International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
Volume:12 Issue: 2, Apr 2024

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in childhood which accounts for numerousannual hospitalizations due to a lack of management and proper management of the disease. Thus,this study aimed to evaluate the effect of using an educational booklet with or without combinationwith motivational interviewing (MI) on the self-efficacy of parents/caregivers in the control andmanagement of childhood asthma. A clinical trial was carried out with 86 parents/caregivers of children with asthma agedbetween 2 and 12 years who were followed up in primary health care units from March 2019 toDecember 2020. Participants were randomly assigned to two groups: one of the groups read the bookletand the other read the booklet combined with the MI. The Brazilian version of the Self-Efficacy andTheir Child’s Level of Asthma Control scale was applied before and 30 days after the interventionfor assessment of self-efficacy. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0 and R 3.6.3 software. Pvalues<0.05 were considered significant. There were 46 participants in the booklet group and 40 in the booklet and MI group. Bothgroups were effective in increasing total self-efficacy scores after the intervention (P<0.001). Nostatistically significant difference was found between the scores of the two groups (P=0.257). The educational booklet with or without combination with MI can increase the selfefficacyof parents/caregivers of children with asthma. The findings could be considered by healthcareproviders for the empowerment of caregivers of children with asthma in the control and managementof their children’s asthma.Trial Registration Number: U1111-1254-7256.

Vaccine hesitancy among parents directly affects the child’s vaccination status sincethey are the legal decision-makers regarding vaccinating their children. The study aimed to describethe perceptions of highly educated Kazakhstani mothers about childhood vaccination hesitancy. The study utilized a thematic analysis to explore the mothers’ perceptions. A sample of95 participants comprehensively answered the free-text questions in an online questionnaire fromJanuary to February 2023. The analysis of the free-text responses followed a semantic thematicanalysis approach. The data were coded manually. From the in-depth analysis of the data, 285 initial codes were extracted. The combination ofsimilar meanings and concept codes led to 14 sub-themes and finally yielded four significant themes:misconceptions about childhood vaccination, fear of the effect of vaccine on children, distrust of thehealthcare system, and social learning factors. The perceptions of Kazakh mothers about childhood vaccination hesitancy may leadto behaviors of delaying and refusing some or all childhood vaccines. Therefore, motivational andeducational strategies can be used by healthcare providers to instill trust in parents about childhoodvaccines and their safety and effectiveness.

Having a parent with cancer is one of the risk factors for adolescents, which makes themface many psychological problems. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of HappinessEducational Program of Fordyce on the sense of coherence and psychological well-being of adolescentswho have a parent with cancer. In this randomized clinical trial study, 92 adolescents whose diagnosed parents havereferred to the oncology ward of Shahid Rajaei Hospital in Yasuj, from June to September 2021, wereselected through the convenience sampling method; however, they were randomly assigned to oneof the two groups of the intervention or control. The number of sessions in the intervention groupwas 6, each consisting of 60 minutes and performed one day a week for 6 weeks. In addition to thedemographic information form, the Antonovsky’s Sense of Coherence Questionnaire-13 and the Ryff’sscale of Psychological Well-being-18 were used before and immediately after the intervention. Datawere analyzed through SPSS software, version 21, using statistical tests of Chi-square, t-test, Fisher’sexact, Mann-Whitney, and Wilcoxon. After the intervention, statistically significant differences were observed in the median scoresof the sense of coherence (P<0.001) and psychological well-being (P<0.001) between the two groupsof intervention and control. Although the Happiness Educational Program of Fordyce could improve the senseof coherence and psychological well-being of adolescents who have a parent with cancer, moreinvestigations are recommended to be conducted.Trial Registration Number: IRCT20210331050795N1.

The prevalence of breastfeeding is less common among adolescent mothers than adultmothers. These mothers experience various issues during breastfeeding. The present study aimed toexplore the normative needs of adolescent mothers during breastfeeding from health care providers’perspective. This qualitative content analysis study was conducted from October 2022 until June 2023.14 health care providers who had worked in the field of breast milk were purposefully selected withmaximum variation. Face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted and sampling continueduntil data saturation. Data analysis was performed using Graneheim and Lundman’s method withMAXQDA software version 10. The main concepts obtained from the data were classified into one theme entitled,“comprehensive support”, and seven categories including “need to correct wrong traditional beliefs”,“educational and counseling needs”, “providing quality services”, “need for psychological support”,“need for protective laws”, “financial needs”, and “the need for social network support”. Adolescent mothers in Iran have various needs during breastfeeding, and they requirethe assistance of their families, healthcare providers, and the government to fulfill them. Therefore, itis also recommended that policymakers in the health system should design policies to accommodatethe requirements of this group of mothers. In addition to policy development in the health system, theinfrastructure required for policy and law to be executed should be considered.

Despite the increasing growth of female genital cosmetic procedures, the long-term effects ofthese procedures are not clearly understood. This study was conducted to compare the genital self-image andsexual function in women with and without female genital cosmetic procedures. This cross-sectional study was conducted on 315 participants (210 women without a history of genitalcosmetic surgery and 105 women with it) in Alborz province, Iran, from early February 2023 to mid-May 2023.The sampling was done conveniently. Data collection instruments were Female Genital Self Image Scale andFemale Sexual Function Index. Statistical analysis was done in SPSS 16 software using t-test, chi-square, andlogistic regression, and P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The use of laser to tighten the vagina with 77.77% and Perineoplasty with 29.2% were the maincosmetic procedures. The mean duration passed from the surgical procedures was 4.79±3.60 years, while it was1.13±0.74 years for non-surgical procedures. Women with a history of genital procedures had a higher mean age(39.45±10.38, P=0.023). However, they were lower regarding the level of education (P<0.001), family income(P<0.001), and exercise (P<0.001). Also, they showed a higher number of pregnancies (P<0.001), deliveries(P<0.001), vaginal delivery (P<0.001), episiotomy (P<0.001), and neonates with a weight of ≥3.5 kg (P=0.002).In both groups, midwives and doctors were the most important sources of information about the appearance andfunction of reproductive system. However, the genital self-image and sexual function of the two groups did notdiffer significantly (P>0.05). No difference in sexual self-image and lack of difference in sexual function after cosmeticprocedures show the need to pay attention to recommending and selecting these procedures. Public awarenessabout the diverse and natural forms of the female genitalia, education about the variety of the factors affectingsexual function, reduction of unnecessary interventions, increase in physiological births, retraining doctorsand midwives, and multidimensional counseling can help to choose more appropriate candidates for cosmeticprocedures.

The integration of emergency psychiatric care into basic healthcare services must be given top priority due to the continued prevalence of mental health disorders as a major public health concern

Given the growing trend of population aging worldwide and the rising prevalence of chronic diseases in this age group, the need to care for older adults is increasing, which puts a heavy burden on family caregivers