مجله مطالعات روانشناسی تربیتی
پیاپی 50 (تابستان 1402)

The aim of this study was to modelling fear of failure based on self-criticism, maladaptive schemas and perceived competence mediated by competitive anxiety in high school girls student, conducted by correlational model and SEM. The statistical population included the adolescent girl students of the secondary school in Shiraz city, whose number in the study period was 7420 student. In this study, 361 participate were selected based on Cochran's formula. In order to collect data was used Conroy (2002) Fear of Performance Fear Assessment Questionnaire, Thompson & Zuroff (2004) Self-Critical Level Questionnaire, Young Schema Questionnaire (1998), Harter Competence Perception Questionnaire (1982) and Competitive Anxiety Questionnaire Illinois (1990). Data analysis was performed using AMOS 18 software. The results showed that self-criticism in addition to a direct effect mediated by competitive anxiety has a positive and indirect relationship with fear of failure (B = 0.23). Also, maladaptive schemas, in addition to having a direct effect on competitive anxiety mediation, have a positive and indirect relationship with fear of failure (B = 0.21). Finally, in addition to the direct effect mediated by competitive anxiety, the perception of competence has a negative and indirect relationship with the fear of failure (B = -0.26). According to the findings of this study, it can be concluded that competitive anxiety can increase the positive relationship between self-criticism and maladaptive schemas with fear of student failure and on the other hand reduce the negative relationship between the perception of competence and the fear of failure of students.

The aim of the study was to determine the effect of academic enthusiasm on academic hope with the mediating role of academic optimism in students. This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of correlation type using the method of structural equations. The statistical population includes 4191 female students of the second level of secondary school in the two districts of Zahedan city in the academic year of 1400-1401, of which 352 were selected as the sample size based on Morgan's table through stratified random sampling. The research tools were academic enthusiasm questionnaire (Fredericks et al., 2004), academic optimism questionnaire (Schennen-Moran et al., 2013) and academic hope questionnaire (Khormai and Kemari, 2016). The content validity and reliability of the questionnaires were estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.79, academic optimism 0.81 and academic hope 0.84.The results showed that academic enthusiasm had a direct and significant effect on academic hope and academic enthusiasm on students' academic optimism.

The purpose of this research was to the effectiveness of self-instruction training on executive functions and cognitive inhibition of students with Special learning disorder. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the study was all students with special learning disorders in Tabriz in the academic year 1399-1400, of which 30 samples in two homogeneous groups of second grade male students with learning disabilities, by alternative sampling method. The instruments used in this study were the Colorado Willcutt et al (2011) Learning Disabilities Questionnaire, the Coolidge Neurological Questionnaire (2002), the Computers sample Stroop Test (1953). The experimental group received self-instruction training in 12 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any training.   Data analysis using covariance analysis test of self-instruction training on improving executive functions and cognitive inhibition in all stages of sample Stroop test (P

The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors affecting the gap between theory and practice in elementary teachers. For this purpose, the method of narrative research has been used and based on the criterion-based purposeful sampling method, 16 sample teachers of public elementary schools in Tehran were interviewed until the theoretical saturation of the data. Narrative and semi-structured interviews as well as field notes were used to collect data. In order to analyze the data, the method of thematic analysis of narratives was used. Findings showed that there are 4 main themes (teacher) experiences (teacher experiences, education, teacher personality traits and the nature of the elementary child) as aspects affecting teachers' practice. The results of this study show that teachers' practice is not only affected by education; There are also three factors: teacher experience, teacher personality traits, and the nature of the elementary child, which justify the gap between educational theorist theory and elementary teacher practice. Ignoring these three factors will reduce the efficiency of pre-, early and in-service training courses for teachers.

This study was conducted with the aim of determining the diagnostic validity of the fifth edition of Wechsler's intelligence scales for children in the neuropsychological characteristics of students with learning disabilities in Tehran. The present study was subset of methodological studies. The number of 400 people with learning disabilities who were selected using a targeted and available sampling method and 400 normal people who were randomly selected from among all male and female students between the ages of 7 and 11 in Tehran in the academic year of 2018-2019. In line with the purpose of the research, the fifth edition of the Wechsler Children's Intelligence Scales (2014) was used. The collected data were analyzed using logistic regression analysis and SPSS software (Version 23).The study finally revealed that vocabulary and information tests (from verbal comprehension index), Block design with time point (from Visual-spatial index),arithmetic (from fluid reasoning scale), number span (direct), number span (reverse), picture span, letter-digit sequencing and letter-number sequencing (from working memory scale),and coding, cancellation (random), cancellation (structural), (from Processing speed index), had diagnostic validity.The fifth version of the Wechsler IQ Scales for children has diagnostic validity in the neuropsychological characteristics of students with learning disabilities and can distinguish students with learning disabilities from normal students.

The aim of this study was to use logistic regression in predicting bullying based on the components of emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence. The statistical population of the present study included all high school students in Najafabad. A total of 447 students (225 girls and 222 boys) were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. In order to analyze the data and predict group membership (bullying or not) based on predictor variables of E.I (perception of emotions, etc.) and components of S.I (field of thinking, etc.) logistic regression was used. For the fit index of the regression model, R2 Cox and Snell and R2 Nagel crack and in order to check the consistency of the predicted probabilities with the observed probabilities, Hausmer and Lemshu tests were used. The results show that 87.5% of all cases are correctly classified (87.5%). Also, with the entry of predictor variables into the equation, out of 233 non-bullies, 207 (88.8%), 204 bullies, 184 (86%) have been correctly predicted. Parent statistics show the significance of B coefficients. Predictor variables including understanding the emotions and feelings of oneself and others (E.I component), thinking context and critical dimension (S.I component) and moral values (spiritual intelligence component) play a significant role in predicting group membership (bullying or not). Other variables in the presence of these three variables did not play a significant role in predicting group membership (bullying or not). Awareness of teachers, counselors, educational psychologists, parents and other education professionals about research variables can help to improve students' academic performance.

The aim of this study was to investigate the role of emotional intelligence and self-compassion on academic burnout mediated by academic help seeking. The present study was a descriptive and correlational study. The statistical population of this study was all undergraduate students studying in Yazd University in the academic year of 2018-2019, numbering 9022 people. Meanwhile, 368 students were selected to participate in this research by available sampling method, and in order to collect data, they used Berso's academic burnout scales (2007), self-compassion questionnaire-long form (2003), Ryan and Pintrich's help-seeking questionnaire (2012). Pearson's correlation coefficient and path analysis were also used to analyze the data. Findings showed that emotional intelligence, self-compassion and academic help-seeking have a negative and significant relationship with academic burnout at the 0.01 level. The results of path analysis also indicated that self-compassion and emotional intelligence are able to indirectly and negatively affect academic burnout through mediation of academic help-seeking. Academic help-seeking and self-compassion can also directly and negatively predict academic burnout. But emotional intelligence does not directly predict academic burnout. Overall, according to the obtained results, it can be concluded that by using self-compassion strategies, cooperative teaching methods to increase academic help-seeking capacities and self-regulation skills related to emotional intelligence, the adverse effects of academic burnout can be overcome at first, and then as Preventive strategies to prevent the occurrence of academic burnout.

The concept of rationality and wisdom has a long history in religious and philosophical texts. On the other hand, nowadays, the importance of parenting and the use of approaches appropriate to the Iranian culture of parenting styles and its impact on the upbringing and future of children is not hidden from anyone. This research was carried out with the aim of the effectiveness of the parenting education program with a futuristic rational approach on the creativity of primary school children. The working method of this research is semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The research community included parents of elementary school students in Tehran in the academic year of 1401-1400, according to the entry criteria, 30 people were randomly divided into two experimental groups (they were taught rational and futuristic rational during 10 sessions) and the control group (without receiving intervention) were replaced. Torrance's creativity test (1989) was used in this research. The results of the post-test stage data were also analyzed with the MANCOVA test. The results of multivariate covariance analysis show that there is a significant difference between children's creativity in the subscales (elaboration, fluidity, initiative and flexibility) with the control group (P<0.001). Based on the obtained findings, it can be concluded that futuristic rational parenting training is effective on the creativity of primary school children. And this training can be used as an approach appropriate to Iranian culture.

This research was conducted with the aim of determining the role of moral identity in predicting academic adjustment and academic self-efficacy of students. The descriptive research method was correlation. The statistical population of this research includes all female secondary school students of the second period of Zahedan city in the number of 6865 students in the academic year 1400-1401, of which 366 students were randomly selected based on the Morgan table. The data collection tool was the moral identity questionnaire of Aquino and Reed (2002), academic adjustment by Baker and Seriak (1984) and academic self-efficacy by Jinks and Morgan (1999). The content validity and reliability of the questionnaires were estimated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.79, academic compatibility 0.81, and academic self-efficacy 0.79. The findings of the research showed that there was a positive and meaningful relationship between moral identity and academic adaptation and self-efficacy of students. The results of regression analysis showed that moral identity could predict 67.6% of changes in academic adjustment and 70.4% of changes in academic self-efficacy of students. Also, the components of moral identity were able to predict students' academic adjustment and self-efficacy.

The mental pressure caused by having a deaf child has tremendous effects on mothers. This pressure leads to psychological distress and parenting stress for mothers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of the training protocol based on acceptance and commitment on the psychological distress and parenting stress of mothers with deaf children. The current research was a semi-experimental type with pre-test-post-test and control group. The statistical population was all mothers with deaf children in Tehran. Among these mothers, 30 mothers were selected by available sampling method and then randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups equally. The instrument of this study was the scale of psychological distress and stress of the overbearing child. The sessions of the experimental group consisted of 8 90-minute sessions of acceptance and commitment-based therapy (Bond et al., 2011), which were implemented as a group. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of covariance. The results showed that the training protocol based on acceptance and commitment has led to the reduction of psychological distress and parenting stress of mothers (p<0.05). Based on the obtained results, the training protocol based on acceptance and commitment is effective in reducing psychological distress and reducing parenting stress. The results of this study can be effective in helping to reduce the psychological problems of families with deaf children and thus reducing the mental health costs of these families.