نشریه تحقیقات روانشناختی
پیاپی 38 (بهار و تابستان 1400)

Research HIV patients experience negative emotions such as shame, hostility and rumination after learning about their disease. These emotions cause isolation and endangering the health of patients. In this research, an attempt was made to examine emotions such as shame, hostility and rumination in patients according to the method of infection. The method of the study is descriptive, causal-comparative, which was conducted in 2017. 100 patients with HIV participated in the study through targeted sampling. The questionnaires include Cook's internalized shame questionnaire (1993), Redford's hostility (1998) and rumination (Tranpel and Campbell 1999), which were completed by the sample group. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data and the findings showed that men suffering from joint injection method suffered from more shame (P<0.05). In the comparison of hostility and the method of infection, no significant difference was observed between them, but all the participants had experienced the feeling of anger. Patients who were infected with the common injection method have more negative self-evaluation in rumination. (P<0.01) The results showed that the feeling of shame and rumination of negative self-evaluation is different according to the method of infection in patients.

The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of summarizing, marking, marginalizing and conceptual mapping learning strategies on the understanding of the content and the learning speed of experimental second-year female students of non-profit Novat Sobh schools in Tehran. The design of the research was semi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population includes all experimental second-grade female students of non-profit morning schools in Tehran in the academic year 2014-2015, 60 of them were selected as available and randomly assigned to different experimental groups and control groups. To collect information from experimental texts, a researcher-made reading comprehension questionnaire and a timer were used. SPSS 16 software and multivariate analysis of variance were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that there is a significant difference between the averages of the experimental and control groups in terms of learning speed; But there is no difference between the study speed of the experimental groups (summarization, marking and footnotes and conceptual map). There is a significant difference between the summary writing group and the control group in terms of understanding the text, but there was no significant difference between the marking and marginalizing group, conceptual map and the control group. The use of learning strategies improves the speed of learning and the use of summarizing increases students' understanding of the material.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the structural model of explaining academic performance based on self-determination: the mediating role of academic engagement.

The design of the current research was applied and of the correlational research type using the structural equation modeling method. 300 people (150 girls and 150 boys) were selected from all adolescents aged 12 to 14 years of public and non-profit schools in Tehran in the academic year 2015-2016 by multi-stage cluster sampling method. All of them completed self-determination and academic engagement questionnaires. For data analysis, Pearson correlation methods and structural equation modeling were used using SPSSV19 and LISRELV8.80 software.

The results showed that self-determination and academic engagement have a significant relationship with academic performance. Also, the results of the model showed that self-determination (0.38) and academic engagement (0.50) have a direct effect on academic performance. In addition, self-determination through academic involvement has an indirect effect on academic performance (0.38).

Finally, the results of this research show that the variables of self-determination and academic involvement can have a positive and significant effect on academic performance. Therefore, it is recommended that teachers, parents, administrators and counselors be aware of these variables in order to improve the academic performance of students.

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between physical, cognitive, behavioral anxiety and personality traits with social adjustment in the employees of Pastor Qazvin Hospital in 2017. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-correlation in terms of data collection. The statistical population included all the employees of Pasteur Hospital in Qazvin city, of which 170 people were considered as the sample size using Morgan's table and simple random sampling method. Data collection was done based on three standard physical, cognitive and behavioral anxiety questionnaires by Lehrer and Wolflek (1982), California Individual-Social Adaptation by Shoushtari (2016) and Hexaco Personality Questionnaire by Lee and Ashton (2004). The analysis of the information obtained from the implementation of the questionnaires was carried out through SPSS22 software in two descriptive and inferential sections (Pearson's correlation coefficient, and step-by-step regression). The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between types of physical, behavioral and cognitive anxiety with social adjustment, that is, the more physical, behavioral or cognitive anxiety a person has, the lower the level of social adjustment. There is a significant and negative relationship between social adjustment and excitability, and a positive and significant relationship between social adjustment and extraversion, adaptability, conscientiousness, and openness. Also, the results showed that physical, cognitive and behavioral anxiety and personality traits predict the social adjustment of the people under investigation.

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between spiritual attitude and lifestyle with marital commitment of students of the master's level of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch. The current research was a descriptive-cross-sectional and correlational study. The statistical population of the research included all married students studying at the master's level of Islamic Azad University, Karaj branch in the academic year 2016-2017. A sample of 150 people was selected by simple random sampling. The research tools included spiritual attitude questionnaire (Parsian and Doninig, 2009), lifestyle questionnaire (Lali et al., 2011) and marital commitment questionnaire (Adams and Jones, 1997). Research data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and multivariate regression with SPSS version 26. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between spiritual attitude and its components, including self-awareness, the importance of spiritual beliefs in life, spiritual activities, and spiritual needs with marital commitment among married graduate students (P<0.05). Also, the results showed that there is a significant relationship between the overall lifestyle and its components (physical health, disease prevention, psychological health, spiritual health, social health, avoiding drugs and narcotics, and environmental health) with marital commitment (05/05). 0 > P); However, no significant relationship was found between the components of exercise and well-being, weight control and nutrition, and prevention of accidents with marital commitment (P<0.05). The results of the regression analysis also showed that the predictor variables of lifestyle and spiritual attitude simultaneously explained 37% of the variance of marital commitment among married graduate students.

The purpose of the present study was to compare resilience and cognitive regulation of emotion in pilots with less than five years of work experience and pilots with more than ten years of work experience. The causal-comparative research method and the statistical population included the pilots of Meraj and Mahan companies in 2017, who were selected as a sample group. The measurement tools included the resilience questionnaire of Connor and Davidson, as well as the cognitive regulation of emotion questionnaire of Garnevsky, Craig and Spinhaven. Analysis of variance was used for statistical analysis. The findings showed that there was a significant difference in the level of resilience and cognitive emotion regulation in the group of pilots with less than five years of work experience and more than ten years, and the amount of both variables was higher in the group of pilots with more than ten years of experience. In pilots with higher experience, due to the fact that the level of resilience is higher, managing critical situations, returning to more balanced initial conditions and maintaining mental health during this cycle is significantly more than novice pilots. Also, this group shows higher responsibility, independence and social skills.