International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
Volume:11 Issue: 3, Jul 2023

Caesarean section (CS) rates are continuing to rise worldwide. Elective repeat CS(ERCS) greatly contribute to the rising rate which increases unnecessary risks of maternal and neonatalmorbidity and mortality. Vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC) is a safe mode of birth for most women;however, uptake remains low. Our objective is to find the factors that influence women’s decisionmakingto support informed choices for the mode of next birth after caesarean section (NBAC).

A literature search was conducted in CINAHL, Maternity and Infant Care, Embase, EmCare,Cochrane Library and Medline databases. Primary, qualitative, peer reviewed, English languageresearch articles were assessed according to inclusion/exclusion criteria. Articles were systematicallyassessed for inclusion or exclusion. Included studies were assessed using the Critical Appraisal SkillsProgramme qualitative studies checklist, Noblit and Hare’s seven-step meta-ethnography approachsynthesised themes.

Fourteen primary research articles were included. Six studies on 287 women focused onVBAC, and eight studies examined both VBAC and ERCS with 1861 women and 311 blogs. Thematicanalysis yielded four primary themes: Influence of health professionals, impact of previous birthexperience, optimal experience, and being in control.

This meta-ethnography highlights health professionals’ influence on women’s decisionmaking. To assist in decision-making, women need supportive health professionals who providethe current evidence-informed information about risks and benefits of each mode of birth. Healthprofessionals need skills to provide supportive shared decision-making, debrief women regardingindications for their primary caesarean, and address issues of safety, fear, and expectations of childbirth.

The experience of hot flashes during menopause has a negative effect on quality oflife and can cause disturbance in the workplace and disrupt daily activities. Phytoestrogens in Salviaofficinalis reduce menopause symptoms due to their anti-dopaminergic effects. This study wasconducted to systematically review and summarize the results of clinical trials on the effect of Salviaofficinalis on hot flashes in postmenopausal women.

In this systematic review, databases including Pubmed, Web of Science, Cochrane library,Scopus, SID, and Magiran were searched using keywords such as menopause, hot flashes, Salviaofficinalis, and herbal medicines; all possible combinations of these words were used with the Booleanoperators of “OR” and “AND”. To evaluate the quality of articles, we used Cochrane’s Risk of biastools.

After eliminating the duplicates, a total of 148 articles were found. Following the exclusion ofirrelevant articles, 4 studies with number of 310 people were examined. Among them, 3 out of 4 studiesexamined the effect of Salvia officinalis on the frequency of hot flashes, 3 out of 4 studies examinedthe severity of hot flashes, and only 1 out of 4 studies examined the effect of Salvia officinalis on theduration of hot flashes. All 4 reviewed studies indicated that the use of Salvia officinalis reduced thefrequency and severity of hot flashes in postmenopausal women. Meta-analysis results showed that theeffect of Salvia Officinalis on the frequency [ES=-1.12 (%95 CI:-2.37; 0.14), I2=71%] of hot flashes inpostmenopausal women was significant compared to placebo, but severity [ES=-2.05 (%95 CI:-6.53;2.43), I2=70%] was not significant.

Salvia officinalis can be used to reduce the frequency of menopausal hot flashes. Expansiveuse of this plant can be suggested in case it is confirmed in further investigations.

Husband involvement in prenatal care is a relatively new concept in Iran. This studyaimed to determine the effects of husband involvement in prenatal care on couples’ intimacy andpostpartum blues in primiparous pregnant women. This quasi-experimental study was performed on 72 primiparous pregnant women witha gestational age of 20-36 weeks in Rafsanjan in 2021 (January to September). After conveniencesampling, the participants were assigned to control (N=36) and intervention groups (N=36). Participantsin the intervention group were accompanied by their husbands and received routine prenatal careand virtual training. Participants in the control group received routine prenatal care without husbandinvolvement. The Unidimensional Relationship Closeness Scale was completed before the interventionand two weeks after delivery, and the postpartum blues Stein questionnaire was completed one weekafter delivery. Data were analysed through SPSS V. 22 and using independent two-sample t-test, pairedt-test, chi-square, Fisher’s exact tests, and Pearson correlation coefficient with a significance level ofP<0.05. The results showed that 5 women (15.2%) in the intervention group and 26 (72.2%) in thecontrol group suffered from postpartum blues after intervention (P<0.001). There was no statisticallysignificant difference in the mean of couples’ intimacy between the two groups after the intervention(P=0.08), but the mean score of change in the couples’ intimacy was significantly different across thetwo groups (P=0.01). Husband involvement in prenatal care seems to be able to reduce the incidence ofpostpartum blues but may possibly increase the couples’ intimacy. Therefore, it can be suggested thatmidwives consider husband involvement in prenatal care.

Getting overweight after pregnancy is a common phenomenon and getting back topre-pregnancy weight in the postpartum period is a major concern for mothers. This study aimed toexplain the challenges in performing post-pregnancy weight-management behaviors in nulliparouswomen being overweight and obese due to pregnancy. The present qualitative study was conducted with the conventional qualitative contentanalysis method based on Granheim and Landman’s approach from October to December in 2021. Inthis study, participants were 15 women who referred to comprehensive health service centers in Tehran,Iran; they were purposefully selected according to the inclusion criteria. Data were collected throughindividual, in-depth, and semi-structured face-to-face interviews and simultaneously analyzed usingthe MAXQ Data version 10 software. The mean age of the participants was 25.93±3.21 years. Data analysis resulted in three maincategories: 1) failure to adhere to calorie-restricted diets, 2) inability to engage in physical activity, and3) lack of adequate social support. Women with obesity due to pregnancy face many challenges to improve their weightcontrolbehaviors. As such, improving healthy behaviors not only requires relevant stakeholders’commitment, but also demands women, their families and communities’ intention to engage in healthybehaviors.

Patient education is considered as an essential part of diabetes control. This researchis conducted to compare the effect of education using team-based learning (TBL) method and lecturemethod on blood pressure (BP), serum levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c), and Body mass index (BMI) in the elderly with diabetes. This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 61 elderly patients with type 2 diabetesin diabetes clinics in Rafsanjan, during October 2018 to January 2019. Patients were selected usingsimple random sampling. They were divided into two groups of TBL and lecture-based learning. Foreach group, educational content was presented through 2-hour sessions held once a week for 1 months.FBS, HbA1c, BMI, and BP were measured at baseline and 3 months after the intervention. Data wereanalyzed through SPSS 21, using Chi-square test, independent t-test, and paired t-test; A P-value<0.05was considered as significant. After the intervention, the TBL group had a significant decrease in systolic and diastolic BPcompared to the lecture group (P<0.001). Before and 3 months after the intervention in the TBL group,there was a significant decrease between the means of FBS (P=0.01), HbA1c (P<0.001), and systolicand diastolic BP (P<0.001), but in the lecture group, only the systolic BP showed a significant decrease(P<0.001). TBL method had more effects on controlling diabetes type 2 in the elderly than thelecture method. It is suggested that health providers should consider TBL for the education of theelderly with diabetes.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide. Screeningprograms are the most common prevention methods. Perceived social support and fear are twoimportant factors affecting women’s participation in breast cancer screening. This study aimed todetermine the relationship between fear of BC and perceived social support among women in TorbatHeydarieh, northeast of Iran.

This study is an online cross-sectional survey that was conducted on 352 women inTorbat Heydarieh city of Northeast Iran, from October 26th, 2021 to December 26th, 2022. Alongwith collecting sociodemographic characteristics, the Breast Cancer Fear Scale (BCFS), and theMultidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support were electronically administered to participants.Data were analyzed through SPSS software version 25, using independent samples t-tests, one-wayanalysis, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression models. The statisticalsignificance level was set at P<0.05.

The mean score for the BCFS was 20.67±1.03 which was in the moderate range for the totalscore of 40. Assessment of perceived social support indicated a moderate level of perceived supportfor all dimensions. Also, a significant correlation was found between the women’s BCFS scores andperceived social support (r=-0.29, P<0.001).

We found that there was a negative statistically significant correlation between the BCFand social support. Therefore, this study suggests that healthcare providers pay attention to thesefactors. Moreover, further research is needed to explore the long-term effects of BCF due to low socialsupport.

Home care, as a new form of healthcare services, is extending all over the world. This care is providedat the patients’ homes with the assistance and interaction between caregivers, patients, and families.Home care services include 24hr care, monitoring patient conditions, training medication uses, painmanagement, physiotherapy, speech therapy, parenteral nutrition, training patients and their families,and other similar services. In addition to reducing the imposed costs on patients and health systems,home care as an alternative to some hospital services, enhances the patients and their families’satisfaction, shortens the length of hospital stay, and reduces the problems associated with the presenceand hospitalization of patients in hospitals.1

Nursing education as a part of the higher education system is developing in recent years in the world,and the competence of the graduates in response to the needs of society is one of the main goals ofthe nursing education curriculum.1 Over the coming years, the health system will be influenced byvarious factors such as the aging of the population and the issue of epidemiological displacement,emergence of re-emerging and emerging diseases, and, as a result, increased health care costs.2 Forcost-effective care, several health care interventions can be effectively performed in society or athome.3 During the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for home care increased. Despite many challengesthat the COVID-19 pandemic imposed on the health systems, the pandemic was an opportunity thatled to the development of some capabilities in many countries, including the development of homecare services. Home care services can act as a support for health services and reduce the burden onthe health system.4