نشریه پژوهش های کاربردی در علوم رفتاری
پیاپی 52 (تابستان 1401)

Women undergoing breast cancer treatment experience a number of changes, including loss or deformity of one or both breasts, surgical wounds, skin changes, and weight gain. These changes are closely related to physical appearance and body image and often lead to decreased mental health, marital quality, and psychological stress resulting from this inappropriate body image. The aim of this study was to evaluate the validation of body image scale in breast cancer patients in Tehran. The present study was a descriptive correlational study. 250 married women with breast cancer were selected from available medical centers in Tehran. They completed the scales of body image, cyberspace dependence and quality of married life. Data analysis was performed using statistical methods, Cronbach's alpha, confirmatory factor analysis, etc. using statistical software AMOS-26 and SPSS-27. The results showed that the two-factor model of body image was appropriate for the population. Also, Cronbach's alpha coefficient of convergent and divergent validity for the whole scale and its subscales was acceptable. Due to the validity and reliability of this scale, it can be used for research and treatment activities in research and counseling centers.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of counseling based on extramarital relationships on marital instability in couples with extramarital relationships. The research design was semi-experimental, pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all couples with extramarital relationships who referred to counseling centers in Shiraz in 2021. 32 couples were selected as a sample by purposive sampling and were randomly assigned to an experimental group (16 couples) and a control group (16 couples). The intervention group underwent 60-minute extramarital relationship therapy in 11 sessions, once a week but no action was taken on the control group. The research tools of marriage instability were Edward, Johnson and Alan Booth (1987). Data analysis was done with descriptive tests (mean and standard deviation) and univariate covariance analysis using SPSS version 23 software. It showed that the treatment of extramarital relationships had an effect on the stability of marriage in unfaithful couples (P < 0.001). According to the results of this research, the treatment of extramarital relationships can be used to reduce the problems of couples and increase the stability of their lives through increasing the individual's insight into himself and the awareness of why marital infidelity occurs and escalates.

The aim of the current research was to predict child abuse during the covid-19 epidemic based on parental burnout and control. The research community was formed by all the mothers of preschool students in Qazvin city in 1401, of which 90 people were selected as a sample by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The tools used in this research were Strauss et al.'s (1998) parent-child conflict assessment questionnaire, Rozkam et al.'s (2018) parental burnout scale, and PARQ parental control questionnaire. Pearson's correlation coefficient and multivariate regression analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there is an inverse relationship between parental burnout and assertive discipline, and there is also a direct relationship between parental burnout and mental and physical abuse (p<0.05). Also, acceptance and affection have a direct relationship with firm discipline, but an inverse relationship with mental and physical abuse. Hostility/aggression also has an inverse relationship with firm discipline, but a direct relationship with mental and physical abuse. Parental rejection also has a direct relationship with mental abuse and an inverse relationship with physical abuse (p<0.05). No significant relationship was observed between other variables. The findings of this research show the importance of the relationship between parental fatigue and control and child abuse, and 30.4% of child abuse can be predicted by parental exhaustion and control.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of childhood emotional misbehavior in predicting attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and aggression in primary school children. The method of this research was descriptive correlation type. The statistical population of this research included 706 students of the fifth and sixth grades of Banjar city. A sample size of 248 people was selected based on Morgan's table. In order to collect data, Swanson, Nolan and Pelham (1980) Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Questionnaire, Bernstein et al. (2003) Childhood Abuse Questionnaire and Bass and Perry (1992) Aggression Questionnaire were used. In order to analyze the data at the level of inferential statistics, regression analysis is used, and all statistical calculations are done with the help of SPSS 24 software. The results showed that the emotional misbehavior of elementary school children could predict 53% of the changes in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and 66% of the changes in aggression at a level of 99%.

The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion-focused therapy on the quality of life and resilience of caregivers of patients with MS. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of this research included all caregivers of MS patients admitted to the MS Research Center of Sinai Hospital. Among the caregivers, 30 people were selected through available sampling and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group underwent 8 sessions of compassionfocused therapy, but the control group did not receive any intervention until the end of the study. The research tools were World Health Organization's Quality of Life Questionnaire and Connor and Davidson's Resilience Questionnaire. Research data was analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance test and spss-26 software. The results showed that the treatment focused on compassion is effective on quality of life and resilience in caregivers of patients with MS (p<0.05). Based on the results of this research, it can be said that compassion-based treatment has been able to increase the quality of life and resilience of caregivers of MS patients. Therefore, the awareness of experts in the fields of counseling, psychology and health about these variables can be helpful.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the development of a causal model of exam anxiety based on family communication patterns and parental perfectionism with the mediation of learning styles and its effectiveness on students' exam anxiety. The statistical population was 9th grade male students of Kermanshah city in the academic year of 1400-1401 (6578 people), of which 338 people were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method and random method. And in the second study, 30 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) were selected using the staged cluster sampling method. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes and the control group did not receive any training. The measurement tools were Ahvaz Test Anxiety Questionnaire (TAI), Koerner and Fitner Patrick Family Communication Patterns (RFCP), Ahvaz Perfectionism (APS) and Kolb's Learning Styles (LSI). The findings showed that family communication patterns and parents' perfectionism and learning styles have a significant causal relationship with exam anxiety. And finally, the results determined the mediating role of learning styles in the relationship between the mentioned variables, and it was also found that the educational program developed based on the extracted model was effective in reducing exam anxiety. Based on the findings, it is suggested to use the program of teaching family communication patterns, parental perfectionism and learning styles to reduce students' exam anxiety.