نشریه چشم انداز شهرهای آینده
سال چهارم شماره 1 (پیاپی 13، بهار 1402)

Urban communities are exposed to various natural hazards. Promoting resilience has been introduced as the most reliable way to deal with these threats. The main goal of this research is to help the resilient planning of cities for the future and to explain the resilient spatial planning model against earthquakes. This goal is achieved by understanding the mutual relationship between spatial planning and urban resilience against earthquakes. Therefore, first, with the help of document study, a new framework entitled as SRPF was introduced, then, with the help of qualitative meta-analysis method, 71 documents related to physical resilience against earthquakes were reviewed and after introducing the most important components and criteria, the ranking of them was done by the assistance of fuzzy AHP method. Based on this, a framework was introduced that urban planners and managers can easily access the most important components and criteria for making cities resilient for the future by referring to it. In general, the results of the research show that there is a significant similarity between the components of spatial planning in dealing with disasters (roads, open spaces, physical infrastructure and critical infrastructure) and the physical resilience criteria of cities against earthquakes (physical resistance, road network, service status and infrastructure facilities, as well as the status of open space). Also, the most important factors that should be taken into consideration in providing a resilient spatial planning model for the future of cities against earthquakes include preparation, changeability, strength, adaptability, flexibility, and self-organization. Finally, the criteria and sub-criteria obtained from the meta-analysis method are verified with the help of the five main arms of SRPF and the validity of the proposed framework is confirmed.

The Mehr housing is a special experience in the direct intervention of governments on a large scale, which instead of focusing only on big cities and metropolises, has entered different levels of the urban network, and it is different from similar programs in different countries of the world. The positive and negative residential, spatial, social, economic and programmatic characteristics of Mehr housing affected the direction and destination of migrations in the urban network, so that with the increase in the ratio of built of Mehr housing to the existing households in the cities of the country, increased the rate of population growth and finally immigration. This subject forms the hypothesis of the current research. The research method of the article is descriptive-analytical and its purpose is theoretical and practical. Statistics were collected through library and documentary methods and studies at two different levels including 31 provinces and urban sampling (40 cities in different provinces. The relationship between research variables measured through Pearson's correlation coefficient, kernel density and spatial weighted regression and its findings confirmed the research hypothesis. The results of the research show that the increase in the building of low-cost housing in cities has led to an increase in population growth and ultimately their immigration, and small and medium-sized cities have accepted the largest population impact within the urban network. The suggestions of the article also include empowerment, dispersion and native development.

In today's chaotic world, every moment we face a series of uncertainties that can affect cities. For this purpose, one should distance himself from the traditional approaches in urban planning and resort to new tools and perspectives. In the meantime, strategic foresight obtained by combining the two areas of foresight and strategic planning can solve urban planning issues. One of the challenges facing this field is the lack of a specific process of strategic urban foresight. Therefore, the purpose of the current research; "Explaining the process of urban strategic foresight". In this direction, by adopting a qualitative approach and using the meta-composite method, an attempt has been made to formulate a process model of urban strategic foresight. For this purpose, 97 articles in the mentioned field were identified by searching the reliable database. In the next step, using the Casp method, the aforementioned articles were screened and finally 25 articles were selected. Then the mentioned articles have been examined and analyzed in three stages of open, central and selective coding. Mxqda2020 software is used for coding. In general, 225 open codes were obtained from the selected articles. In the next step, using the instant Delphi method, the opinions of 15 faculty members with expertise in urban planning were obtained, and based on that, central and selective coding was done. In total, 10 concepts and 3 categories were identified, and at the end, a process model of urban strategic foresight was formulated.

Rural areas of Iran are in critical times through their rural-urban development process. To grow and develop the future of rural areas of the country and to strengthen the rapid social and economic prospect of rural rural areas, it is necessary and necessary to consider all the actors and the actors and theologians of the country's rural development. For this reason, for further development of the country's villages, it is necessary to formulate future strategies and strategies of rural development. The purpose of this study is to develop and present future strategies and strategies of rural development in the 1414 horizon with a future research approach. The present study is applied, applied, and in terms of combination (quantitative and qualitative). The statistical population of academic experts and managers related to rural process has been the country. 20 samples were selected using a non -explicit sampling method and targeted audio. For data collection and information, the questionnaires were used by the interview and interview interviews with respect to the models and the purpose of the research. Structural and software -software model analysis was used for data analysis. The results of the research showed that improving local authorities' capacity to meet the needs of rural population, coordination of rural and urban policies, and aligning the backgrounds of strategies reform, modernization of rural areas using smart villages, providing credits and credits Banking systems in rural areas/ credit and financial services, evolution and improvement of all the constituent elements of the agricultural value chain and ultimately increased rural education and their intervention in rural investment and planning the most important scenarios and strategy There are rural development in Iran. Expressing strategies and their application can be the basis for reforming the policies and strategies of strengthening and developing the country's rural eye and guidance to determine the future path of rural areas of the country.

This study aims to explain the propulsions  for designing the underground area of urban bridges with the approach of social sustainability and spatial dynamics to achieve a framework for optimal design following social sustainability and the vitality and dynamism of these spaces. The research method is applied based on the purpose and is descriptive and analytical, and the plan is based on correlation, which is done with a survey technique. Data collection was done by documentary and field methods, and the software used in this research were SPSS and Lisrel. Research indicators were validated using Delphi (10 experts) and Cronbach's alpha. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to explain the arrows, and a one-sample t-test, multivariate regression, and factor analysis measurement model were used to analyze the data. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the data. The statistical population of the study, consisting of citizens of Hamedan around the Khajeh Rashid overpass bridge, is 250 samples. The research indicators were assessed using the Likert scale with a hypothetical average of 3 and 5 criteria (including functional, social, environmental, visual, physical, and perceptual) and 24 indicators. The standard of all hands is 2.95, which is lower than the assumed average (3). Using the beta coefficient, the highest regression was obtained between the criterion of social sustainability and the design of the underground space of urban bridges (r = 0.784). The results show that 43% (variance 0.43) of social dynamics and sustainability in undercover areas of urban bridges are affected by variables (functional, social sustainability, environmental, visual, perceptual physical), which indicate high fitness and desirability and indicate the necessary explanatory and predictive power in the subject of research.

The complex nature of cities and the rapid growth of technology along with the occurrence of social, cultural, political developments, etc., have caused cities to be subjected to the most intense impulses and urban planners are unable to solve the challenges in keeping with these changes. In this regard, strategic planning, as one of the most important approaches in urban planning that pays special attention to the future, is no longer a guarantee of success in such an environment. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the future position in relation to the strategic urban planning process. Therefore, the aim of the research is to clarify the future position in the process of strategic urban planning. The current research has used the meta-synthesis to achieve the mentioned goal. 104 sources have been extracted in connection with the research. Among these, 26 sources have been selected using the CASP method and coded using the MAXQDA2020 software. In total, 108 codes, 13 concepts and 5 categories were obtained. The results of the research show that in the process of strategic urban planning, it is necessary to take a deeper look at the issues and to pay attention to the hidden layers of the city using a critical view. Because these issues are the driving force and basis for achieving a correct prediction of the desired future. Also,in addition to being innovative, the proposed strategies and actions should include different types of possible futures so that they can more realistically pursue the desired future.