نشریه پژوهش مدیریت آموزش کشاورزی
سال پانزدهم شماره 64 (بهار 1402)

Agricultural Education Network is the educational network based on the website of the Institute of Agricultural Education and Extension, to improve the level of knowledge and job skills and professional behavior of agricultural stakeholders. The multiplicity of effective factors and variables in e-learning makes it necessary to pay attention to the quality of educational services in this system. Accordingly, the main purpose of this survey research was to analyzing components of service quality model of agricultural education network (SHAK) as perceived by learners. Statistical population of the study consisted of learners (N= 19310), out of whom 388 people determined as sample using Cochran's formula and stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a questionnaire; validity of questionnaire was approved by a panel of experts and construct validity (AVE≥0.96). Reliability of the questionnaire was approved by calculating the Ordinal Theta (θ≥0.93) and composite reliability (CR≥0.87). The collected data were analyzed by SPSSwin22 and LISREL software. The overall ranking of the SHAK service quality components showed that from the point of view of learners, the "educator" and "content" components were in the highest ranks and "planning and implementation" and "infrastructure - support" components were in the lowest ranks. Additionally, the results of the confirmatory factors analysis illustrated that the service quality model of the agricultural education network has six main components including: infrastructural-support, planning and implementation, content, educator, learners and results. Accordingly, it is recommended to improve the SHAK service quality through: improving the notification of courses, system upgrade, planning, adapt courses to the needs of the learners, updating the content, improving teaching skills and motivating learners.

this study was conducted in 2022 to identify the factors affecting the decline of inclination of rural boys towards agricultural profession. The research approach was quantitative nature, an causal-correlational type, and a field data collection method. The statistical population consisted of all rural boys aged 15 to 24 living in the villages of Baharan district in Gorgan County, with a total of 1588 individuals. A multistage random sampling method was used, and the sample size was determined using Morgan's table, with a total of 309 individuals selected for the study. The research instrument was a questionnaire with nominal, ordinal, interval, and relative scale questions. The face validity of the questionnaire was assessed through the opinions of the faculty members of the Agricultural Education and Extension Department at the Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, as well as the experts in extension from the Agricultural Jihad Organization of Golestan Province. Its reliability was measured using the ordinal Theta coefficient (θ = 0.83). According to the order of importance, the factors affecting the rural boys' tendency towards the agricultural profession were identified as follows: vocational, natural-supportive, economic, cultural, legal, and technical-social factors. These factors explained 52.46% of the total variance in the variables affecting the rural boys' lack of inclination towards the agricultural profession.

Increasing rate of unemployment among the graduates of the higher education system has been developed into one of the major socio- economic problems in Iran. One of the important strategies is to prepare students to have an entrepreneurial intention and become entrepreneurs, as a result of which entrepreneurial abilities and skills they acquire in universities can be very effective in this field. In this research, which was conducted with a quantitative paradigm and causal-relational method, the entrepreneurial intention of students was analyzed based on psychological capital and career adaptability. The statistical population was the senior bachelor agriculture students in College of Agriculture and Natural Resources at Razi University in the academic year 2022-2023 (N=470), which 207 were selected based on Cochran's sampling formula with a stratified random sampling method. For data collection were used Luthans et al. (2007) Psychological Capital questionnaire, Savickas and Porfeli (2012) career adaptability questionnaire and Liñán et al. (2011) Entrepreneurial Intention questionnaire. Data was analyzed applying SPSS26 and AMOS24. Results of structural equation modeling showed that psychological capital and career adaptability had positive and significant effects on entrepreneurial intention and explains 31% of its variance changes. Therefore, it can be concluded that psychological capital and career adaptability important and facilitating variables in the entrepreneurship development of students. The results of this research can have good results for professors and educational planners, and they can use it to understand how the factors that form the foundation and influence the intentions and development of entrepreneurial behaviors of students.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effective factors on improving quality of education in College of Agriculture,, University of Herat, Afghanistan. Data were gathered through a questionnaire technique during 2021. This research was an applied which was done by a descriptive-correlation method. The study population included 850 students of Herat Agriculture College, 230 samples were selected by a simple randomized sampling method and Cocheran's Formula. Validity of items in the questionnaire (or face validity) was confirmed by the experts. To evaluate the reliability of the research instrument ordinal theta (0.83-0.93) and CR (0.84-0.94) was calculated during a pre-test process by using PLS. The questions type was ordinal and based on 5-points Likert's scale. Data analysis was done by using statistics i.e. means, standard deviations, and variation coefficients, as well as structural equation model. The results showed that the status of quality of education was acceptable at agricultural faculty of Herat University based on 21 standards by calculating an average of 3.29. The results confirmatory factor analysis showed that the content of the curriculum with a coefficient of (0.47), the position of professors with a beta coefficient of (0.21), and teaching methods with a beta coefficient of (13) had the greatest impact on improving the quality of education. Results revealed that the variables student status, teacher status, equipment status, teaching method, satisfaction, and educational content could explain 47 percent of dependent variable of education quality.

Human resources, as the most important production factor, must have a developed mind and entrepreneurial thinking. Supporting the creation and launch of the front and rear components of production chains is one of the requirements of development and depends on the employment of expert forces. This article aims to investigate the current situation and the number of registrants, students and graduates in the fields of economics, extenion and education, agricultural and rural development in the academic year 1403-1402. This research is one of the review researches in terms of orientation and general purpose. In terms of the possibility and ability to control the investigated variables and the background conditions of the research, it is also among non-experimental and analytical research. Also, in our view, it is qualitative that was done in a narrative method, therefore interviews with key and informed people and collecting documents in the field were used. The statistical population consisted of 9 subject matter experts (experts, researchers and informed people, who were used by the focus group method. Despite the limitations of access to some statistics, a survey was conducted on the number of graduates, registered students and students of the mentioned groups by field during the 4 years ending in the academic year of 2019., the forecast of the expert manpower required to be submitted to the Ministry of "Repentance" was prepared and finalized by the relevant fields. The total admission in all fields is proposed to be 2464person.

One of the most critical concerns of planners is coordination and compatibility between the educational system's outputs and the labor market's needs. Higher education's quantitative and qualitative development should follow the predetermined goals to benefit as much as possible from graduates' abilities. Educational planning should provide the specialized needs of the labor market as well as prevent unemployment and waste of graduate abilities. Compatibility between job needs and quantitative and qualitative development of higher education plays a key role in getting stable jobs by agricultural graduates.Therefore, universities and agricultural higher education centers should implement educational programs in accordance with the changes, transformations, and challenges in the agricultural sector. In this article, the estimation of educated manpower needed in the fields of mechanization and agricultural machinery with a qualitative and narrative type of view and with an analytical method was discussed. This research is applied in terms of scope and descriptive study regarding the execution method. The estimation of the required manpower in the mentioned disciplines using the ratio density model by developing a focus group consisting of 10 agricultural education experts. The focus group included participants with common traits/experiences from the universities of Tehran, Azad Islamic Tehran Science and Research Unit, Agricultural Mechanization Development Center, Agricultural Engineering Technical Research Institute, Agricultural Engineering and Natural Resources Organization, and Agricultural and Industrial Machinery Union.

Although researches show that the formation of entrepreneurial intention is based on social and psychological capital; but linear relationships, as well as ignoring gender, may not clearly explain the formation of the mechanism of entrepreneurial intention. Based on this, the main purpose of the present study was to compare the linear and non-linear effect of social capital on the entrepreneurial intention of agricultural students with the mediation of psychological capital, which was done separately by gender for a deeper understanding. The statistical population of the research consisted of final-year undergraduate agricultural students in the public universities in the academic year 2021-2022. In this regard, 384 questionnaires, designed in a five-option Likert scale and collected by multi-stage sampling method, were analyzed using the PLS-SEM algorithm in Smart Pls4 software. The reliability and face validity of the instrument were confirmed through ordinal coefficient theta and an expert panel. The results showed that in female students, the nonlinear model of the effect of social capital on the entrepreneurial intention with the mediation of psychological capital is superior to the linear model. But in male students, the model is only linear. In addition, the results of the research revealed that the mechanism of the effect of the studied structures in male and female students is different in some ways. The results of the present research can help education officials and planners to adopt policies and practices for male and female students that will promote their entrepreneurial intentions.

The unemployment of a large number of agricultural graduates, including veterinary, has attracted the attention of various scientific and executive departments. Increasing production and productivity in modern husbandry by performing veterinary operations, developing new aspects of the veterinary field are among the necessary reasons for estimating and managing the human resources of the veterinary field.This research, with a qualitative view of a narrative type with an analytical method and in terms of collecting documentary data, with a non-experimental model, estimated the need for human resources of higher education in the field of veterinary, and a focus group was used to ensure the validity and reliability of the findings. In order to determine the suitable indicators of the research, the ratio density pattern was used in our qualitative view.By examining the status of student registration in various levels of veterinary medicine in all universities of the country during the past two decades, the current state of veterinary graduates and workers in the public and private sector and calculating the demand for educated human resources in the sector by asking employers and upstream documents until 1404 The capacity of accepting students for different levels of veterinary (1020 associate degree, 308 bachelor, 154 master,615 general doctorate, 306 specialized doctorate) has been reached. in addition to predicting the required number of educated people in different levels of veterinary medicine, suggestions have been made regarding the addition and deletion of some titles in the courses of different levels of veterinary..