نشریه پرستاری و مامایی ارومیه
سال بیست و یکم شماره 2 (پیاپی 163، اردیبهشت 1402)

Recently, the world has faced many unnatural disasters and crises, leaving many deaths and financial repercussions. As the most populous medical group, nurses play an important role in crisis management. The present study aimed to determine the preparedness, knowledge, and attitude of nurses working in emergency departments in dealing with the unnatural disaster crisis.

The present descriptive study was conducted on 310 nurses working in the emergency departments of hospitals affiliated with the Universities of Medical Sciences of Tabriz and Urmia. The participants were selected by quota sampling. Data were collected using a nurse demographic characteristic questionnaire, emergency preparedness information, and knowledge and attitude questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and SPSS software version 18.

The mean age of nurses was 34 years, and the mean work experience was 5.60 years. In addition, 82.5% of nurses had a bachelor's degree. 66.45% of the nurses had not completed any courses related to chemical, biological, radioactive, and nuclear disasters. The overall mean (standard deviation) of readiness, knowledge, and attitude scores were 57.95 (20.98), 9.7 (5.58), and 29.31 (8.10), respectively. Nurses' preparedness was at a weak level in dealing with unnatural disasters, and their knowledge and attitude was in an average level.

Nurses, as the first line of care and treatment, need to be trained concerning unnatural chemical, microbial, nuclear, and radioactive incidents. This training can be provided by incorporating relevant content into the nursing education curriculum or as on-the-job service courses.

Nurses, as one of the important groups in the health field, are exposed to problems such as compassion fatigue, which requires empathy as an important characteristic. Thus, therapeutic interventions to reduce compassion fatigue and increase empathy should be considered. Therefore, this research aimed to study the effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) group therapy on compassion fatigue and empathy of nurses.

The present study was a semi-experimental study. Sixty nurses working in Arefian Hospital in Urmia were randomly selected and divided into two Mindfulness based Stress Reduction (30 people) and control (30 people) groups in the spring and summer of 2022-2023. They completed the Figley’s Compassion Fatigue questionnaire (1995) and the empathy scale of Baron-Cohen (2003) before and after the intervention and after two months of follow-up. The data were analyzed by repeated measure analysis of variance with SPSS v.22 software.

The results of variance analysis showed that the Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction group intervention was effective on compassion fatigue (p < 0.01) and empathy (p < 0.05) of nurses. Furthermore, the effects of therapeutic intervention on compassion fatigue and Empathy was maintained until follow-up (p < 0.01).

According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Group therapy effectively reduced compassion fatigue and increased nurses' empathy. Using this intervention in clinical settings is recommended to reduce the nurses' problems of being exposed to much stress in the work environment.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, nursing researchers have conducted various studies on different dimensions of this disease. Therefore, recognizing and evaluating research and scientific activities is very necessary for research planning and policy making. The present study was conducted to investigate the topics of approved nursing research projects on the subject of coronavirus in Iran.

This study is a scoping review based on the five steps proposed by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), including identifying and determining research questions, identifying relevant studies, selecting studies, tabulating data, summarizing, and reporting. The results were conducted between 2019 and 2021.

The results showed that the largest number of approved research projects were related to the patients with Corona and their families, as well as nurses and health care providers. In this field, the studies were mostly focused on psychological issues such as anxiety, death, stress, and depression. In the field of patient and family, it is necessary to investigate the development of nursing care models and theories as well as the relevance of nursing theories and their effect on nursing care of patients with covid-19 so that, we could be able to improve the quality of care by applying nursing theories in the nursing process of caring for patients with Covid-19. In the field of nurses and care providers, it is necessary to conduct more studies on nurses' willingness to provide care for patients with infectious diseases, and examine nurses’ competence in caring for patients with infectious diseases, including Covid-19. Fewer studies have been conducted in the field of nursing students and faculty members, as well as healthcare service provider systems. In this area, most research was related to the quality of virtual education, the strengths and weaknesses of this educational method, and the faculty members’ ability to use them. E-learning may affect students' health and academic outcomes; hence further research is needed. In the field of healthcare service provider systems, it is necessary to conduct more research on human resource management. It is also necessary to design innovative strategic models to provide human resources.

The results of the present research can help nursing researchers, professors and faculty members, managers and policy makers of the nursing profession in identifying more and faster research topics needed and in line with research priorities, and therefore lead to the increase of the growing body of knowledge about the Corona issue.

Identifying barriers to conducting research in nursing and eliminating existing barriers by providing research improvement strategies can enhance the quality of nursing care by expanding nursing knowledge. Hence, this study was conducted to explore the experiences of nursing professors about barriers to research in nursing and strategies to improve it.

Methods & Materials: 

The current study used a qualitative study with a content analysis approach in Urmia nursing school in 2020. The samples were selected among the faculty members by purposive sampling. The data were collected through open and semi-structured interviews with 14 faculty members with at least 4-four years of experience. Granheim and Landmann's 6-step content analysis method was used to analyze the data.

The two overarching categories of "inhibitors" and "strategies" were obtained after analyzing the data. The category of inhibitors was supported by two sub-categories of organizational barriers and human barriers. Moreover, the strategies category was supported by four sub-categories: organizational support, clinical support, empowering nursing researchers, and intensifying supervision and control of research works.

The results showed that different barriers are raised by universities, hospitals, nurses, and nursing professors in nursing research, and providing strategies for nursing organizations, nurses, and educators could be practical to promote the nursing profession and improve research-based practices.

Effective breastfeeding is influenced by breastfeeding self-efficacy and maternal health literacy. This research evaluated breastfeeding self-efficacy and health literacy in breastfeeding mothers in Sirjan in 2020.

This study was a cross-sectional study with a descriptive-analytical approach. Three hundred and eighty-four breastfeeding mothers were recruited using stratified random sampling. Data were gathered through the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale-short form (BSES-SF) and health literacy for adults (HELIA) questionnaire and were analyzed using SPSS version 24 and by descriptive and analytical (Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis, and Spearman correlation) tests.

Data analysis showed that the breastfeeding self-efficacy status of mothers was good, with a mean and standard deviation of 53.25±8.35. There was also a significant relationship between breastfeeding self-efficacy and occupation, income, and source of receiving health education (p<0.05). In addition, the level of health literacy of mothers, with a mean and standard deviation of 23.65 ± 18.35, was insufficient and had a significant relationship with the mother's job, income, source of receiving health education, fertility method, whether or not to have children and the consumption of nutrients during breastfeeding (p<0.05).

Breastfeeding self-efficacy and mothers' health literacy of breastfeeding mothers in Sirjan need to be improved, so interventions are necessary to improve the current situation. In addition, demographic characteristics should be considered.

By affecting people's psychological dimension and mental tension, the coronavirus led to many mental disorders, among which the medical staff was at high risk of suffering from mental disorders during this period. The researchers decided to conduct a study to provide a structural model of mindfulness, emotional dysregulation, neuroticism, and conscientiousness with the mental health of nurses with the mediating role of stress tolerance in the Corona situation.

The current research was correlation and path analysis, and 249 people were selected as the study sample by convenience sampling method. Participants completed the mindfulness questionnaire (Brown and Ryan, 2003), the emotional dysregulation questionnaire (Romer and Gratz, 2004), the distress tolerance questionnaire (Simmons and Gaher, 2005), and the five-factor personality inventory (Costa and McCree, 1987). To analyze the data, SPSS version 27 software was used, and due to the existence of the mediator variable, path analysis and Lisrel software were used.

The results of the path analysis test showed that the research model has a moderate to good fit. The results showed that the model's predictor variables (mindfulness, emotion dysregulation, neuroticism, and conscientiousness) and mediator (distress tolerance) could explain 68% of the variance of the mental health criterion variable. According to the results, the two variables of mindfulness and emotion dysregulation were effective on nurses' mental health both directly and through the mediation of distress tolerance. Neuroticism was only directly effective on mental health, and conscientiousness had no direct or indirect effect on mental health (P > 0.05).

Considering the importance of mental health in the work environment, it is concluded that low mindfulness, emotional dysregulation and high neurotic personality traits, low conscientiousness, and intolerance in nurses have many problems on nurses’ health., and reduce the optimal performance of nurses in the work environment and disturbs their mental health.

Living with a temporary or permanent ostomy affects the quality of a patient's life and requires patients' education to care for themselves. Education is one of the ways to increase individuals' quality of life. The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of virtual education on different dimensions of quality of life in the patients with intestinal ostomy referred to the hospitals of Kermanshah province, Iran in 2020-2021.

This quasi-experimental study with before and after design was conducted on 61 patients with intestinal ostomies selected by simple sampling from May to July 2021. Participants first responded to Weir and Sherborn's quality of life, then were trained in a self-care plan to practice self-care at home. Two months after the intervention, questionnaires were distributed and completed again among the patients. The paired t-test, Wilcoxon, and SPSS statistical software v.20 were used for data analysis.

The mean score of patients' quality of life before the intervention was 34.05 ± 16.53, reaching 49.63 ± 21.59 after the intervention. Based on paired t-test, this difference was significant (P<0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean of all aspects of the patient's quality of life except general health before and after the intervention (P<0.005).

Distance education and counseling can improve the quality of life in ostomy patients. Therefore, considering the high prevalence of colorectal cancer and the unfortunate consequences of its poor control, such as physical and mental-psychological complications, loss of quality of life, and increased number of hospitalizations, being in the hospital and imposing high costs on the patient, family, and society, and considering the prevalence of infectious diseases such as covid-19 in the society, it is possible to use virtual self-care training through smartphones to solve this problem.

Self-efficacy, which means people's trust in their abilities and capabilities in critical situations, can be related to life satisfaction, and it is one of the components related to people's health and happiness. This study aimed to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and life satisfaction in pregnant women.

This descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in 2021 on 135 pregnant women who were selected randomly. The data collection tool included a checklist of personal-social characteristics of the expectant mother, gestational age, number of pregnancies, and sex of the fetus. The second part included the main variables of the study, i.e., life satisfaction and self-efficacy. Due to the hidden nature of the life satisfaction variable, latent profile analysis was used for optimal classification with the least error. Descriptive analysis, chi-square, and one-way analysis of variance were performed in Stata-16 software, and latent profile analysis by MPLUS 8.3.

The general self-efficacy score of pregnant women had a significant difference based on fetal gender (P=0.0004), number of pregnancies (P=0.04), and gestational age (P=0.002); However, based on the variables of occupation (P=0.667), mother's education (P=0.345), and age group (P=0.439), there was no statistically significant difference. Profiles of life satisfaction based on the variables of fetal sex (P=0.744), number of pregnancies (0.521), gestational age (0.194), occupation (P=0.433), mother's education (P=0.429) and age group (P=0.563) was not statistically significant. In addition, the pregnant women's general self-efficacy score had no statistically significant difference based on the life satisfaction profiles (P=0.152).

Typically, general self-efficacy is not correlated with life satisfaction in pregnant women. Maybe indirect self-efficacy (for example as mediator) can justify this issue.