. Purposeful sampling was employed to gather data. Based on the findings of this study, the two main concepts of specialized services (including information services, research and scientometrics, and education) and public services (including welfare services, public health, support, and culture) with 7 components and 33sub-codes related It was identified by providing and diversifying services in branding these libraries. Providing modern and high-quality specialized services needed by today's users causes the view of the community and users towards the library to change and these stakeholders to have a stronger perception of libraries and information centers of medical universities. Therefore, the managers of these information centers should take the necessary measures in providing services to brand the libraries under their management.

This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the Nuclear Medicine Ontology (NucMedOnt) based on the ontometric method with the criteria of content display, content, user understanding of content, search, and retrieval of concepts. The current research is of applied type. Evaluation of NucMedOnt ontology was carried out with a qualitative approach in the form of a usability study using the usability test followed by a questionnaire survey, constructed with an Ontometric approach and Likert scale (Fathian, 2010). The sample population consisted of 10 faculty members and subject specialists in the Nuclear Medicine field, selected by using the Purposive sampling method from 26 specialists in Physics, Radiological Engineering, Nuclear Pharmacology, and Medical Physics fields, working in the specialized center with experience using the INIS Thesaurus and announced their cooperation. For evaluation, 10 randomly selected concepts in the field of nuclear medicine were provided to the participants. 94% of the users were satisfied with the performance of content display criteria, 100% with concepts criteria, 98% with relationships criteria, 93% with the instance criteria, 98% with the users' content perception criteria, and 89% of the users were satisfied with the content search and retrieval criteria of the Nuclear Medicine Ontology (NucMedOnt) and evaluated their effectiveness as desirable and appropriate.Also, there was no significant difference between the opinions of experts in the user’s content perception criteria, content criteria, content display criteria, and content search and retrieval criteria in the Nuclear Medicine Ontology (NucMedOnt). Nuclear Medicine Ontology (NucMedOnt) is an effective tool for knowledge representation and upgrading the databases of the Nuclear Medicine field. The results show the high satisfaction of the participants with the efficiency of knowledge representation and concepts search and retrieval in the Nuclear Medicine Ontology (NucMedOnt). The rich set of basic concepts and also the citation on the publishing information resources of the Nuclear Medicine Field in the documentation of the Persian equivalents for the English concepts were among the reasons for the high satisfaction of the Nuclear Medicine specialists and the high score in their evaluation.

The most crucial challenge that important insurance organizations including the Social Security Organization face is the Know Your Customer (KYC) challenge. The present research emphasized the Know Your Customer process, besides, the accuracy of input and output data of the concerning organization considering the task-based nature of the organization. The present research described the importance of the KYC process in an organization, especially in the Social Security Organization in Iran. Therefore, it proposed Blockchain technology as a facilitator of this process.

This is qualitative research. It was carried out based on actor-network theory. Following the grounded theory, the perception of the interviewed participants was analyzed concerning the manner, causes, strategies, basis, and consequences of the application of Blockchain technology in an organization. Due to the temporal and spatial limitations of the research and to improve its qualitative value, the Social Security Organization, which is a social insurance company, was selected together with another important state organization as a case study. The data were collected through complete observation and semi-structured interviews. The target population included professional experts and the heads of the Social Security Organization plus experts in the field of Blockchain. The snowball sampling was continued to obtain adequate theoretical saturation (n=30 experts).

The process of implementing and replacing this technology with the current system encountered several intervening factors such as the management, adjustment of human resources, financial resources, extra-organizational actors, and organizational culture. These factors should be taken into considerable consideration in the process of application of the technology.

Blockchain technology (as the main network in the actor-network approach) enjoys unique features that can provide a desirable condition to verify the accuracy of the input and output data of the organization, especially in the field of the KYC process. The extra-organizational actors, which do not operate under the control of the organization, are quite effective when developing this approach. Utilizing smart contracts (as the actor-network theory connectors) and replacing them with the current contract systems used in organizations are among the important applications of this technology. The unique features of Blockchain technology can cause considerable changes in the process of KYC. These changes are often positive and carried out to reduce the risk of fraud, clarify the flaw of information, reduce the concentration, and increase the speed of rendering services and De-bureaucracy. However, they present the organization with challenges such as concerns for developing integrity, cost of establishment, the difficulty of modification of the input information, and the time-consuming nature of educating customers.

Risk assessment according to ISO 31000 standard is a systematic and logical process that includes identification, analysis and measurement. The risk identification process involves determining the type and source of potential risks. Risk analysis involves determining the estimated level of risks in terms of indices such as the probability and potential consequences of the risk. The measurement involves comparing the estimated levels of risks with respect to the analysis criteria and eventually the risk ranking. The present study aims to assess (identify, analyze and measure) the risks of professional expertise of human resources at digital libraries according to ISO 31000 standard. The present research is an applied nature and to implement it, survey and analytic methods have been applied with Shannon Entropy to weight risks and fuzzy TOPSIS to evaluate them. Primarily the most important risks were identified using the relevant resources and the results of previous researches, a process which led to the formulation of a questionnaire consisting of 38 items. First the demographic characteristics were described and the central statistical indices (mean and median) as well as the dispersion index (standard deviation) were examined. Next, using the weighted average index to the criteria defined by Shannon's entropy method and their application in TOPSIS software, positive and negative ideal options were determined. In the risk assessment stage, risks were prioritized by comparing the distance of each one from the positive and negative ideal options. The content validity and reliability equals 0.955 according to Cronbach's alpha test. 18 professional expertise risks were identified. Risk of having the necessary knowledge about semantic web languages and tools with the minimum distance from the positive ideal point by the value (0.0103) and the maximum distance from the negative ideal point by the value (0.104), and the maximum coefficient close to (0.9103) ranked first. It means that this risk has the closest distance to the ideal positive point and is the most important.Risk of employees' ability to provide digital reference services ranked 18th with the minimum distance from the negative ideal (0.0114) and the maximum distance from the positive ideal (0/1043), and the minimum proximity coefficient (0.0982). That is, it has the maximum distance from the positive ideal option and is the least important. Among the 18 risks of professional expertise of human resources at digital libraries identified, the risk of "having the necessary knowledge about semantic web languages ​​and tools" is the first priority. This reveals that the human resources of academic digital libraries are not in a good position in terms of up-to-date knowledge and modern information technologies and the semantic web that underlies ontologies and linked data, etc.

This study aims to determine the structural equation pattern of relationships between job satisfaction with organizational commitment and ethical climate among librarians of public libraries in Kermanshah province. The research method is the type of correlation studies and the modeling of structural equations. The statistical population of this study included all 180 public librarians of Kermanshah province. Using stratified random sampling, 122 people were selected as the sample size basedon the Cochran formula. Spector's Job Satisfaction Questionnaire (1999), Allen & Meyer's Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (1990), and the revised Victor and Cullen's Questionnaire (1988) were used. To test the hypotheses, structural equation modeling and correlation coefficient tests, simple linear regression, and the Seville test were used with SPSS software. The findings showed that there is a significant relationship between the job satisfaction of public library librarians and their understanding of the ethical climate. The state of job satisfaction, organizational commitment and ethical climate is more than average at the public libraries in Kermanshah province.Also, the more job satisfaction librarians of public libraries have, the more commitment they will have to their organization, and public library officials should pay more attention to this issue. High organizational commitment increases the effect of job satisfaction on ethical climate. Finally, organizational commitment has an effect on the relationship between job satisfaction and organizational climate and makes the relationship between these two variables stronger. Ethical climate and recognition of ethical values in the organization lead to ethical behaviors. Furthermore, ethical climate plays a fundamental role in receiving organizational rewards and benefits, implementing organizational procedures and decisions, dealings, and interactions. Employees who find high satisfaction and commitment in the organization, their understanding of the ethical climate in the organization increases. The results of the structural equation analysis test on the proposed research model showed that the model had a good and acceptable fit and all paths (hypotheses) were confirmed with high confidence. The results showed that if the librarians have job satisfaction, they can have a positive understanding of the ethical climate in the library, spend more time there and show a high commitment to performing their duties.

The present research aims to examine and offer a model of a cloud-based knowledge-sharing process among the faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU).

This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of type of research, it is mixed exploratory, and in terms of research method, it is research-based on grounded theory. For the purpose of the research, all 2800 faculty members of Islamic Azad University (IAU) in the country were studied. To determine the sample size (397 people), a multi-stage sampling method and Cochran's sample size formula were used. In this research, structured interviews and electronic questionnaires were used as research tools in two qualitative and qualitative stages. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, the interview with the experts continued until the theoretical adequacy. The pattern of knowledge-sharing behavior was extracted from the data of the qualitative phase of the research. Also, the research employed structural equations (Partial Least Square Model) to analyze the research data, using smartPLS software.

The research findings indicated that there were six effective components connected with the exploratory pattern of knowledge-sharing behavior, which are given below in order of priority: 1. Principal Component; the pivotal component with the factor of organizational maturity level, 2. Causal Conditions; including the management and organizational factors, 3. Strategies; including the factors affecting the development of job security and the improvement of the level of trust across organizations and organizational communication network, 4. Background Conditions; including organizational culture and technological infrastructures 5. Intervening Conditions, including the enhancement of workforce skills, and 6. Consequences. These include the factors affecting the efficiency of human resources and the development of occupational engagement.Similarly, the research results indicated that both the management factor and the organizational factors, as the dual elements of the component causal conditions, influenced the organizational maturity development process. This is because the T-statistic value given the effectiveness of the management factors and the path coefficient equaled 3.666 and 0.21, respectively, which is indicative of the direct positive effects of the management factors on organizational maturity. The organizational factors affected the maturity process directly and positively since the T-statistic value was 6.334 going beyond the absolute value of 1.96, and the path coefficient was 0.327.

Organizations can pave the way for the development of organizational maturity if they are in favorable conditions in terms of support from managers and the coordination between cloud computing and knowledge-sharing systems. The implementation of such systems across organizations will result in improved performance of the faculty members and an increased competitive advantage.

Indigenous medicine is of the most important fields of indigenous knowledge which is at risk of destruction despite its high application and the high desire of indigenous people to use it. Therefore, the current research aims to provide a model for the knowledge management of indigenous medicine. The research is of an applied type, which was carried out with a combined exploratory approach. In the qualitative part, the statistical population of the research was experts familiar with the indigenous knowledge of the Makran region. The research sample was selected using the purposive sampling method. Qualitative data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the thematic analysis method. The statistical population of the quantitative part was a combination of experts in the field of indigenous medicine and professors and students of medicine faculty, including the traditional medicine faculty. The research sample was selected using stratified random sampling. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect quantitative data. For the analysis of quantitative data, SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) method by AMOS software was used. By analyzing the qualitative data, 64 primary codes were identified for the components of the indigenous medicine knowledge management model, which were categorized into 14 subcategories and 5 main categories. Fitting the initial research model with the SEM method showed that the knowledge management model of indigenous medicine in Makran region has a good fit. Accordingly, 5 dimensions of knowledge production, knowledge acquisition, knowledge development and sharing, knowledge transfer, and knowledge recording were presentedas the dimensions of the indigenous medicine knowledge management model of the Makran region. Considering the extremely high capacity of Makran region in indigenous medicine knowledge, the present research has provided more efficient management by providing a model for its management. In addition, the current research can be a basis for conducting further research and developing theoretical knowledge in this field, especially in the knowledge and information science field.

The main goal of this study is to design a monitoring and control system for air quality, the level of gases released in the environment, humidity and temperature based on the Internet of Things in industrial environments, which in addition to the cost-effectiveness of the proposed system in terms of energy consumption and cost, Improve the level of security in sending and receiving data. Another goal of this plan is easy access for end users to real-time data in environmental conditions. The general purpose of the proposed system is the ability to detect hazards, increase safety and productivity in industrial environments, and alert users and industrial owners if the data exceeds the limits defined by environmental standards. In order to achieve this goal, data protocols compatible with industrial environments and communication protocols with proper performance in data transmission, in the system of sensors based on the Internet of Things in similar ideas, with a focus on air quality monitoring and control, are investigated. As a result of comparing related articles, in order to implement the proposed idea, OPC UA data protocol and 4G LTE communication protocol have been used and the performance of the proposed system has been tested in an industrial warehouse under fire and clean air simulation. The results show that the idea of this research has better efficiency than similar studies in terms of two factors of energy consumption and the security level of sending and receiving data. For this purpose, the software infrastructure of the Internet of Things has been examined with the factor of information protection and increasing the security level in order to visualize environmental data. In the proposed monitoring and control system, from the Internet of Things platform on the cloud server side and Raspberry Pi board for control and measurement, the MQ2 sensor for detecting smoke and the concentration of LPG, alcohol, propane, hydrogen, methane and carbon monoxide gases, the MQ135 sensor is used to measure air quality and detect ammonia and carbon dioxide gases and DHT22 sensor to measure humidity and temperature, as well as a 4G mobile modem to load received environmental data on the clientside. In investigating the performance of the proposed system under fire simulation of wood, cloth and paper and clean air in an industrial warehouse for fourteen days, in two situations of Raspberry Pi board connected to 4G LTE and Wi-Fi modem, the fire simulation value has been given. Detected in Wi-Fi connection mode was lower than 4G LTE mode and lower than previously predicted, but finally compared to the results of seven days of testing for each connection mode including clean air and fire simulation recorded in Things Board cloud platform. Regardless of the minor differences, they are similar. The results show that the idea of this research has higher efficiency than similar studies in terms of two factors of energy consumption and the security level of sending and receiving data.