Inorganic Chemistry Research
Volume:6 Issue: 2, Dec 2022

3-Chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (CPTMS) was grafted on the surface of mesoporous CuS@mSiO2 core-shell nanoparticles and then condensed with a tetradentate Schiff base, bis(salicylaldehyde)diethylenetriamine (H2Saldien), to obtain CuS@mSiO2-SB. The latter material was treated with Cu(II) or Ni(II) acetate salts and therefore metal Schiff base complexes were immobilized on mesoporous nanocomposites, CuS@mSiO2-SB-Cu and CuS@mSiO2-SB-Ni. The characterization of synthesized nanomaterials was carried out by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), low angle X-Ray diffraction (LA-XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results confirm a core-shell mesoporous structure for nanocomposites and prove the presence of all elements. Nanoparticles have spherical morphology with a mean diameter less than 100 nm. The synthesized nanocomposites were evaluated for antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (P. aeruginosa) bacteria and as carrier for streptomycin, gentamycin and polymyxin. The DNA cleavage activity of nanoparticles was also studied by agarose gel electrophoresis method. Nanocomposites were found to be good carrier for antibiotic, significantly inhibit bacterial growth and completely degrade the treated DNA. Also nanoparticles efficiently immobilized a-amylase enzyme.

In this work, carbon quantum dots (CQDs) were synthesized through a simple and efficient hydrothermal method with the usage of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. seeds as a raw material. The synthesis of CQDs was confirmed by the usage of FTIR, FESEM, EDX, TEM, UV-Vis, and PL analyses. The photocatalytic activity of CQDs was investigated for the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye as a target pollutant, resulting in the photodegradation percentage of 92% during 80 min, which indicates the effective role of CQDs in RhB decolorization under UVA-light irradiation. Also, the biocompatibility of CQDs was evaluated on normal (rat fibroblast) cell and cancer CT26 cell lines through the MTT assay, and the concentration-dependent cytotoxicity of CQDs was confirmed along with the IC50 value equal to 876 ppm against cancer CT26 cell lines.

The reaction of cycloplatinated(II) complex [PtMe(bhq)(py)], 1, (bhqH = benzo[h]quinoline and py = pyridine) with acyl chloride gives the organoplatinum(IV) complex [PtCl(COMe)Me(bhq)(py)], POX. Attempts to grow crystals of the Pt(IV) complex POX in CH2Cl2 solvent forms the trichloro cycloplatinated(IV) complex [PtCl3(bhq)(py)], Pcryst, which its structure is determined by X-ray crystallography. The mechanism of the reactions is computationally investigated which suggest that first C-Cl bond of acyl chloride is oxidatively added to Pt(II) center of complex 1 through a cationic five-coordinate intermediate to give an octahedral Pt(IV) complex in which two new bonds, Pt-Cl and Pt-C(O)Me, are formed. In the resulted Pt(IV) complex, two Pt-Me and Pt-C(O)Me bonds are in the cis position to each other which increase the possibility of C-C reductive elimination. The energy barriers for both these two elementary reactions and structures are calculated using DFT calculations.

Due to the increase in fuel consumption in the world and the creation of a lot of pollution by fossil fuels, hydrogen has received much attention as a clean fuel. Extensive studies have been conducted on hydrogen production from small-scale to large-scale. Moreover, many studies have been done on the storage of this valuable gas. In this review, various methods of hydrogen production, especially the photoelectrochemical method, have been investigated on a laboratory and industrial scale, and references have been made to hydrogen storage.

Strontium titanate (SrTiO3) was synthesized by mechanochemical processing of a mixture of purified celestite concentrate and titanium dioxide. First, SrCO3 was prepared from a mixture of purified celestite concentrate and sodium carbonate via a mechanochemical method, then SrTiO3 synthesizes from a stoichiometric mixture of SrCO3 and TiO2 powder. After isothermal heating of a 5-h milled mixture of SrCO3-TiO2 powder at 900 ℃ for 2 h, a single phase of SrTiO3 with a cubic structure was produced. The synthesized SrTiO3 powders were sintered at different temperatures for 2 h. The produced SrTiO3 samples were characterized using SEM micrographs, and the phase changes were evaluated using XRD analyses. The changes in the density and dielectric constant of the sintered samples were also determined. The results showed that the properties of SrTiO3 highly depended on the sintering temperature. Owing to the microstructure and grain size of the produced SrTiO3 in the milled samples, the dielectric constant of the milled sample was lower than that of the un-milled sample.

This paper tends to present a thorough critical systematic review of the relevant literature on the Synthesis of Amidoalkyl naphthols, including a bibliographic analysis. The paper addresses key questions of what has been learned from a decade of research into the optimal reaction conditions and catalysts used in the Synthesis of Amidoalkyl naphthol literature as well as variables that have been ignored. The systematic search was conducted to develop a valuable specialized dataset of publications focusing on Amidoalkyl naphthol synthesis, including 128 selected studies covering various aspects of the synthesis and identifying various scholars’ utilized methods. This paper categorizes and examines the reaction conditions, the catalysts used, and the efficiency of the synthesis in various articles. Then Scopus data is analyzed. In this study, the most critical factors affecting the reaction to the fishbone pattern were identified.

Two nickel(II), and zinc(II) complexes [ML2](ClO4)2 of N-(2-propanamide)-2-picolylamine , L, derived from the condensation reaction of 2-picolylamine with acrylamide were synthesized. The prepared complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, ultraviolet-visible, infrared, 1-H-NMR spectroscopy techniques, and conductivity measurements. The ligand behaves like an NNO donor set, forming octahedral geometries with both Ni(II) and Zn(II) complexes. The nickel complex is halochromic. pH effects on the visible absorption spectra of the nickel complex were investigated in the range of 2-13. Its color change was due to the protonation and deprotonation of labile moieties of the ligand at room temperature. The complex displayed reversible thermochromism in solvents of DMSO and DMF attributed to the dissociation of hemilabile amide moieties from the metal center and substituted by solvent molecules. For the purpose of assigning experimental data to the ligands and complexes, a density function theory calculation on the level of B3LYP/LanL2DZ was performed.

A new zinc(II) binuclear complex, [Zn2(μ-DPzCA)(2-MPzCI)Cl3] (1) (where DPzCA is N-(2-pyrazylcarbonyl)-2-pyrazinecarboxamidate anion and 2-MPzCI is methyl pyrazine-2-carboximidate), was synthesized from the reaction of ZnCl2.7H2O and 2-cyanopyrazine in methanolic solution at 65 °C. This complex was thoroughly characterized by elemental analysis (CHN-O), IR, Uv-Vis, 1H-NMR spectroscopy and its structure have been determined by the single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The spectroscopic investigations and X-ray structural analysis indicated that by methanolysis and in the presence of ZnCl2.7H2O salt the 2-cyanopyrazine ligand converts to methyl pyrazine-2-carboximidate. Furthermore, the bis(2-pyrazinecarbonyl)amidate anionic ligand have been prepared from 2-cyanopyrazine in the presence of ZnCl2.7H2O salt in methanolic solution.

Composite cement has several technical, environmental, and economic advantages. Thus, we investigated the properties of a new composite cement composed of four components, including ground granulated blast-furnace slag from Isfahan ‎Steel Co., pozzolan from Rafsanjan Mine, Portland cement from Sepahan Cement Co., and ‎limestone. The chemical and physical properties and activity of the above components ‎were determined. Eight composite cements were prepared and their physical and chemical ‎properties were characterized. After compressive strength test, measurement of flowability and setting time, a composite cement made of 20% slag, 10% pozzolan‎, and 2.5% limestone was selected for additional investigations. After 120 days of curing, SEM, XRD, and TGA testing on cement pastes made of the proposed blend, the control cement, ‎Portland-blast-furnace slag cement (30% slag), and Portland-pozzolan cement (30% pozzolan) were investigated. The blast-furnace slag improved ‎the long-term compressive strength of the composite cement, provided a greater flow to the mortar, ‎and displayed less permeability. In contrast, the pozzolan offered essential benefits, including proper initial strength, suitable setting time, and good grind-‎ability. The standard quality tests do not evaluate the durability of concrete containing a composite cement, while our study is based on the hydration reactions that occurred in the composite cement for four months. The XRD results indicated that the slag had few ‎crystals, whereas numerous crystals were observed in the pozzolan, potentially reducing the ‎compressive strength in the composite cement. The experimental results revealed that the slag and pozzolan positively affect the properties of composite cement and improve its capabilities.‎

The kinetics of the substitution reaction in the CuLX complexes, where L is the salicylaldehyde semicarbazone tridentate Schiff base ligand and X = NO3, Br and ClO4 with N4H2.2ClO4 macrocyclic (N4H2.2ClO4 is 5,7,7,12,14,14-Hexaniethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclo tetradeca-4,11-diene dihydrogen perchlorate) were studied spectrophotometrically in DMF solvent at 250.1 °C and an ionic strength of 0.5 M NaNO3. The rate constants for ligand exchange reactions were obtained under the pseudo-first-order by measuring the absorbance changes at 700 nm, where equal to the greatest change in molar absorptivity between reactants and products. Under these conditions, the overall process is biphasic reaction. Therefore, two rate constants kobs(1) and kobs(2) were obtained. The kobs(1), was fast and depended on N4H2.2ClO4 concentration and the kobs(2) was not significantly affected by the concentration of N4H2.2ClO4 ligand. Based on the results, a mechanism for the ligand substitution reaction is proposed.

In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of a copper(II) unsymmetrical Schiff base complex (CuL where H2L = salicylideneiminoethyliminopentane-2-one) immobilized into mesoporous silica MCM-41 in the hydroxylation of alkanes and epoxidation of alkenes through tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP) as oxidant. This heterogeneous MCM-41-pr-NH2-CuL catalyst exhibited remarkable activity and selectivity in alkene epoxidation and alkane hydroxylation, producing high to excellent yields at room temperature. The catalyst could be recovered quickly through simple filtration and reused four times without considerable loss in its catalytic efficiency. Furthermore, upon analyzing the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectrum of the recovered catalyst and comparing it with the fresh one, it was found that the structure of the catalyst remained unchanged even after the recovery process.

In the present work, the catalytic activity of [RuHCl(CO)(PPh3)3] in the homogeneous form and also supported on graphene oxide nanosheets in the efficient synthesis of phenacyl benzoate derivatives by the reaction of aldehydes with diethyl 2‎–‎(ethoxymethylene)malonate (DEMM) via hydrogen transfer is reported. Under the same conditions, alcohols were also reacted with DEMM to provide a set of phenacyl benzoate derivatives in good to excellent yields. In these reactions, C‎–‎C and sp2‎–‎C‎–‎O bonds were formed by applying the ruthenium catalyst. While the homogeneous catalyst is not recoverable, the heterogeneous counterpart was reused several times without loss of its initial activity.