نشریه روستا و توسعه پایدار فضا
سال چهارم شماره 2 (پیاپی 14، تابستان 1402)

The primary role of community-oriented facilitator is mainly to improve people's skills , The aim of this article is to investigate the role of community-oriented processes on the social and cultural development of integrated villages in Zabol urban peripheral. Method is descriptive-analytical and based on documentary and survey studies. The statistical population is the households living in five suburbs (9244, households). Then, according to the household number in the above neighborhoods, the number of households (369) was obtained as the sample size and in order to estimate the sample size in each neighborhood, the rule of proportional distribution was used in each neighborhood. Of these, 26 questionnaires in Islam Abad, 38 questionnaires in Hosseinabad, 76 questionnaires in Resalat, 99 questionnaires in Masoum Abad and 130 questionnaires in North Hirmand neighborhood were selected as samples. One-sample T-test and ANOVA were used to analyze the data. The results show that the highest average of socio-cultural indicators is respectively in Masoom Abad neighborhood with an average of 3.44, Resalat neighborhood with an average of 3.34, Islamabad neighborhood with an average of 3.30, and the lowest average is in Hirmand neighborhood, respectively. North with an average of 3.06 and Hossein Abad with an average of 3.07. In order to compare the average facilitation of community-oriented processes in the social and cultural dimension based on the neighborhood, (ANOVA) was used, and the highest averages in The socio-cultural component is related to the two neighborhoods of Masoom Abad (average 3.44) and Resalat (average 3.34), which means that the average of these two neighborhoods is significantly higher than the two neighborhoods Hirmand North and Hossein Abad. One of the reasons for achieving the highest average in Masoomabad and Resalat neighborhoods is the holding of cultural Tuesdays (Bibi Sanam) and Thursdays (Chak Chaki) programs in Resalat neighborhood.

One of the basic preconditions for achieving sustainable development and one of the most basic measures of well-being in any society is to maintain and improve living capital. This research is a descriptive-survey study that has studied the structural relations of livelihood capital based on DFID theory and creative tourism with four dimensions. This research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of how to collect data. The statistical population of the research was the heads of rural households in Arsbaran region (N = 2293), and using the Karjesi-Morgan table, the statistical sample size was calculated as 329 people. In order to obtain samples in this research, random sampling method was used. The value of Cronbach's alpha obtained for creative tourism indicators is equal to 0.80 and for livelihood capital indicators is 0.79. SPSS version 24 and LISREL 8.8 software package were used for data analysis. Based on the obtained results, the components of creative tourism and livelihood capital have been evaluated with an average of 3.270 and 2.773 respectively in the villages of Arsbaran region at the optimal level and below the optimal level, and between the components of creative tourism with capital Livelihoods had causal relationships with favorable indicators (RMSEA = 0.07). Based on the findings of the research, the improvement of creative class indicators, creative product, creative process and creative environment are effective in the development of livelihood capital indicators.

The purpose of this research is to determine the social challenges of the local managers of the villages of Shaft city in the process of sustainable rural development. The current research is applied in terms of purpose and analytical in terms of descriptive method. The required information has been obtained through documentary sources and field studies. The statistical population included local managers of 94 inhabited villages (389 people) in Shaft city, who completed the questionnaire using the full number method. Data analysis was done through factor analysis technique and with 31 variables.The results of the research show that low participation of villagers with local managers in rural development programs, lack of trust or low confidence of villagers in local managers, high expectations of villagers from local managers and limited power of Islamic councils and villagers are the most important social challenges and disregard for opinions and The customs of the people in rural management, the low cooperation of the members of the Islamic Council with the villagers, the failure to encourage the people to cooperate in the maintenance and operation of facilities are the least important social challenges in the path of sustainable development in Shaft. The results of the factor analysis show that the most important social challenges of local managers in the villages of Shaft county include security, education, participation, migration, trust, social deficiencies and investment, and the investment challenge with a factor load of 0.848 has the greatest impact on the sustainable development process.The participation and cooperation of villagers in the maintenance and operation of village facilities, taking advantage of the experiences of knowledgeable and literate people, and holding regular training courses for local managers are among the most important practical solutions to reduce the social challenges of local managers in the villages of Shaft county.

Climate change has emerged as a threat to natural life and livelihood systems. Livelihood diversification as an effective strategy to reduce the impact of climate change and natural crises plays a vital role in promoting economic growth and reducing rural poverty in developing countries. development plays. This is the process of combining agricultural and non-agricultural activities in order to create a sustainable livelihood, improve the standard of living and reduce the vulnerability of rural households. The current research aims to analyze and evaluate the role of the diversity of economic activities on building the capacity of villagers to cope with and reduce the effects of drought by using Amos' structural justice test. The results of the test show that there is a strong and significant relationship between the diversity of economic activities and the improvement of the capacities of the villagers in the study area. Examining the fitting status of the final model of the role of the diversity of economic activities on the capacities of rural areas with GFI=0.951, CFI=0.985, RMSEA=0.000 shows that the fitted model has the necessary validity and accuracy and has been able to establish this relationship. explain Among the dependent variables of the research, the role of the activities of the agricultural sector on the environmental and institutional index was not significant with a significance level of 0.128 and 0.154. It did not play a role. Contrary to the mentioned index, the results show that the effect of other variables on the existing indicators, such as economic, social and environmental capacity, was significant.

Over the past few decades, problems such as the unplanned development of urban areas and land use changes have been clearly seen in the area of suburban villages, which in turn will have physical, economic, social and environmental effects on rural areas. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to analyse the criteria of the influencing factors on land use change in the villages on the around of Khash city. The current research is descriptive-analytical in terms of research method and quantitative-qualitative in terms of nature and applied-developmental in terms of purpose.The data collection tool is library and field (interview and questionnaire). According to the nature of this research,Delphi methods and structural analysis using MICMAC software were used. The statistical population of the research includes all the professors, managers and experts of Khash city, and the statistical sample size was determined by using the Delphi method of 20 people. First, by using the Delphi method, a set of criteria affecting land use change in the villages on the around of Khash city were identified, including 5 criteria (economic, physical, environmental, political-management and social) and 49 indicators. Among the examined criteria, the economic criterion was chosen as the first and most important factor affecting land use changes in the villages on the around of Khash city.Finally, 10 indicators (economic policies and urban economic reconstruction, development of border bazaar infrastructure, development of local markets, investment attraction, development of the tourism industry, maintaining the activities of small industries and improving them, changing urban performance (prominence of the service sector), expansion of production sectors and industrial, job creation and entrepreneurship, followed by the reduction of unemployment and the expansion of transformation and service industries) were selected as indicators influencing land use change in the villages on the around of Khash city.

Rural settlements have always faced various challenges and one of the most important approaches to these challenges is empowerment with sustainable development approach; Because neglecting to enhance its capacities and empowerment exacerbates villages' instability. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze the capacities and restrictions on the empowerment of rural settlements, emphasizing sustainable development in Javanrud region and then presenting a strategy. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on the collection of survey data. The statistical population of the research is comprised of 25 villages in Kalashi district. From the targeted sampling method, the villages of the top 20 households were first selected for a population threshold to receive services and then 6 villages were selected according to the distance from the city center. The sample size was calculated in these 6 villages. The research tool was a questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and reliability with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of more than 0.70. The analysis method is based on the SWOT model and the QSPM matrix. The result showed that rural participation in any environmental risks of 0.19 weight as the most important strength; Stagnate agricultural activities and inappropriate exploitation of water and agricultural land (0.24) as the most important weakness; The commercialization of Samagh Van cultivation in employment (0.26) was recognized as the most important opportunity and emergence of environmental crises (drought, etc.) with the final rating of 0.24 as the most important threat to empowering rural settlements in the region. Also, according to the QSPM matrix, the most important strategy for empowering rural settlements, including the necessary grounds for villagers to participate in commercialization and Samagh Van development of van with a score of 0.50 and supporting people's participation in the development of Samagh Van conversion activities with 0.44 has been.

Review:Drought is more complex than other natural disasters as it covers a wider geographical area and therefore affects more people. The present study was carried out with the aim of prioritizing the effective factors on increasing the economic resilience of rural households against drought in the villages of Tastagdar section of Tabas city. The current research is quantitative in nature and practical in terms of purpose, that is, it examines theoretical constructions in practical and real contexts and situations. The statistical population of this research is all the villagers over 18 years of age in Tabas city. Due to the non-availability of accurate information about the number of people in this statistical population, using Cochran's formula and the last number of Morgan's table, the number of 384 people was studied as a statistical sample size. The sampling method in this research is stratified. First, the Tastagandar section is divided into two classes, Tastagandar and Yekhab, and the number of statistical sample is selected from among the selected classes, using random sampling method. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale was used, and the collected data was analyzed to obtain the results. The results showed that from the point of view of the villagers, the most influential factors in their resilience against the risk of drought and increasing their ability to adapt to drought conditions are the strengthening of local participation of the villagers, the second is paying attention to local knowledge, the third is the development of crop insurance, and the fourth is the development of seeds and varieties. resistant to creation, which according to the research results have the shortest distance from the positive ideal and the furthest distance from the negative ideal.

Rural Production cooperative in the rural community plays an important role in the reproduction of the benefits of the agricultural sector. Improving human participation, reduce risk and cost of public investment in the production. Playing such a role requires attention to a variety of capitals in the Production cooperatives. Since production cooperatives are the places to be filled with the spirit of harmony unity, trust and partnership, attention to social is very important. Purpose of study was Studying the role of social capital in the functions of rural production cooperative of Negin-e-Sabz Choram county. The population was 650 members the sampling method was proportional random sampling the validity of questionnaire was achieved by a panel of experts and its reliability assessed by using Cranach’s alpha coefficient. The result of stepwise regression analysis indicated that participation, awareness and trust 40.2 percent of functions of rural production cooperative. To improve performance of rural production cooperative, attention .to component of social capital is suggested.