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سال بیستم شماره 121 (تیر 1402)

Problem statement: 

Museums are among the most valuable places in the world. Tehran has rich historical, cultural, scientific, entertainment and tourism museums. Determining the visual identity strategy of museums is the responsibility of graphic designers. Using communication and advertising tools, the graphic design of museums is done by displaying visual information in the forms of visual identity design and environmental graphic design. The research in this field has mostly focused on the area of museum marketing and the study of environmental graphics. Studying the brand strategy in the visual identity of museums, this research analyzed the data gathered from several samples of the study in Tehran and around the world.

is to study those samples qualitatively and help develop strategic solutions in graphic design for cultural and touristic places such as museums in Tehran. The current research attempted to answer the following questions: What are the characteristics of the visual identity in Tehran museums from the graphic design perspective? And what strategies have Tehran museums applied for their visual identity?

This study used library and documentary sources and employed the descriptive-analytical method to comparatively study the examples of visual identity in Tehran museums.

In designing its visual identity, Tehran museums have used the following strategies: using the main brand name, using the image of the museum building, using typography in the design of the museum logo, distinguishing and adhering to the principles of service design, the national approach, and being inspired by tradition. Also, from the graphic design point of view, Tehran museums have followed the logo guide rules and have used unique typefaces and briefcases for the visual identity of their brand.
This research shows the importance of formulating, planning, and implementing a comprehensive strategy toward the integration of visual identity design in Tehran museums.

Problem statement: 

Climate change and its consequences influence all environmental, social, and economic conditions of cities. One of the most important ideas to overcome urban issues is implementing urban greening (UG) to improve the ecology and sustainability of cities; however, the manner of adopting this idea is facing numerous challenges. In recent years, Nature-based Solutions (NbS) have proposed an emerging and comprehensive concept for solving the ecological and social challenges of cities at macro and micro levels.

The main goal of the research is to identify and analyze the concept of NbS in solving the challenge of managing urban green structures from both theoretical and practical dimensions. Based on this concept, the current research to answer the question of how and in what dimensions NbS, as a comprehensive concept, may support the process of greening cities.

Research mthod: 

This study investigates the concepts and principles of NBS and extracts its features by applying the systematic review of theoretical foundations and adopting the analytical method; it is followed by targeting the added values ​​and its conceptual and operational obstacles by addressing the concept of UG.

NbS as a transdisciplinary and collaborative concept, by considering the dynamics of the environment, suggests planning for long-term projects with specific solutions for each place while preserving natural, biological, and cultural values to solve the complex challenges.  Most of the features and principles of these solutions overlap with UG concepts, and from the operational aspect, they are a suitable and relatively comprehensive approach for implementing the desired concepts compared to UG approaches. However, a more precise definition is required to address the conceptual nature of NbS, as they are still encountering theoretical and practical obstacles. These conceptual barriers trigger both basic concepts and explanations of perceptual dimensions, while the implementation barriers consist of weak communication between organizations, and between them and the related stakeholders, which includes the temporal-spatial dimensions as well. According to the three-case method (‘concept’, ‘principles & characteristics’, and ‘implementation processes’), the study mainly focuses on two main categories to remove obstacles: 1) considering the features of entirety and multiplicity to resolve the conceptual obstacles, 2) defining the principles of Realism and the applicability, process-based concept, and acceptability of solutions in eliminating the implementation obstacles.

 Problem statement: 

Regardless of the consensus about the necessity of efficient public spaces to improve various dimensions of life in the city, there is no agreement in terms of the criteria for the formation of efficient public spaces as an ever-evolving concept. It seems that some of the listed criteria, according to philosophical partialism, are not in line with the evolution of this concept from an urban space based on the opposition of mass and emptiness to an ideal space for the realization of democracy, the flourishing of social life, and a processual and relational existence. This issue clarifies the need to revise the normative definitions of “good form of public space” by adopting a holistic perspective that includes the human-meaning dimensions of the space and the effect of other agencies such as the characteristics of the context and power institutions.

The purpose of the current research is to evaluate the existing theories about “efficient public space” and its relationship with the process of the semantic and functional evolution of space in the public domain of the city. While providing a general picture of the development process of the interdisciplinary concept of “public space”, this study attempts to present the knowledge gap in the previous theoretical literature, and provide a more appropriate approach, to the possibility of progress and development of theory in this field.

This study used an integrative approach to combine and critique the previous views and lay the groundwork for the re-conceptualization of “space in the public sphere of the city.” The data was collected using the library method based on the conceptual structure of the review and analyzed using the methods of critical analysis and conceptual classification.

Normative-prescriptive definitions of efficient public space are not in sync with the evolution process of the content-descriptive definition of public space. As a result of the incorrect epistemological orientation to the concept of space, partial criteria only consider one of the physical and semantic aspects of space or the algebraic sum of the two and do not provide a comprehensive picture of the multi-dialectical and disputed concept of space in the public domain of the city. In such a way that, despite the new forms of interwoven communication between man and the city under the concepts of “public space” and “public urban process”, we witness a kind of historical regression to the concepts of “urban space” or a selected representation and image of the concepts of “public space” and “public space.” The definition of the good form of the public space, according to the continuously evolving and multi-factorial nature of the space, should go beyond the instructions about shaping the space and rely on a holistic approach and formulating a set of flexible and paradigmatic holistic, multi-dimensional, multi-scale, and multi-dimensional equations and dynamic processes. It includes the formation of public space.

Problem statement: 

The culture of a region represents the lifestyle and beliefs of the people of that region, which have been formed over time. Due to the rapid changes in the lifestyle based on foreign and modern patterns, it seems necessary to pay attention to the vernacular culture issues in places that have separate identities in terms of social thoughts and life.

This study aimed to determine the levels of culture and explain the components of indigenous culture in the Havraman region based on the level of attachment of the residents.

This study used a descriptive-analytical method, in which the descriptive part is based on library studies and the analytical part is based on the results obtained from the theoretical foundations in the field in the Havraman indigenous region. This section comprised two phases. In the first phase, the cultural elements of the Havraman region were identified and introduced, and then in the second phase, the opinions of 300 residents of the Havraman region were analyzed based on the questionnaire. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software, and the outputs were compiled in the form of written tables.

The results of the study indicated that culture consists of three levels: first, middle, and final. The first level is built based on objective and subjective observations; the second level leads to a person’s choice based on norms and rules; and then in the third level, the pattern of life, which is the product of the worldview, is created. These three cultural levels have been formed in the Havraman region from the residents’ viewpoints and have led to the construction of a native culture different from other parts of Iran.

Problem statement: 

The book Bhagavata Purana (Sanskrit:  ; later: Bhāgavata Purāṇa)[1] was complied in the 9th century by the efforts of the Indian people and illustrated during the Gurkani period in the 17th century. The version of this book presenting ancient Iranian stories was illustrated in the 16th century by the Gurkani kings of India during the Akbar Shah period. The painting of Hamzeh Nameh was done under the supervision of the Gurkani court and received the support of famous artists. This way it turned into a unique masterpiece. To accurately identify the two types, the ways of painting in the desired versions and their distinction with the names "court art" and "mass art" were adapted.

The purpose of this research is to identify the factors influencing the art of mass painting in India and analyze the role of financial and spiritual support in the formation of Indian court art. The main question of this research is: what was the role of the court patrons in the adaptation of the illustrated versions of Hamzeh Nameh and Bhagavata Purana, and what kind of representation does it show?

The research method is descriptive-analytical and "adaptive-comparative," and it is the method of collecting library and documentary information.

The results of the studies indicate that Bhagavata Purana’s paintings, which are drawn by inferior and untrained artists and are devoid of government advertisements and support, seem to be more effective among the masses. Although some similarities can be seen in the scenes of feasts and battles in Hamzeh Nameh and Bhagavata Purana, the depiction of the epic scenes in the paintings of the Indians in Bhagavata Purana, despite their crude appearance, has a native authenticity, shows a more concrete reality, and is closer to the existing beliefs. The comparison of the two versions is, in fact, a comparison of the government's India and the people's India.

Problem statement:

 Providing temporary housing after a disaster is essential to protect the survivors and resume their daily activities, but it may not result in an actual housing transition. After three years of the flood in Chen-Soley, different forms of housing transition are observed. While in some cases, the residence transition has been done through the completion of the reconstruction of permanent housing or the incremental evolution of temporary housing, some affected households still live in temporary units or have returned to previously damaged houses, and their health and safety are at risk.

This study attempts to present a theory that can explain the transition of residence of the survivors from temporary to permanent housing in Chen-Soley village.

This research has used the qualitative approach and the grounded theory method to identify the factors affecting the transition of residence of affected households. Data collection was done through participatory observation and semi-structured interviews. Samples were selected through theoretical sampling and data analysis was carried out through qualitative data coding.

It is possible to redefine the pattern of Aq-Oi housing to transition the residence of survivors by recreating the meaning of the place. The paradigm model of the research shows that this matter depends on the causal conditions, including “the way of supporting housing provision” and “local economy,” providing “safety and security,” and “climate comfort”. Residents’ interactions regarding these conditions were classified into the categories of “community participation,” “capacities of Aq-Oi,” “sense of belonging,” “incremental evolution,” and “form of temporary housing”. Ultimately, the consequences of these interactions have appeared in the form of using “reusing options” of temporary housing, trying to “maintain cultural identity”, and, in some cases, “non-transition of residence”.