فصلنامه پژوهش های جغرافیایی برنامه ریزی شهری
سال یازدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1402)

Urban green spaces are one of the major issues in urban competitiveness and increasing livability, which is one of the vital requirements in achieving a healthy city. The arrival of new communication technologies has led to the reduction of the virtual space in social interactions. Urban expansion and increasing urban density lead to an increase in the spread of pollution in cities. This process increases the risk of physical and mental health conditions for citizens. This study aimed to investigate the push factors of residential environments and the pull factors of regional parks, as well as the role of these parks in promoting the social indicators and mental health of citizens. This study uses a descriptive-analytical and applied approach and its method is both qualitative and quantitative. Questionnaires and surveys as well as library informationused to collect information. The Statistical population is the zonal parks of Tabriz city. Accordingly, 5 zonal parks were purposefully selected according to their geographical distribution in Tabriz city and questionnaires were completed among the people visiting the parks of this city. Zonal parks have a positive effect on promoting the health indicators of citizens because of sports equipment and health and walking paths and clean air. Among the motives for visiting the parks, the leisure time variable is the top priority, followed by meeting with friends. Exercise and relieving fatigue are the next priority. There is a significant positive relationship between park attractions and the use of parks.

This research is applied in terms of purpose, and in terms of nature and descriptive method, it is a survey type using a questionnaire. The statistical population consists of experts and citizens of Shiraz. The findings of the research showed that according to the experts of Shiraz city, among the natural factors; The precipitation factor with weight (0.29) has the most influence and the slope direction factor with weight (0.13) has the least effect and in relation to man-made factors; Land use with a weight of (0.25) had the most impact and worn texture factor with a weight of (0.14) had the least impact on runoff and flooding. Further, the results of the analysis of the dimensions of resilience showed that the average of Shiraz in the social dimension is above the optimal level (3.78) and in other dimensions the average is below the optimal level. According to the output of multivariate regression, in terms of prioritization; Social, institutional, economic and physical indicators are ranked first to fourth with beta coefficient values of 0.20, 0.14, 0.11 and 0.10 respectively. Finally, the results of the identification and selection of modern infrastructure suitable for the management of runoff in this city showed that in the index of landscapes and public open spaces; flood storage method and its protection and in the index of houses and private spaces; Water purification and recycling system compared to other methods were chosen by experts as suitable methods for implementation in Shiraz city.

The findings of the associational rule extraction revealed a spatial relationship between the distance from the police station and the usage of opiates and hashish, which has a direct relationship on the use of the park. Additionally, there is a direct correlation between the use of marijuana and grass and police stations, indicating that these drugs have been used close to these institutions. The majority of hashish, opium, and grass drug use occur in close proximity to roads, parks, and schools. Additionally, compared to other substances, marijuana and grass have a direct spatial relationship with the police station, and use of these drugs can be witnessed close to the station. Despite being extremely prevalent in the database, it appears that the opium drug did not significantly correlate spatially with the chosen uses. Finally, the top 10 laws were determined and their effects on confidence, support, and lifting were examined. In the context of a spatial information system, the usage of spatial distribution functions can be useful for pinpointing crime hotspots and assisting law enforcement with management decisions. With its research of crime trends and crime statistics, it can assist the police and other relevant agencies in locating potential crime hotspots and preventing them in the future. Additionally, it might be highly helpful to apply data mining techniques to anticipate and prevent crimes as well as their locations.

This study has attempted to assess the role of social capital in the realization of social resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, in Ahvaz metropolitan area, Iran. Two major questions of the study are that what is the quality of the realization of social capital and social resilience indicators in Ahvaz during the pandemic? And, what can be explained the role (impact) of the social capital in the realizing of the social resilience in Ahvaz during the pandemic? Regarding this, with a "descriptive-analytical" methodological approach, this study has used a survey method by using a questionnaire tool to obtain its data. To this end, with an online method, we used the opinion of 667 citizens of Ahvaz from April to November 2021. The results revealed that, considering the results conducted by FTOPSIS model, quality of the realization of the indicator of social trust from the lens of social capital and the indicator of social infrastructure from the lens of social resilience is in unfavorable situation compared to other indicators in Ahvaz during the pandemic. Moreover, considering LISREL software output, social capital has a positive and significant impact on the realizing social resilience in Ahvaz during the pandemic.

The issue of food supply is always considered as one of the important biological issues of humans. Theories, gatherings, researches, studies, and various laws and regulations have been prepared and presented in this direction in order to satisfy the basic human needs with minimum difficulty, but this goal has not been fully achieved successfully. Identifying and knowing the causes of this problem requires knowing and gaining comprehensive knowledge from a theoretical, experimental and research point of view in order to clarify possible gaps and gaps. Therefore, in the current research, these three types of studies have been conducted in the form of three layers of attitude, research materials and methods, in order to identify the dimensions of food security and its evolution, and to examine how it can be adapted to regulations, policies and laws. and by analyzing and reviewing previous researches in this field and comparing these three studies, identify the knowledge, experimental and research gap in the field of food security. Hence, the mixed research method includes library-review study, thematic analysis and meta-analysis. Based on the results of the research, the knowledge base of food security, which includes availability, access, consumption and good governance, is different from the experimental and research base, and there is a deep and significant gap between scientific and research studies. Updating the laws and policies, along with conducting applied research focusing on good food governance, is one of the solutions that can cover this gap.

According to the theory of natural movement, street networks interact with pedestrian movement and walkability. In addition to permeability criteria, visual perception has an impact on pedestrian preferences and behaviors by providing a capacity for understanding and wayfinding. This research aims to investigate the correlation between the visual and spatial characteristics of the environment in the Jolfa neighborhood of Isfahan city. The set of space syntax tools, including Axial, Isovist, and Visual Graph Analysis, were used to quantify and interpret the configurational and visual criteria in the historical area of Jolfa. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to calculate the correlation between both integration and connectivity with isovist area, isovist perimeter, compactness, occlusivity, through-vision, and visual clustering. The results show that, in addition to integration, connectivity, and intelligibility, visual properties (i.e., isovist area, isovist perimeter, and occlusivity) had a significant impact on movement patterns in this area. To Validate the results, the agent-based model was used to compare the space syntax simulation of the pedestrian movement with the actual environment. It was shown that visual features derived from space syntax can predict pedestrian movement in the real world. Visual characteristics are complementary to spatial configuration and can help with spatial perception, wayfinding, and pedestrian movement.

So far, some researchers have assessed the vulnerability and resilience of critical infrastructure, however, few have considered the two-way interdependence of critical networks. These researches on resilience assessment generally assumed that critical networks can return to their original function, while limited recovery (against disasters) is more practical (Xiao et al., 2022: 108). Critical infrastructures are responsible for various human functions and activities and play an essential role in societies, on the other hand, infrastructure systems are not separate and depend on each other (Yang et al., 2022: 606). Interdependencies between critical urban infrastructure systems significantly affect their reliability and performance and the resilience of modern societies (Magoua et al., 2022: 102). In 2017, the World Bank's City Resilience Program launched an ambitious resilience research and policy agenda. The main mission of this program is to "accelerate the change from mostly single-stream resilience operations at the city level to long-term, more comprehensive and multidisciplinary planning to build resilience" (Philip et al., 2021: 1).

Cities can take a step in the path of development and a favorable and sustainable future when the planning and implementation of urban programs are based on a vision plan that matches the unique identity of the city and the wishes of all urban groups and citizens. Therefore, this research seeks to investigate the factors influencing the determination of urban development prospects in Bandar Anzali city. This research is practical based on the goal and descriptive-analytical based on the attitude. The size of the statistical sample was calculated using Cohen's method of 355 people. In this research, an attempt was made to measure the relationships and the influence of the components of urban identity, environmental survey (current state of the city), attitude towards the city, as well as the criteria of perceived participation and participation intention on the urban vision. The results of the research show that in compiling the urban vision of Bandar Anzali, attention has been paid to the urban identity, but the environmental survey has had a moderate impact on the urban vision compared to the urban identity. While the attitude towards the city and the perceived participation did not affect the vision of Bandar Anzali city, which shows the weakness of participatory planning, but still people are ready to participate. Because they consider participation essential. The results of the Importance-Performance Matrix also indicate the presence of the "environmental survey" component in the weakness range, which requires investment and improvement of the variables of this component.

In the form of a participatory, democratic process, neighborhood development has been the focus of sustainable urban neighborhood development programs for the past decades. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to investigate effective solutions in promoting people's participation in neighborhood planning. his research is descriptive-analytical. Its data has been collected by documentary and field method (questionnaire made by the researcher from the residents of the 14 districts). The findings of Friedman's analysis show that the factors of delegating responsibility to citizens with an average of 6.57, awareness of plans and projects with 5.33, trust in the municipality with 5.16, feeling of belonging to a place with 4.76, satisfaction with municipal services, 4.76 They are the most important factors in the participation of citizens in the neighborhoods. The results of multivariate correlation, the value of the coefficient between the set of independent variables and the dependent variable of the research (neighborhood participation) is 0.689, which indicates a strong correlation between the variables. Spatial analysis shows social participation in 14 districts that Dolab neighborhood with a score of 0.600, Gozpayin Dolab neighborhood with 0.602, Nurse neighborhood with a score of 0.752, and Shkoufeh neighborhood with a score of 0.734 are respectively the most favorable and unfavorable neighborhoods in terms of social participation indicators among the neighborhoods.

The objective of current research is to examine the relationship between the sense of place and the level of social security. This study's method is descriptive-analytic in terms of its objective, the purpose for which it is applied, and the quantitative data type. The statistical population of all residents of Kermanshah city's western Abshouran neighborhood (Sabzeh Square to Modares) (according to the 2016 Kermanshah census, the total population of this part of the neighborhood is 290 people, equivalent to 73 households), of which 166 people were chosen as sample size using the Cochran formula and random sampling. According to the nature and type of data, descriptive and inferential statistics are utilized for data analysis. The researched variables are described in this way by collecting the frequency and percentage, and in the field of inferential statistics, SPSS software is used to evaluate the association between variables and multivariate regression test to examine the link between these variables. Pearson's test results show a connection and a moderate association between the variables of sense of place and the characteristics of social security. Thus, the regression test findings suggest that 0.42 of the changes in social dimensions are connected to sense of place variables. The study's findings also show that there is a two-way relationship between the dimensions of sense of place and social security, such that as sense of place increases, so does social security, and vice versa, as social security increases, so does sense of place.

Land conflicts are possible when the multiple needs of several land-uses overlap in space and cannot be coordinated. Within the Mashhad urban complex's boundaries, urbanization has taken up quality environmental spaces and resulted in the fragmentation and degradation of agricultural and environmental resources. The optimal use of land resources and sustainability depends on locating and resolving land use conflicts. This study looked into land-use conflicts from the perspective of land-use suitability. For this purpose, using the multi-criteria evaluation analysis, using natural, spatial, planning, and water resources indicators, land suitability for three agricultural, ecological, and residential uses was evaluated in three categories high, medium, and medium and low. Moreover, based on the combination of the suitability of three land-uses using the proposed model, the intensity of conflicts in three classes and the type of conflicts in twelve classes have been detected. In the following, the possibility of land changes is stated according to the type and intensity of each conflict. The results show that the percentage of land area with high ecological suitability has been lower compared to the other two land-uses. Also, the suitability of ecological land from the center of the area to the periphery increases with the increase in height. Land suitability for residential use decreases as it moves away from cities and roads. The largest percentage of land in Mashhad urban complex is exposed to potential conflict with medium intensity of conflict; the most types of conflicts related to the severe and moderate conflict were agricultural and residential lands. The largest percentage of land in Mashhad urban complex is exposed to potential conflict with medium intensity; the most types of conflicts related to two types of severe and moderate conflict were agricultural and residential lands.

A healthy city is a city that continuously improves its physical, social, and cultural environments, develops its resources, and ensures public health. In recent years, the increasing trends of environmental pollution, unemployment, poverty, poor housing, and social and psychological harms as well as industrialization and the spread of epidemic diseases have decreased the quality of the urban living environment. Noorabad City, like many other cities, is facing many problems such as worn-out structures, inadequate housing, lack of social and health services, and noise pollution. These problems will cause serious damage to the health of the environment and citizens. The present study employs a descriptive-analytical method for final evaluation and data analysis. This study uses t-test and structural equation modeling to explain and model the effects. The results of the t-test of the sample showed that the status of healthy city indicators in the study area with an average of 2.51 is not in an acceptable situation and is estimated to be poor. Analysis of the findings of structural equation modeling indicates that the amount of factor load of the root mean square error (RMSE) is equal to 0.079, which indicates the desirability of the research model. Also, the analysis of the second-order factor model showed that the health dimension has the highest factor load with a weight of 0.94 and the lowest factor load belongs to the physical dimension with a factor weight of 0.64. In order to promote the indicators of a healthy city and balanced distribution of services and facilities, spatial policies and planning should be based on creating a platform for attracting more private sector investment and directing them to disadvantaged areas where the role of urban management and related organizations is very important.