نشریه مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی - اقتصادی
پیاپی 1 (بهار و تابستان 1402)

This research is to investigate the relationship between the level of social modernization of citizens living in the 18th district of Tehran and their willingness to participate in the renovation of the worn-out urban fabric. It seems that the social tendencies and values ​​of people in different dimensions of participation for the purpose of physical renovation and speeding up the process of renovation of worn-out urban fabrics is a determining factor. To explain social modernization as an independent variable of modernist approaches in the field of urban planning and urban sociology, and also to explain the desire to participate in the renovation of worn-out fabric as a dependent variable, Ornstein's power model and ladder theory and John Turner's participation classification have been used. By using the survey method, questionnaire technique and simple random sampling with the size of the researched population, it has been tried to investigate the dimensions of this relationship. And by using Cochran's formula, 200 people from the 18th district of Tehran municipality (Shahid Rajaee, Vali Asr South, Sadeghieh) were selected as the research sample. In this research, Pearson's correlation test, independent t-test and F-test were used. The findings show that significance of the relationship of the main hypothesis of the research was confirmed, which means that there is a significant relationship between the social modernization of people and the level of participation in the renovation of worn-out fabric, which means that the residents have the desire to change and progress in an average level. they welcome innovation, and considering the variable contribution of participation in the renovation of worn out fabric as a dependent variable, results obtained from multivariate regression analysis in this research show that amount of changes in dependent variable that is explained by independent variable indicators in Tabbin model is equal 28.0 percent.

The physical development of the city is an essential element in any integrated urban development program. The rapid expansion in the physical form of cities in an unplanned and uneven growth in line with the various causes of irregular migration is considered one of the major problems in Iran's cities, resulting in urban sprawl. Sprawling urban areas with numerous economic and environmental impacts forced urban experts to explore strategies to deal with this phenomenon. Urban growth management is applying planning tools in a coordinated manner to guide the development of cities and towns towards desired patterns of growth. In fact, growth management uses planning tools and financial roles of states for directing urban growth and development. Over the years after the decade '30s, the city of Karaj has undergone massive social, economic, physical, and environmental changes with the growth and development of agriculture and industry around Tehran. The area and size of the city of Karaj have expanded rapidly, and its population has grown exponentially. This imbalance leads to unplanned growth in the city of Karaj. The main objective of this study was to investigate the analysis of effective factors on the process of growth management in Karaj city. The method used in this study is descriptive-analytical. Results show that, according to the physical development of Karaj city, different factors affecting growth management. As a result, the policies and rules factor such as urban zoning in urban growth management is the most influential factor in controlling sprawl growth.

To be successful today, organizations must not only look at the external environment of the organization, but also the employees, the citizens, all the people and all the nature of this planet as their members. Paying attention to social issues requires creating the necessary structures in organizations and establishing a culture of sociability and holism. Many researchers have emphasized the importance of organizational commitment in increasing corporate social responsibility. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of organizational commitment of employees on social responsibility of the organization. The statistical population of the present study includes all administrative staff of the Central Environmental Protection Organization of Tehran, whose number includes 200 people. Morgan table was used to determine the sample size. The sample size was 132 and finally 126 questionnaires were obtained by the researcher. Using Spss and PLS3 software, the desired tests were performed on the data. The results show that organizational commitment has a positive and significant effect on legal responsibility, moral responsibility, economic responsibility and national responsibility. According to the above results, the impact of organizational commitment on social responsibility was finally accepted.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the level of resilience of people in Tehran against the Corona crisis. People's resilience against the Corona crisis has become an issue that can prevent serious damages from different strata. In this study, the theoretical research model was designed using the theories of Kaempfer's resilience, Bourdieu's social capital, Sarason's social support, and Durkheim's social cohesion (based on Giddens' analysis) and the research was conducted using a survey method. The tool used to measure resilience is a researcher-made questionnaire that was randomly distributed among 416 people aged 15 to 64 living in different areas of Tehran. In the analysis of the data, it was determined that the level of resilience is equal to 3.25, which was measured through statistical tests. The main result of the research is that in the Pearson correlation test, there is a positive and significant relationship between people's resilience and the variables of social cohesion (r=0.461), social support (r=0.461) and social capital (r=0.249) in Tehran. . Also, the regression analysis showed that among the independent variables, two variables entered the equation. The beta of the social cohesion variable was estimated at 0.32, and the beta of social support was estimated at 0.28. Social capital had a significant relationship with resilience in the Pearson test, but it was not calculated in the regression coefficient analysis due to the low beta value of social capital (0.07) and its insignificant effect in the linear equation of resilience. The results of the conducted tests show that women are more resilient than men, and people with older age and higher education level, as well as residents of the northern areas of Tehran, are more resilient.

In recent decades, the family system in developing countries, including Iran, has undergone some changes and transformations due to the influence of the modernization process and the introduction of modern values and development programs. Among these changes, there are high statistics of divorce and the change in people's attitude towards divorce. Now, the main question is that what is the relationship between the process of development idealism and the attitude towards divorce? Using a survey method, the present research was conducted among over 18 year old married men and women in Tabriz city in 2018. The sample of the study includes 600 people who were chosen through the multi-stage cluster sampling method. The findings of the research show that there is a direct correlation between the idealism of development and its components (individualism, rationality, universalism, gender equality, reflexivity and secularization of religious beliefs) with the attitude towards divorce. That is, the increase in the development idealism makes positive the people's attitude towards divorce and the enormity of divorce is paled. Also, among the components of development idealism entered the regression model, only the components of reflexivity and the secularization of religious beliefs were able to significantly impact on the respondents' attitude towards divorce and explain 0.25 of the changes in the attitude towards divorce.

The current research was conducted in the form of a qualitative method and a phenomenological approach in order to identify the educational actions of families in facing the economic consequences of Corona. The statistical population of this research consisted of the families of male students of the first secondary school, living in the town of Rabat Targah, Mashhad. The sampling method in this research is non-probability sampling in a targeted manner with maximum diversity or heterogeneity among the target population. The sampling process continued until 10 cases, and after that the researcher saw the theoretical saturation of the data. To analyze the data, the seven-step Claysey method was used. Four Cuban and Lincoln criteria were used to check the validity of the research data. Research findings show that families have responded differently to these consequences. Their actions are generally of three types. Lack of investment in children's education (temporary school dropout) includes the following categories: parents' personal characteristics, financial limitations, lack of facilities. Reducing investment in children's education (continuing education with difficulty) which includes the categories of helping relatives and friends, optimizing the workforce, changing the supervisor's job, saving costs, and investing in children's education without problems (continued) education without problems) which includes the categories of parental awareness and supervision, financing and the existence of sufficient facilities.

In organizations, attracting volunteer human resources that have a high potential for individual development, have an important share in the social and economic capital of society. Given that one of the main sources and preconditions of voluntary participation is the tendency to pro-social behaviors. The aim of this study was to compare the profile of tendency to pro-social behaviors in the context of individual development among members and non-members of the Red Crescent. The framework of this research was casual comparative descriptive-cross-sectional research method. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 200 Secondary high school female students in the city of Paveh in the academic year 1399-400 who were selected by available sampling method and answered the questionnaire of Prosocial Tendencies (Kajbaf et al., 2010). The research data were analyzed using SPSS-25 software and multivariate analysis of variance. Results of multivariate analysis of variances indicated that tendency to pro-social behaviors of volunteer students (156.57±27.55. p<0.05) were significantly higher than Non-volunteer members in the Red Crescent Society (119.16±22.28, p<0.05). In general, public non-governmental organizations such as the Red Crescent, in order to achieve their humanitarian goals, not only need to attract people with desirable social qualities in helping behaviors Rather, they should try to maintain them by providing the grounds for individual development.

The role of urban planning and design as the main concepts of urban management for managing the urban crisis, means that all organs and organizations that are effective in organizing and elaborating should be under the control of a single management so that they can manage the city in a balanced way & away from inconsistencies and rework, and create a calm and sustainable environment for citizens. In this regard, the purpose of the present research is to determine the role of urban planning and design in urban management taking into account the conditions of the crisis. For this purpose, the managers and deputies of the 22 municipalities of Tehran city as experts who have relevant experience and knowledge about urban management and crisis components have been selected as a sample for collecting field data through a questionnaire.The results that are based on the research assumptions showed coordination of urban management, urban management capability to deal with crisis and responding appropriately, and coordination of urban management for post-crisis reconstruction is effective.

One of the dimensions of security in each community is its military power. The population is potentially linked with defense and security in two directions: population size and structure. Despite rapid changes in the determinants of population size and structure in Iran, It is expected that in the future size and structure of the country's population change rapidly. Changes in population growth and volume have been analyzed . According to various assumptions up to the horizon of 2066 population projection was conducted. Results showed that population age structure is moving towards the aging population, Population projection by component method based on three different fertility scenarios showed that future fertility changes will play a decisive role in demographic changes in the future of the country. The main points in the future developments of the country's population are: the balance in the population growth rate, the increase in the number of elderly in the population, decline in young people's force- especially in the low fertility scenario. higher educated population, maintaining high economic levels, reducing the number of Soldiers are eligible for military service and the number of people with military capability is reduced in the low fertility scenario. Although the population potential of the country's military and defense capabilities is slightly reduced , the military force will be more educated. Since the military power of nations today is based on skills, the future status of the military force in Iran despite its reduction in quantity in terms of quality is promising.

The people in countries with heavy debts feel sympathy and even anger towards some developed countries.Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the Impact of Economic Animosity on Consumer Ethnocentrism and Product - Country Images . In this regard, a sample of 327 people from a community of 2200 graduate students in economics and business were selected by simple random sampling method and questionnaires were distributed and structural equation technique was analyzed. results show : a ) Ethnocentrism has a negative effect on the General Image of the country and Product Receptivity. B ) There is a strong and negative relationship between consumer animosity and product Receptivity. c) Economic Animosity towards a foreign country can also increase Ethnocentrism feelings, and increase the preference for domestic products / services to express "patriotism" . D ) Consumer Ethnocentrism has a negative effect on the willingness to buy the products of the country in question. It is an enemy, but it has no effect on judging the product. E) The General Image of the country has a direct effect on product beliefs and an indirect effect on product Receptivity.Therefore, there is no doubt that the political and economic actions of a foreign country can affect consumers 'feelings of hostility or ethnicity and their images of each other, and consumers' choice to buy.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the knowledge and life experience of elites and managers of Ahvaz city from the definition, concept and dimensions of urban management. To achieve this goal, 14 elites and managers of the province were studied by phenomenological method and in-depth interview technique. According to the results, the social phenomenon of Ahwaz urban management is organized in the central themes of the meaning of urban management, accountability and interaction with people, professional ethics, knowledge sharing, committed behavior and tasks of urban management. According to the participants, in some cases, the actions taken in the field of urban management in Ahvaz are not based on the principles of management science and do not have enough depth. Emphasis on the law poses various challenges. The vacancy of symbols related to subcultures is felt in the city and also the interaction of urban management with citizens is not at a proper level.

The purpose of this research is to investigate the status of Iran's environmental indicators from a sociological perspective. In this research, an attempt has been made to look at environmental issues from a sociological point of view and to analyze the manner in which issues arise. With the development of technology and industrialization, many environmental issues have arisen due to the gap between man and nature. These issues arise in the context of social and cultural contexts. In other words, in terms of origin and consequences, environmental problems are specific to people and their social and cultural conditions, and therefore environmental issues are social categories. For this purpose, by using the data of the seventh wave (2017-2020) survey of global values ​​and with the secondary analysis method, people's environmental concern and its relationship with some variables such as post-material values, trust in the organization We measured the environmental effects of television use. The findings indicated that younger people, with post-material values ​​and with more education, give priority to environmental protection. On the other hand, a group that is older, less educated and has materialistic values ​​gives priority to economic growth.

Any discussion of justice or adâlah in the Islamic context must be related to the key concepts of balance or mîzân and moderation or wasatiyah. To be in a state of moderation means to establish a balance between two extremes. The establishment of that balance is the achievement of justice. This is because a specific attribute of adâlah is mîzân or balance. This is given by the Qur’anic view of God’s justice: “And we shall set up balances (al-muwâzîn) of justice for the day of resurrection, then none will be dealt with unjustly in anything. And if there be the weight of a mustard seed, we will bring it. And sufficient are we to take account.” [Al-Anbiyâ’ (21): 47]. It follows, therefore, that justice is moderation, that is, achieving moderation is the establishment of justice. This applies not only to God’s justice but to that of humans as well. As Ibn Khaldun noted, “justice is a balance set up among mankind.” This is in reference to social justice. This paper examines the different dimensions of moderation in society that would together define social justice. I focus on specific dichotomies such as zahir-batin, tradition-modernity, private-public, and autonomy and regulation in order to develop a contemporary understanding of moderation that satisfies the requirements for social justice. I then illustrate the efficacy of this concept of social justice with reference to two contemporary problems in the Muslim world, that of sectarianism and the destruction of heritage. This is followed by a brief discussion on the social theology of Nursi, which I present as a framework for the articulation of a contemporary understanding of social justice.