نشریه چشم انداز شهرهای آینده
سال دوم شماره 4 (پیاپی 8، زمستان 1400)

In the last decade, there have been several challenges in the environmental, social and economic fields of cities, which have increased with the increasing growth of cities and urban population. But today, dou to the social and economic role of cities in communities, these urbanization challenges must be overcome with the help of urban development officials and sustainable solutions all over the world. In urban literature, there are many concepts and approaches to provide a picture of the future of cities that one of the most important of them is the concept of smart city. The present study, in the field of urban foresight, seeks to provide solutions for more effective foresight around the smart city of Isfahan in horizon 1420 according to this concept. The approach of this qualitative research is applied and in order to conduct this research in the pre-foresight stage, first, with the help of environmental scanning and library studies, various definitions of smart city were collected from differents articles. As a foresight stage, by doing backcasting for the smart city, solutions were provided for turning Isfahan into a smart city in the form of a roadmap. The necessary infrastructure for the production of renewable energy, increasing the ecological resilience of Isfahan and creating a basis for the startup economy are the most important components of the smart roadmap of Isfahan.

Governance is a structure and process for determining how to use available resources for public profit. Governance is associated not only with formal and governmental institutions as well as urban and regional institutions that formally administer public affairs, but also includes the activities of many other political and social groups. Governance is the art of governing and the best way to govern and manage the public interest. In this study, the aim is to evaluate the index of good urban governance in the 22nd district of Tehran, regarding to integrated management at the national (infrastructure and legal bases) and regional, local (organizations and municipalities at the regional and local level). Method of this research is descriptive-analytical that library-documentary sources, questionnaires and field surveys have been used to collect the required data. Since the views of citizens and managers of District 22, on the status of good urban governance index and especially contribution index have been compared, the sample size in this study is 322 citizens of District 22, and 50 urban managers of the municipality.

Nowadays, in urban planning, attention to spatial justices is essential as the main approach in analyzing the distribution of urban utility land uses. In this research, the possibility of spatial justice and the distribution of urban utility land uses (green, religion, cultural, sports, educational and health land uses) was analyzed using the Moran’s I spatial autocorrelation in GIS for Tehran’s district 4. The type of research is applicable, in terms of purpose and the research method is descriptive, analytical and quantitative. To perform the analysis, the areas of any urban utility land uses was calculated separately and also land use layers were used as autocorrelation model input in GIS. The research results show due to the significant accumulation of educational and green land use layers, these two layers have no proper spatial distribution and this is because the Z-score values of these two land use layers are beyond the range of +1.96 and -1.96 at the 95% confidence level. Educational land use has per capita deficient, on the contrary, green land use has a per capita surplus and despite this per capita surplus, due to the high accumulation of this land use in some locations, many urban neighborhoods in this region suffer from a lack of green land use. And this is because of the unequal distribution of these land uses at the regional level. For other utility land uses, although the general pattern of Moran's spatial autocorrelation is random, the features of these land uses clustered at some locations locally. In addition, they also lack per capita. Accordingly, it is necessary to review the detailed plan after studying the zoning of detailed plan.

Increasing migration to the suburbs has led to the formation of suburban areas in large cities, so it makes city managers more determined to find a solution to the situation. The present research has been done by descriptive-analytical method in the suburban area of ​​Shahid Bahonar town of Mashhad. The method of data collection is field (observation and interview) and a questionnaire. The questionnaires were validated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and their reliability was confirmed, so among the statistical population of 33937 people, based on Cochran's formula, 380 questionnaires were randomly distributed among residents and 30 questionnaires were distributed among urban planning experts The method of data collection is field (observation and interview) and a questionnaire.  After performing the t-student statistical test, the first hypothesis "seems to be a participatory approach and attention to the needs of residents in the study of recognizing the scope of project preparation in Shahid Bahonar town of Mashhad is lower than average" and the second hypothesis "seems. The deep gap between the components studied by the consultant and the components considered by the experts (experts in the field of urban planning in the suburbs) is also one of the reasons for not realizing the detailed plan of Shahid Bahonar town of Mashhad "was approved.

Building Information Modeling (BIM), combined with information technology with architecture and construction, is known as a fundamental change in the management, measurement and monitoring of construction process as online and throughout the entire whole process and life cycle of construction.In the meantime, the issue of coordination in the use of the theoretical resources of the humanities has become an issue of identity during these technical advances. In such a way that the governments have demanded the synchronization of the theoretical field (Firmware) with the practical fields (soft and hardware) in relation to each other, so that we do not see the emergence of unsupported theoretical technologies. In such a way that the need to examine Theoretical evidence and hidden capacities of these development projects are already emerging more than ever.  The growing and undeniable importance of this technology led to the formation of many “technologically research” studies in this field, in such a way that less attention has been paid to the study of its theoretical supports and capabilities. So, the main aim is that what are the capabilities of this technology in using the achievements and theoretical capabilities in the related processes. This qualitative study with a fundamental approach, using library documents and analytical explanation, aims to answer the questions.  Based on the existing capabilities and proposed changes in this research, there is a huge potential in this technology for shaping its next generation due to the role of theoretical bases in the field related to aquatic.

Organizational development is highly dependent on human resources. It can even be said that human resources are the most important resources of any organization; Therefore, it needs a new approach in the planning and decision-making system called strategic foresight. Because traditional approaches to strategic planning in the face of environmental turbulence and uncertainty are not flexible and do not have the appropriate response. The present research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature. In order to conduct the research, the method mixed with the successive exploration strategy has been used. In this regard, the present study tries to identify and analyze the key drivers first by using two methods of foresight, namely cross-impact analysis and scenario planning, and then draws scenarios for human resources in Qazvin Municipality. As a result of identifying the two key uncertainties "Database and computer software for human resource information modeling" and "Management and staff commitment" right, the scenarios of digital municipality, snow municipality and silent municipality are formed from the interaction of these two factors. Drawing scenarios shows us which scenario we are moving towards (digital municipality) and if we want to move towards the desired scenario, ie digital municipality scenario, what drivers should be considered.