فصلنامه تحقیقات در علوم ورزشی و گیاهان دارویی
پیاپی 9 (پاییز 1401)

Various treatment methods such as herbal supplements and lifestyle modification including regular exercise have been recommended to reduce oxidative damage and improve antioxidant defense. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Purslane seed supplement and aerobic training on mitochondrial biogenesis markers and DNA damage in kidney tissue of rats toxicated by hydrogen peroxide.

To implementation of this experimental research, 54 male wistar rats randomly were divided into 9 groups. All groups received 100 mg/kg body weight of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 14 days intraperitoneal. Rats in supplemented groups received hydrophilic Purslane seed with doses of 50, 200 and 400 mg per day by gavage method. Aerobic training was performed on a treadmill at a speed of 23 m/min, 30 min/day, 5 days/week for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using by two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test at P<0.05.

The results showed that purslane seeds and the combined intervention of purslane seeds with aerobic training led to significant increase in the levels of O-6-methylguanine-DNA-methyltransferase and oxidant-prooxidant balance (PAB), as well as significant decrease the amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) in kidney tissue of rats toxicated by hydrogen peroxide (P=0.001).

It seems that aerobic exercise with purslane seeds can help to reduce the oxidative damage of kidney.

Studies show that body composition depends on the nature of sports and athletes of different fields probably have different body composition. Considering the need to know this physiological characteristic in different fields of cycling and introducing them to athletes interested in this field; The aim of present study was investigating and comparing the body composition of mountain range and non-elite road cyclists in Shiraz city.

In this practical and semi-experimental study, 20 road cyclists and 20 mountain cyclists (age 18-24) were selected as a statistical sample. Protein mass, mineral mass, soft lean mass and body fat percentage of the subjects were evaluated using the BOCA X1 Body Composition device made in South Korea. Kalmogorov-Smirnov and Independent sample t tests were used to analyze the data.

There was no significant difference in protein mass (P=0.21), mineral mass (P=0.23) and soft lean mass (P=0.96) in road and mountain cyclists; However, the percentage of body fat of road cyclists was significantly lower than road cyclists (P=0.013).

It seems that the two types of cycling have the same effect on body composition, but road cyclists had a lower body fat percentage than mountain cyclists; Due to the limitations such as lack of assessment of diet, aerobic capacity and heart function, more studies are needed in this field.

Body composition is one of the factors of health related physical fitness, which plays an important role in managing daily activities of life. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the body composition indices in the officials and experts of the cycling federation and boards.

In this study, 384 officials and experts of the cycling federation and boards and club managers of national and provincial leagues in different categories and levels were selected as a statistical sample, and then weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist to Hip ratio (WHR) was measured. Oneway analysis of variance along with Tukey's post- hoc tests were used for statistical analyze of findings (P≤0.05).

The number of people with BMI in the overweight range was significantly higher than the number of people in the normal and obesity range (P≤0.05), and also the number of people with abdominal obesity WHR was higher than people with normal WHR (P≤0.05).

It seems that the officials and experts of the cycling federation and boards do not have favorable body composition.

Identifying barriers to sports participation during corona outbreaks is essential to enhance student participation in sports activities. The present study examined the barriers to participation in sports activities during the home quarantine of the Covid_19 virus (second semester 98-99 students of Qom University).

This research is a descriptive-analytical and survey type and has been done as an online call. The statistical population included all students in the second semester of 98-99. Finally, 200 people participated in this study as a sample and answered the questionnaire. The questionnaire was a five-point Likert scale whose face and content validity was confirmed by 12 professors of sports management and its reliability was calculated in a pilot study using Cronbach's alpha (0.82) from heuristic orthogonal rotation factor analysis to identify factors. Used in the exploratory factor analysis, out of 21 questions in the barrier questionnaire, 21 questions with appropriate factor loading were divided into four factors: environmental, psychological, intrapersonal and time constraints.

Environmental factor with an average of 26.90 was the most important factor and time limit with an average of 9.87 was the least important factor. The factors obtained in this study were determined based on the following criteria: a) Initial knowledge of the number of factors based on article review, b) Selection of factors based on specific values greater than 1, c) Using the criterion to describe variance e) Ability to understand adapted factors.

Paying attention to the factors (obstacles) identified in this research and removing them can provide the ground for more students to participate in sports activities during the home quarantine of the Covid_19 virus or other similar conditions.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of corrective exercises on knee position and static and dynamic balance of student athletes with braced knees. The present study is a quasi-experimental study with pre-test-post-test design. The statistical population consisted of male high school students in Mashhad in the academic year 1399-1400. Among them, 30 people with first or second degree braces (up to 2.5 cm first degree and 2.5 to 5 cm second degree) were selected and randomly divided into two groups of 15 experimental and control Were. Knee distance, static balance and dynamic balance were measured by caliper, stork and Y balance tests, respectively. The subjects in the experimental group practiced for 12 weeks, 3 sessions per week and 60 minutes in each session. For statistical analysis of the data, combined analysis of variance was used with the help of SPSS22 statistical software. The results showed that after the training period, there was a significant decrease in the distance between the knees and a significant increase in static and dynamic balance. Anterior direction, internal posterior and external posterior were seen. According to the results, it can be acknowledged that the corrective exercises performed in the form of training protocol presented in the present study, improve the braced knee, and the balance of students with braced knee.

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of beetroot supplementation on oxidative stress and delayed onset muscle soreness after an exhaustive eccentric exercise in competitive soccer players.

20 male competitive football players of Mashhad, aged between 17 and 19 years, were randomly assigned to placebo and beetroot groups. On the pre-test day, both groups participated in an exhaustive eccentric exercise. Then, for 2 weeks, the supplement group received beetroot extract and the placebo group received flour powder (200 mg daily dose with identical capsules). After two weeks, both groups again participated in the same physical activity as the pre-test (post-test). Before and 24 hours after both activities, blood samples were taken and muscle pain was measured. CK, LDH, GPX, SOD and MDA levels were measured for each blood sample.

The results showed that muscle pain and levels of CK, LDH, GPX and MDA increased significantly after eccentric exercise, but their increase in the beetroot group was significantly lower than the placebo group (P<0.05).

Probably, the short-term supplementation of beet reduces the rate of delayed onset muscle soreness following a bout of eccentric resistance activity due to its antioxidant substances.