فصلنامه آمایش محیط
پیاپی 61 (تابستان 1402)

Choosing suitable points to establish daily neighborhood markets, as service units, is an important task for urban planners in the field of location sciences. It is related to facilitating urban access and controlling urban traffic. The purpose of this research is to locate neighborhood day markets in Zabol, considering proper distribution to enhance accessibility and improve intra-city travel demand. The research method used in this study is descriptive and analytical. Initially, the positive and negative factors influencing location were identified and examined. Then, through data collection, information layer preparation, classification, internal valuation of the layers, and weighting and overlaying of information layers using fuzzy logic in a GIS environment, the lands of Zabol were prioritized for creating neighborhood day markets. Six favorable points for locating day markets were identified. Furthermore, considering the characteristics of each selected point and calculating the accessibility of the forty neighborhoods in Zabol, the forbidden search algorithm was applied to solve the hub location problem. The software provided the best possible answer after 100 iterations, with a final weight of 531, within a time frame of 11 seconds. The algorithm’s findings indicate that points 1, 2, 4, and 5 are the most suitable for locating day markets.

The increasing gap between theory and practice has emerged as a major challenge in the field of urban planning education over the past two decades. Planning literature has approached this gap from a political perspective, identifying the neglect of political contexts and power relations by technical planners as the main cause. This article aims to address the skill requirements of planning theories, explore new approaches to planning education in leading universities worldwide, and present strategies for developing new skills within the master’s program in Iran. To achieve these objectives, data were collected through library studies, questionnaires, and structured interviews conducted with practitioners and academicians. The collected data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results demonstrate that acquiring “soft skills” such as negotiation, mediation, facilitation, and conflict management, in addition to “hard skills” or planning techniques, can effectively reduce the theory-practice gap.

The urban space belongs to the general citizens of each city and other individuals present in the city. Therefore, urban planners should aim to create comfort and security for citizens to improve the urban space through appropriate and proficient management. The purpose of this research was to investigate the desirability of urban space in Ahwaz. The research methodology employed a quantitative approach in a descriptive-analytical manner, and the statistical population consisted of all citizens aged 15 and above in Ahwaz in 2020. Using Cochran’s formula, a sample size of 375 was estimated, considering all urban areas of Ahwaz as a cluster. The collected information was analyzed using the SPSS software, employing a one-sample t-test, independent t-test, and one-way analysis of variance. The results indicate that the desirability of urban space in Ahwaz falls below the standard and desirable level, with District 2 being in a more favorable situation among the eight districts of Ahwaz.

Iran is a land with a relatively high risk of earthquakes. Therefore, locating safe points against earthquakes based on spatial and non-spatial capabilities of a land is inevitable. The current research has been carried out with the aim of planning and locating safe and suitable places against earthquakes in Babol city, so that human and financial losses caused by earthquakes can be reduced as much as possible. This research is based on the practical purpose and on the basis of descriptive-analytical and field nature, the information of which has been collected using library and field methods and various tools such as data sheets, questionnaires, GPS, etc. and finally analyzed using ARC GIS software. The results of the research show that the parts of Babol city that have enough open spaces and at the same time are compatible with the uses around them, have a relatively better potential for settling the victims. By combining different layers of effective uses, the final map of optimal spaces for building urban shelters are divided into five categories from very good to very poor. Based on the findings, to determine the safest places, green spaces and parks, barren lands, schools, universities, sports fields have gained the most points for temporary accommodation.

Assessing the level of development of communities has been a concern for regional planners in all countries. The use of quantitative criteria for the classification of settlements leads to understanding the level of inequality between residential areas and provides a measure to reduce and eliminate these inequalities. To address regional imbalances, regions need to be identified and classified based on their level of development in different areas. The aim of this research is to identify disadvantaged areas and plan for reducing intra-regional disparities to achieve balanced development. In this study, 12 indices have been selected within the framework of numerical taxonomy analysis to assess the level of development and classify the counties of Bushehr Province. The research method used in this study is descriptive-analytical. Based on this classification, Bushehr with a development coefficient of 0.01382 is the most developed city, while Jam with a coefficient of 0.724444 is identified as the most disadvantaged city in the province. The results of this research indicate a center-periphery pattern dominating the spatial structure of Bushehr Province.

urban morphology has different functions in various fields such as heritage and tourism. By the aid of this knowledge there will be more accurate study in urban fabrics of cities specially in historical urban fabric of cities. So it will be better to discuss about how to interrupt and improve the historical urban fabric.

surveying urban morphology knowledge and its attitudes which are three schools (British school , Italian school and French school) and integrated one which is ISUF and how to use the urban morphology knowledge for better and more systematic analysis of urban fabric specially in heritage and tourism fields to lead a better decision making to interrupt in urban fabric of cities.

In this research the Conzenian method have been used. This method is acceptable for most of attitudes of urban morphology. In this method the elements of the form of city are four elements: the natural context, the streets system, the plots system, the buildings system. The historical urban fabric of Qazvin city has been studied by these four elements to find the features of it. 

By surveying the historical urban fabric of Qazvin city according the four elements of city form it was concluded that using this way is very effective to find out the characteristics of city more clearly.

The paper concluded that in surveying the urban morphology knowledge and choosing British method as the common method among the urban morphology schools can be an effective way for better and more clear identification of the features of urban fabric.

Population and its various dimensions have always been a concern for policymakers and experts. Natural population growth is the result of birth and death rates, while migration and mobility have a significant impact on the increase or decrease of demographic changes. Marginalization and the establishment of informal settlements, increasing land and housing prices, environmental degradation, indiscriminate use of groundwater, reduction of per capita green space, traffic and air pollution, urban waste generation and improper disposal, soil erosion, and industrial pollution are among the challenges and conflicts that arise from population growth and concentration in the country's metropolises. Based on the research methodology, this study follows a descriptive-analytical approach. According to the theoretical framework, all components were examined at the global and national levels with a focus on Iran, and the necessary information was collected to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the research. The ranking and prioritization model and Lorenz curve algorithm were used for screening and prioritization. First, the collected data were analyzed using Excel software and then transformed into numerical charts using the Lorenz curve. The research findings indicate that simultaneous with population growth and concentration in metropolises, development and progress have not occurred in parallel, and various differences and conflicts have emerged among different social classes and levels due to overcrowding, population movements, and development disparities in cities and metropolises.

According to the description of services Type 12 and the regulations for the approval of development and construction projects, comprehensive and detailed plans are supposed to adhere to certain regulations and rules, formulated and communicated to municipalities under the title of ‘Regulations and Rules’ during the preparation of the plans. However, in practice, municipalities issue permits and completion certificates that are in violation of these regulations and rules. This research focuses on exploring the reasons for the non-compliance with regulations and rules of approved projects by municipalities. The research is applied in nature and conducted using the Grounded Theory methodology. Due to the need for maximum data, the survey method was employed. Data collection continued until data saturation was reached. The entire content of interviews was analyzed using the qualitative data analysis software MaxQDA version 10, through open, axial, and selective coding. Then, all similar codes were grouped based on conceptual and semantic affinity and reduced to 5 core codes. Finally, based on the core codes, 5 main themes were identified, including conflict of interest, structural shortcomings, weaknesses in monitoring systems, administrative corruption, and legal issues.

Urban vegetation provides valuable ecosystem services to cities and their residents. With the increasing recognition of the multifunctional benefits of these services, improving green space networks tailored to the environmental and climatic characteristics of each city is a global trend. Green roofs have also gained attention as an important element in enhancing vegetation coverage and green spaces. The implementation of green roofs in Tehran can contribute to reducing building energy consumption and mitigating hazards such as air pollution, noise pollution, and heat islands, while enhancing urban biodiversity. In a time when greenhouse gas emissions are on the rise and the impacts of climate change are affecting urban life, the application of green roofs can be a step towards increasing resilience. It is necessary to optimize and integrate green roof components within the framework of green, intelligent, and sustainable building approaches.

The Persian Gulf region has always been subject to the turbulence of political, economic, and military strategies pursued by regional and extra-regional countries. The aim of this article is to analyze and examine the military, political, and economic equations between Iran and the United States in the Persian Gulf region. The main question of this article is that what are the military, political, and economic equations between Iran and the United States in the Persian Gulf region are. A descriptive method was used to gather theoretical and conceptual literature for the research, and a hierarchical analysis method was employed to analyze the data obtained from the questionnaire. Also a survey method was used to test the hypotheses. A preliminary sample was used to examine the reliability of the questionnaire, and with the obtained Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.87, the questionnaire's reliability was confirmed. The final questionnaire was then provided to the experts in the field of regional security. Opinions of 25 experts were collected and analyzed using the SPSS statistical software. The results of the article indicate that the geographic location of the region has specific sensitivity for both countries. However, what is important for the United States in this region is the continuity of its consumption role and the enhancement of its cultural and ideological position. Conversely, for Iran, strengthening cultural and ideological influence and reducing dependence on military and industrial consumption have greater significance.