فصلنامه علوم و فنون نظامی
پیاپی 63 (بهار 1402)

Climate is one of the most important factors in enhancing combat capability in military units. The purpose of this study is spatial analysis of climate hazards affecting military activities in the southern half of the country. For the study, data from 55 synoptic stations with a statistical period of 22 years were used. Dust storms, heat stress, heavy rainfall and sultry conditions were identified as the most important climate hazards affecting military activities in the study area. The frequency of days with dust storm in the north of Sistan and Baluchestan province and in Zabol and Zahak stations is the highest and in terms of temporal behavior, in late spring and summer has the highest frequency of occurrence. The highest frequency of heavy rainfall in the study area was in autumn and winter. Summer is almost the whole region with heat stress. In summer and spring, the highest frequency of sultry intensity has occurred in coastal stations. From the combination of fuzzy maps in GIS software, climate hazard maps were extracted seasonally and annually. In spring and summer in northern Sistan and Baluchestan province and in autumn coastal stations were recognized as the most unfavorable place and winter as the best time for military activities in the southern half of Iran. Khuzestan province, which has a high frequency of heat stress, sultry intensity and heavy rainfall at the same time, is the most undesirable place for the establishment of military units on an annual basis.

Extensive changes in the nature of the battlefield such as knowledge-based wars, new types of military threats, as well as the development of new military technologies, etc., have made it necessary to create a transformation in human capital management[1] to improve the response of military organizations to this complex environment. Therefore, the current research was carried out to identify dimensions, components and indicators of the HRM transformation model in the army of the Islamic Republic of Iran based on a mixed approach. 15 people from the army's HR experts were selected for interviews to theoretical saturation by purposeful sampling. In addition, the statistical population for the questionnaire included some managers and experts in the HR field of the army with at least a master's degree and strategic organizational positions. Due to the limited number of the statistical population (110 people), the census method was used to distribute the questionnaires. In the first phase, document study and semi-structured interviews were used to provide the model. Furthermore, in the second stage, a 69-item questionnaire was used to validate the model. Validity of the questionnaire confirmed by convergence and diagnostic methods and its reliability tested by composite reliability and Cronbach's alpha method. Qualitative data analysis was done using thematic method and quantitative data was analyzed using structural equation modeling in Smart-Pls 3 software. The results showed that the model of transformation in HCM of the army’s Islamic Republic of Iran consists of three dimensions; "drivers of transformation in HCM ", "functional-strategic measures of transformation in HRM" and "Outputs of transformation in HCM". In addition, these dimensions consisting of 17 components and 69 indicators. Moreover, the results of the quantitative analyze indicated that the causal relationships between the variables of the model have confirmed.

The present article was conducted with the aim of presenting the strategies for fulfilling the recommendations of the statement of the second step of the revolution in the field of spirituality and ethics in the educational system of a military higher education center by evaluating the performance of its graduates. This research was applied and was done by descriptive-survey and cross-sectional method. The research population is the direct commanders of all the graduates of the center in 2016 (699 people) who have served in the operational units for nearly 2 to 3 years after successfully completing the introductory course (and at the time of the research in 2019). The sample population was selected as a whole. Data collection tools include the quantitative method of the researcher-made questionnaire and the qualitative method of the focus group interview. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by experts and its reliability was 88.6% using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Based on this, 521 questionnaires were completed and 1268 minutes of interviews were conducted. To analyze the quantitative data, descriptive and inferential statistical indices (sample student t-test and ANOVA) and qualitative data were used. The results show that the level of competencies of graduates in the field of spirituality and ethics is significantly higher than the average and is in a "desirable" condition. Also, the ranking of three competencies of young graduates showed that value competencies have the highest rank.

An integrated air defense network is one of the structures that, due to the nature of the mission, faces an unpredictable battle scene. In this structure, where fighter control officers play a key role in managing the battlefield, they have to accept all kinds of flexibility to adapt to such an environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the type of relationship between flexibility and performance of fighter control officers in the integrated air defense network. The statistical population of this study is all fighter control officers who are present in the operational centers of the integrated air defense network, including air defense operations center, regional operations centers, and control and reporting centers with different jobs and responsibilities, and with a specific coefficient of 300 is considered. The sample population (168 people) was determined by stratified random sampling. The type of research is applied and the method of doing it is descriptive-inferential with a mixed approach. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data, which included four sections of task flexibility, behavioral flexibility, skill flexibility and performance of hunting control officers. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha value and also calculating the combined reliability value. Structural equation modeling analysis has been used to investigate the relationship between flexibility variables and the performance of hunting control officers. The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between flexibility and performance of fighter control officers in the integrated air defense network.

Microbial and biological attacks are the most dangerous threats to a country's security and health. It is very frightening because of the invasiveness and the difficulty of detecting biological threats against the civilian population, and certainly in the passive defense program, basic measures must be taken to counter biological threats. The main purpose of this article is to explain the basic actions of AJA in biological defense. The collection tool is a questionnaire and the method of data collection is field and library. The data are entered in SPSS software and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The statistical population, according to experts, is 200 people. Based on the research findings, AJA should take 4 major actions and 8 future biological defense actions. According to the mentioned macro and partial measures, 43 executive measures have been obtained in order of priority for biological defense. The priorities of AJA macro and quadruple actions are: operational, readiness and support, training and structure. Based on the macro and quadruple measures, 8 sectoral measures have been obtained in order of priority: military, humanitarian, health, medical, staff, general education, line actions, specialized training and general equipment. According to the research results, 16 practical suggestions have been expressed.

Today, specialists and decision-makers in regional and national security encounter the whether Islamic republic of Iran is capable of designing her own acceptable regional security system. It is urgent to respond to this issue from different aspects in this article. We will attempt to analyze this question based on geopolitical factors. The baseline in this article is to study present (con or pro) geopolitical viewpoint regarding the possibility of Iran’s approach towards the development of or cooperation in regional security system. According to the research findings on geopolitical factors, Iran’s regional security and consequently the formation and development of a geopolitical construct by Iran ceases to be possible due to the following reasons: Iranian authorities' failure in appropriate utilization of geopolitical potentials and capabilities to coalesce regional streamlines, geopolitical conflicts and challenges existing in peripheral and strategic environment, Iran's being situated in the center of global powers’ attention and in other words, her being positioned within the foreign powers' geostrategies as a part of a whole, Incompatibility regional target and rivalry among the adjacent countries to Iran. Therefore, the security environment of Iran is the least efficient in the search for regional procedures. From the other hand, some experts believe that Iran should take two steps in order to develop bilateral and multilateral regional security coalition: a) She should follow stabilization policy as her main security guidelines in strategic environment,

Nowadays , organizations are looking to achieve maximum results at the lowest cost; What is called effectiveness in the concept. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of training in an officer's university based on the results of the European Foundation's quality management model. For this purpose, three areas of quality management model of the European Foundation in the results section (product, output and outcome) have been considered. In this developmental-applied study, the method of data collection is a questionnaire tool. Accordingly, 541 researcher-made questionnaires were conducted, .its validity and reliability were confirmed by experts and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. The user (heads of departments and commanders of units and headquarters of units across the country) was distributed in full and in the other part, the scores of 10 courses selected by all third year students were used. The total score of the items related to each domain in the questionnaires indicated the desired status for the output and outcome domain. Unlike the product area, which had an unfavorable situation. Undoubtedly, awareness of the status of these three areas as basic elements of education and a global standard model, will make the education system and relevant officials aware of the strengths and weaknesses; What is necessary is a move forward.

Examining the challenges of dealing with unmanned aircraft systemsAbstractThe purpose of this research is to examine the challenges of dealing with drone systems and its impact on the air defense system in the future battle scene and to provide solutions to solve the existing problems and obstacles. This research is of an applied type and library study methods and reference to documents and questionnaire tools were used to collect data and targeted sampling was used to select the sample size of the statistical population under research. AHP method has been used to weight and determine the priority of air defense challenges (detection systems, command and control systems, and weapon systems) on the dependent variable (combating drone systems). The results of the research showed that the main research variables with a correlation coefficient of less than 0.1 have an effect on dealing with the drone system. The suggestions of this research are the emphasis and attention of the air defense commanders on the stated challenges according to the results of the research, as well as the need to upgrade the air defense systems in the future battle scenes, with the priority of adopting comprehensive defense strategies and improving the capabilities of detecting drones. The passenger has a low radar cross-section and the use of new technologies in weapon systems.

The criteria for selecting and appointing commanders and managers should be based on a multi-year process in the employees' work environment, It should be counted and based on effective ethical criteria, which will definitely lead to different results than in the past.In this research, an attempt was made to use religious sources and combine it with mathematical decision-making techniques and statistical methods, Identify the most important ethical criteria of managers and the importance and impact of each, to provide the data needed to plan and strengthen the ethical standards of AJA managers and commanders, Provide a suitable model and criterion for their moral evaluation in the position of educating a large group of young people and future creators of this region.This research is applied and its approach is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). Data collection tools are documents (receipts) and questionnaires.In order to identify the most important ethical criteria in command and management, first by studying religious sources (Quran, Hadiths and Nahj al-Balaghah) and the opinions of AJA experts,Identify the initial criteria and then using the AHP technique and using the Expert Choice software, the criteria are ranked according to the importance;Love and kindness, honesty and fulfillment of the covenant, meekness and forgiveness, justice and equality, humility and avoidance of pride, consultation and avoidance of flattery and flattery were determined.

Given the strategic position of the Islamic Republic of Iran and access to the open waters of the world, it is necessary that the country has the appropriate sea power to establish security and expand maritime borders. Today, a large percentage of world trade comes from the sea, which indicates the need for military sea power. The purpose of this study is to explain the role of military components in improving sea power. In this article, the indicators of naval fleet, naval bases and air fleet are considered to enhance naval sea power. In this regard, descriptive and mixed analysis methods based on library documents and resources have been used to collect information and also present a questionnaire to the sample population. The statistical population of this study includes 145 experts in strategic navy of the Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Ministry of Defense and Armed Forces Support, Ports and Maritime Organization, Shipping of the Islamic Republic of Iran, National Oil Company of the Islamic Republic of Iran and the sample size was chosen 105 people by using Cochran's formula. Analysis and comparison of the results of the study of documents and questionnaire on the effectiveness of the military components in the improvement of the sea power, well indicate that the use of equipped naval fleet, naval bases and appropriate air fleet will greatly contribute to the development and improvement of the country's sea power.