نشریه روان شناسی فرهنگی زن
پیاپی 56 (تابستان 1402)

The purpose of this research was to investigate the mental pattern of psychologists and sociologists regarding the causes and cultural impairments of child marriage in girls. The statistical population included all psychologists and sociologists. The research sample was 16 interviewees from psychology and sociology specialists who reached theoretical saturation of the collected data by snowball sampling method. The research method was descriptive-survey of the mixed type research (qualitative-quantitative). In the present study, Q (Q) methodology technique was used to collect data. The group of Q expressions (Q) in 29 items was obtained from in-depth interviews with experts and research background. The validity of the content and form of the Q-chart and items was confirmed by the experts. The findings showed that the mentality of experts was classified in the order of priority in six different mental patterns of beliefists, macroists, familyists, socialists, religionists and individualists. Also, the main cause of child marriage of girls was reported by individuals who had the mental pattern of beliefists, beliefs issues, macroists, macro issues, familyists, within family issues, socialists, social issues, religionists, religious issues, and individualists, individual issues. According to the opinion of psychologists and sociologists, enculturation played the main and essential role in preventing child marriage of girls and it is necessary to take more measurements in this field. Using the capacities of the media to show the consequences of child marriage for girls in different ways could be effective in conveying messages and preventing such practice.

The purpose of current research was to study the effectiveness of subliminal stimulation on the symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder based on cultural issues in women in Tehran. The statistical population of the present study embraced all working women in state administrations of 10th district in Tehran in 1401. The sample subsumed 40 female employees whom were selected by convenience sampling procedure and allocated in two experimental and control groups, 20 subjects each. The research was a semi - experimental and was implemented as a pre-test – post-test design with a control. The data were gathered via Obsessive Compulsive Symptoms Scale (Goodman et al., 1989). The subliminal stimulation procedure was applied an hour daily during three months. To analyze the data multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and univariate covariance analysis (ANCOVA) were used. The results indicated that the subliminal stimulation intervention was effective on the symptoms of obsessive - compulsive disorder based on cultural issues in women (P<0.05). Studies also showed that obsessive-compulsive disorder is one of the mental disorder s that could appear under the influence of cultural factors. Therefore, identifying specific cultural issues related to the symptoms of this disorder is of special clinical importance. The most cultural effects on obsessive-compulsive disorder were respectively caused by false religious beliefs, family relationships, reactions of family members and emotions, norms and social views towards individuals, as well as other specific cultural beliefs and concerns. So, it is necessary to concern the cultural issues of the patients' family and society in order to treat obsessive-compulsive disorders.

The current research was intended to investigate the psychological status of women in Islam and western civilization based on the ideological paradigm of the supreme leader. The statistical universe of the research included all texts concerning the psychological status of women in Islam and western civilization based on the ideological paradigm of the supreme leader. The sample subsumed all topics related to women included in Islam and western civilization based on the ideological paradigm of the supreme leader. The research was processed by analytical-descriptive approach. The data was collected via document reviewing and library method through note taking on index cards from printed references concerning the ideological paradigm of the supreme leader and psychology. The data was analyzed by applying content analysis procedure. The results indicated that The family is one of the most important institutions in society, and it provides the strongest foundations for the spiritual and intellectual upbringing of individuals. Within such institution, women play a central role, but Western political and advertising systems seek to undermine their status. According to the Supreme Leader's perspective, Western civilization focuses solely on the sexual and feminine aspects of women while ignoring their human dimension and status. In the West, women are exploited under the guise of freedom, which is a form of slavery and insult to women. In contrast, Islam honors women and considers being a woman a source of pride and glory. Therefore, the Islamic perspective, and consequently that of the Supreme Leader, regards women with a comprehensive view that takes into account both divine values and human logic.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the conflict between custom culture and jurisprudence associated with women and its effect on the family lifestyle. The research universe was all the texts related to the conflict between custom culture and jurisprudence associated with women and its effect on family lifestyle. The research sample was the texts concerning the conflict of custom culture, jurisprudence and lifestyle in the family. The research was descriptive-analytical. The data was collected using the library method and note taking via index cards from jurisprudential and psychological sources. The data was analyzed through content analysis. The results showed that one of the major problems that threaten the social system was the existence of different and contradictory values and lifestyles that would be transformed to women and future generations. The change in patterns of consumption culture and reference patterns affected adherence reducing to religious and traditional values and weakening family relationships while through enculturation, lifestyle, and education, women's society could be made ready to accept rules and laws other than the custom culture they got used to it and believed it and would make ready them to change their tendency and thinking.  Corrupted culture and customs caused the deprive of the society from the fruits of the religious and expert women presence, social crises and anomalies in the family, especially for women, the decline of women's dignity, and the loss of their rights and in some cases, led to the increase of sin and corruption in society.  The transformation of values in the women of society provided a suitable platform for changes in the structure of cultural and social values.

The aim of the current research was to investigate the concept role of archetype in Jung's analytical psychology theory on the cultural-literary flourishing of Iranian women. The research universe included all texts related to the archetype concept of the Jung's theory and cultural-literary works of Iranian women. The sample of the research subsumed the works of Etisami, Daneshvar, Behbahani and Farrokhzad. The research method was descriptive-analytical. The data was collected via library method and through note taking on index cards. An analytical procedure was applied to analyze the data. The results showed that according to Jung's point of view, the archetype has been deposited in the collective unconscious through repeated and similar experiences in the lives of the ancestors. These archetypes appear in different forms in mythology, dreams and individual fantasies, in religion and also in literature. The persistence of these archetypes in mythology and literature was due to their realness, which could give deep meaning to human life. Writing or a literary work with eternal themes could become a universal concept. Therefore, female writers and female poets were faced with common semantic images or archetypes similar to the universal symbol, this features remain forever and eternal in the minds of people.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the causal relationship between media literacy and social responsibility with the mediating role of cultural capital in female students. The statistical population included all the female students of Ahvaz Islamic Azad University, in 2022. The sample subsumed 310 subjects whom were selected by convenience sampling procedure. The applied method was correlational and structural equation modeling type. The measuring instruments were Media literacy Questionnaire (Falsafi, 2014), Social Responsibility Questionnaire (Talabi and Khosbin, 2015), and Cultural Capital Questionnaire (Bourdieu, 1999). The data were analyzed by applying structural equation modeling and using SPSS-24 and AMOS-24. The results showed that the proposed model had a relatively acceptable goodness of fit indices. The findings indicated a direct and significant relationship between media literacy dimensions (understanding the content of media literacy, awareness of the hidden goals of media literacy, conscious selection of media literacy, critical look at media literacy and media literacy analysis) with social responsibility and cultural capital. In addition, cultural capital had a positive and significant relationship with social responsibility. The results also revealed an indirect significant relation of media literacy and social responsibility via mediating the cultural capital. Therefore, increasing the level of media literacy and cultural capital plays an important role in increasing social responsibility in female students.

The current research was purposed to study femininity representation in Parvin E'tesami 's poetry based on Elaine Showalter's theory i.e. psychological, sociological, biological and linguistics approach. The research universe encompassed Parvin E'tesami 's collected poetry. The sample encased all femininity related contents in Parvin E'tesami 's poetry. The research was designed as descriptive-analytical. The data was collected via library method. The results indicated; based on Showalter's quadruple model i.e., psychological, sociological, biological, and linguistic perspectives, it was determined. Parveen Etsami not only had a feminine language, but despite not having the experience of motherhood, one could get a sense of motherhood in her poems. In terms of psychology and psychoanalysis, E'tesami had characteristics and maternal feeling, attention and sympathy for women and love for wife. From a sociological and cultural point of view, she was concerned about improving the position of women in the society and encourages them to obtain higher positions. Linguistics of Etsami's poems showed more than anything the characteristic of her female writing. Only one of Showalter's models was not observed in E'tesami 's poetry and that was the biological approach. Many contemporary poets and writers had spoken about their female experiences and the experiences that are specific to their gender; but Etisami's modesty prevented her from using these features in her poems. Thus, no data according to this approach was observed in her court.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of mother's parenting style, the family's cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research statistical population included all psychology texts related to parenting style, the cultural capital and social skills on educating elementary school girls. The research sample embraced psychological texts concerning mother's parenting styles, family's cultural capital and social skills. The current research was descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done by using the library method and note taking on index cards. The data was analyzed via content analysis procedure. The results showed that amongst the mothers’ parenting styles, the authoritative one was the best for educating the children specially the females. Educating the children by such style was not completely restrictive.  There was more space for their individuality and independence.   Children educating by such style were saner and had better communicating. The children also acquired the cultural capital from their parents. The cultural capital represented in embodied, objectified and institutionalized forms. The children, particularly the girls who spent their more time with their mothers through identification process template their mothers’ behaviors and characteristics emerged from cultural enrichment.  Such factor could be as an initiator for the girls’ social maturation. Cultural capital is very important in the prevailing theories of modern education. Parents are a bridge between cultural heritage and ideas in daily life and learning in children. Mothers are considered an important lever due to the positive effective role they play in the education and acquisition of children's social skills on their children's social growth in the future.