فصلنامه برنامه ریزی رفاه و توسعه اجتماعی
پیاپی 55 (تابستان 1402)

There is a gap between everyday definitions of justice and policy texts. Purpose of this study is to investigate the definitions of justice in these two areas in order to eliminate possible gaps. Types of definitions including distributive, procedural, interactional and epistemic justice extracted from theoretical texts were selected for theoretical sensitivity and virtual ethnography and thematic analysis were used to examine cyberspace and policy texts. The results show that young people's definition of justice mainly includes distributive and procedural justice and is consistent with the commodity definition of formal discourse, while centralism and differentiation in the distribution of goods seen in policy findings are criticized. Although cyberspace data emphasized the importance of informational and epistemic justice for young people, but informational justice means exposing young people to information and decision-making, and epistemic justice means involving young people in the process of making sense of justice and their presence in policy-making processes has rarely been seen in policy-making texts. Although some youth documents and resolutions have emphasized youth participation in various matters, there has been no codified policy regarding the presence of youth in organizations, parties and non-governmental organizations that are involved in macro-policies. Youth oriented cultural policies also face problems such as disregard for different lifestyles, otherization due to pathological attitudes that lead to policing and judicialization of issues, and outsourcing of their duties.

By adopting a sociological approach, the present research tries to study distributive justice feeling among Khorramabad citizens regarding welfare programs of the Iranian Government; meanwhile, it reviews different approaches to relationship between development, distributive justice, and social welfare. The present research was carried out by survey method and using questionnaire in March, 2022. By considering social welfare levels in different urban regions in Khorramabad, the research sampling was designed through integrating cluster sampling and disproportionate stratified sampling with 400 as the sample volume. The results showed that the distributive justice feeling of Khorramabad citizens regarding social welfare was low, and only 2.4 % of the people considered this feeling high. And, regarding its different dimensions, i.e., distribution of job opportunities, employment, and governance, they felt more discrimination, and the feeling came to the lowest point regarding the dimensions of individual freedoms and their use of media and communications.Examining the hypotheses, the results showed that the variables social welfare needs, trust level for welfare programs of the government, and the amount of economic capital are more interdependent with the variable distributive justice feeling regarding governmental welfare programs. The regression analysis findings showed that independent variables predict 50.8 % of the variable variance of distributive justice feeling level regarding social welfare programs of the government. Among them, the net effect of the variable welfare needs ...

In the approaches of entrepreneurship and job creation and its effectiveness in the process of development and progress of societies, continuous and rapid change and transformation in development programs is considered one of the most important and necessary all-round human life. Therefore, in order to achieve the goals of the research subject, to investigate the entrepreneurial approach to the field of employment in the fourth and fifth development plans and the degree of realization, through questionnaires and interviews with experts and officials of government organizations and ministries that have the most control over the fourth and fifth development plans. By using the qualitative method of content analysis, the following actions and results have been obtained:Bagoyeh strategy index, effectiveness of resources from business strategies 25%, Bagoyeh resource index, use of all financial resources 44%, Bagoyeh management structure index, solidarity of line and headquarters personnel 43%, Bagoyeh reward index of proportionality of rights with responsibilities and Position fit with responsibility is 43%, growth structure index is 35%, employee growth and development priority is 35%, entrepreneurial culture index is 40% support for creative development ideas, and finally, social welfare index is with minimum educational provision, bio-centeredness of the program. 34% was high and very .

Security approach through design is one of the most effective and efficient approaches in the field of promoting urban security that can play a significant role in securing urban spaces. For this purpose, the purpose of this article is to present a model for measuring urban security and to introduce a security approach through design.

In the present study, the research method is applied based on the purpose and descriptive-analytical and survey method based on the method and nature.

The assessment model is presented from library studies and field methods have been used to collect information according to the nature of the research. The study shows the difference in the level of urban security among the three zones of the study area so that zone 3 is the safest zone in the area, also "territory" with a weight of 0.88 has the most role in establishing the security of the study area And "monitoring" with a weight of 0.08 has the least role in the whole range.

The results show that Zone 3 with a security level of 0.550 is the safest zone and has an aggressive strategy. Also, zone 2 with a weight of 0.251 has the lowest level of security and has a defensive strategy among the three zones of the health neighborhood.

The findings of the discourse analysis indicated that the floating indicator of 'social justice in unemployment insurance laws' is based on the central slab of 'targeted welfare system', this slab, the following governing discourse Unemployment Insurance Act (Construction Discourse) in the form of models or core signs, such as 'job creation', 'dual structure of unemployment insurance', 'attitude toward unemployment as a social problem,' 'lack of supportive and comprehensive view' and 'observance of authority justice' Blocking and articulation of this discourse has been shaped around the main dodges. But the floating slab 'Social justice in unemployment insurance laws' in the unemployment insurance plan, based on the central slab of 'comprehensive support policy', is the following dialogue in the text, which has been the moderation of the spiritual government, in the form of major signs. Or models such as 'non-compliance of distributive justice', 'Improving the welfare of the unemployed', 'attitude towards unemployment as macro and ultrasonity', 'planning a framework for the permission of the unemployed', 'providing financial credits in the field of unemployment,' 'reform in the rules And the regulations of unemployment 'and' observance of authority justice ', blocked and around the main signs, formed the meaning of the discourse. Therefore, the results of the discourse analysis indicate that social justice in unemployment insurance laws were not the same in terms of discursive analysis (subjects,

 The present article, while giving a general overview of the theories that have been developed in recent decenniums about the oil exporting countries in the world, seeks to highlight the role of concepts that have been given less attention or at least accentuation in these theories.On this substratum, relying on the opinions of several cogitators in the fields of History, Sociology, Economics, and International Relations, we will point out the importance of the role of security in shaping different social orders in the oil regimes of different regions, and by criticizing the standard-oriented and negative narratives of these countries, we will accentuate the issue of the formation process of the field of the state in relation to other fields to provide a positive interpretation of these systems. This article only seeks to highlight categorical concepts and analyses and does not claim to theorize in the realm of political and economic systems of oil exporting countries. However, perpetuating to highlight the role of other concepts that have not been fixated on in the related works can avail to reconstruct the theories related to these countries.However, perpetuating to highlight the role of other concepts that have not been fixated on in the related works can avail to.

Today, the response to the growing needs of society, which is in search of facilities, facilities and quality of life is higher and higher. The outskirts of the city are one of the most important population settlements that most unproductive economic activities in these areas are based on a direct relationship with the economic activity of the city and thus the development of the city.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of economic support on the empowerment of marginalized areas. Therefore, using descriptive and analytical methods and using a researcher-made questionnaire, data were collected through the Cochran's formula of 365 people in the suburban logic of Rasht.The findings showed that in most cases the mean of the studied indicators and items have a mean lower than the theoretical mean, which means that the government's economic support has not been able to improve the living conditions of informal settlements, but based on the chi-square test, The most economic support of the government belongs to the index of improving health and medical access, the index of dietary diversification, and the increase of purchasing power. In total, the government's economic support in the past few years has not been able to have an acceptable effect on the empowerment of informal settlement areas.

Today, tourism seeks to gain experience and return to the knowledge of the beliefs and traditions of local communities. Localization is one of the discourses that has been considered in the field of new development paradigms.Localization in the sense of self-belief, preservation and revival of indigenous methods and validation of one's own culture based on its real knowledge in the first place and conscious selection of economic, social and cultural methods and techniques of new scientific knowledge in the second place. Experience has shown that many indigenous techniques and methods, due to their compatibility with the ecosystem, are the same methods that represent the methods of achieving sustainable development today. In the field of tourism, this is reflected in components and categories such as indigenous knowledge, ecotourism, ecotourism resorts, event tourism, and rural and nomadic tourism. Considering the purpose and central issue of the research, ie the effect of localization approach in the process of sustainable tourism, it is concluded that by creating localization in the field of tourism, the scope of research, rehabilitation and efficiency of the indigenous community has increased. It has a direct connection.In the methodological dimension, the qualitative research method and the approach appropriate to anthropological work, ie ethnography, were used as the operational method of research, and the thematic analysis technique was used to analyze the data.

This study aimed to understand the problems and challenges facing Afghan immigrant women whose spouses are involved in substance use. This study was undertaken using qualitative methodology. The population consisted of women whose spouse was involved in substance use. In present study, 20 women with a drug user spouse were selected according to the purposive sampling method. Semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. This type of interview is suitable for qualitative research due to its flexibility and depth. The interview started with general and simple questions and moved on to more detailed questions. To increase the trustworthiness of this study, the method of obtaining feedback from participants and having a long relationship with them, as well as data analysis by several people independently was used. Six categories of women’s problems were found from the in-depth interviews. These categories included: "social exclusion" "spouse violence" "double stigma" " poverty combined" " problems of mental health" and" marital burnout". These main themes reflected the needs and challenges of Afghan women who have drug addicted husbands. The result showed that Afghan women who have drug addicted husbands faces numerous challenges and problems in the family and society. And in addition to enhancing empowerment, increasing resilience and social skills as a vulnerable group need professional intervention.

One of the most significant issues that has various meanings and dimensions for different individuals and groups is quality of life. This study extracts the most important components effecting the quality of life from an subjective perspective to achieve goal of extracting comprehensive indicators of quality of life in urban scale and measuring the quality of life in neighbourhoods studied on. This paper is practical in terms of research and is analytical descriptive in terms of survey methodology. In the present study we use the library and documentary resoarces to gather information. Then, direct observation, interview and questionnaire tools are used to measure the quality of life variables in the studied neiborhoods. Moreover factor analysis is used in data analysis.findings of this article show that final factors of quality of life in the city of Karaj are 16 factors. The general satisfaction level of residents with the quality of life in Azimiyeh, HesarakBala and Islamabad neighborhoods is very good, average and low respectively. Overall, the result of this article indicate that the housing index is considered as the most important factor for residents` satisfaction, wich unfortunately except for Azimiyeh, the other two mentioned neighborhoods are in an undesirable situation. In order to improve the quality of life of citizens, effective steps must be taken to fundamentally change the housing situation and improve their livelihood.