مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اراک
سال بیست و پنجم شماره 5 (پیاپی 159، آذر و دی 1401)

A lack of healthy nutrition first causes prediabetes and then overt diabetes, and every year about 5% to 10% of people with glucose intolerance develop type 2 diabetes. This study aimed to assess the factors affecting the consumption of healthy foods (CHF) based on the food pyramid among prediabetic women based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

Methods & Materials:

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019 on 99 prediabetic women selected from comprehensive healthcare centers in Arak, Iran. A demographic questionnaire, a TPB-based questionnaire, and a food consumption Questionnaire were used for data collection. Data were analyzed through Spearman’s correlation and linear regression analyses.

Ethical Considerations: 

This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1398.07).

The Mean±SD score of diet behavior was 1.34±0.28 (in the possible range of 0-2). Around 41% of participants consumed sugary foods such as sweets and chocolate at least once a week and 35% at least once a month. Regression analysis shows that by increasing a standard deviation in the behavioral intention score, the behavior score of a healthy diet will increase by 0.22 standard deviation (P<0.05).

To achieve a healthy lifestyle in the individual at risk for a diabetics education program to increase perceived behavior and motivation for decision making for adherence to healthy food can be attention for policymakers in a health system.

The most concern about children with head and face trauma is the effects of the trauma and the treatment on their growth considering the possibility that the teeth in different stages of evolution that are adjacent to the fracture line, have different prognosis in growth and deformity. The present study examines the situation of the teeth around fracture lines in order to check the effects of the trauma on the mentioned teeth.

Methods and Materials: 

Complete information of 28 under 12 years old patients with jaw fracture that were admitted in the Bahonar hospital from 2010 until 2016, was extracted from files and Teeth adjacent to fracture line were clinically evaluated. Panoramic graphs that were taken instantly after the surgery and in the next 6 to 24 months period were inspected. The information examined in the panoramic graphs contained the level of internal and external erosion pathological lesion, and growth rate of teeth adjacent to the fracture line.

Ethical Considerations: 

This article was ethically approved by ethical committee of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (ethical code: IR.KMU.REC.1396.1398).

60/7 percent of the fractures were occurred in the lower jaw which in 67/9 percent of the times were treated by internal fixation and 10/7 were treated by Open Fracture Reduction. 89/3 percent of cases were free of pathological lesion. In 78/6 percent of cases change in color and in 71/4 percent of cases dental necrosis was not observed. 82/1 percent of the teeth had reached full growth. 

Most of the teeth adjacent to the fracture line had reached full growth and lacked pathological, color change, root deformation and loose teeth problems and there was no Difference in Open Fracture Reduction and internal fixation.

 and Aim Acinetobacter baumannii causes various nosocomial infections and has a high antibiotic resistance. Probiotics can produce metabolites with antimicrobial properties. This study aims to evaluate the antimicrobial ability of probiotics against nosocomial pathogens by inhibiting the ompA gene expression effective in biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Methods & Materials: 

The antimicrobial properties of probiotics against nosocomial pathogens were evaluated phenotypically. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique was used to identify the ompA gene in Acinetobacter baumannii. After treatment with Bacillus licheniformis supernatant, the ompA gene expression was compared before and after treatment with real-time PCR technique.

This study was approved by the ethics committee of Islamic Azad University, Qom branch (Code: IR.IAU.QOM.REC.1398.004).

Among the study probiotics, Bacillus licheniformis supernatant had the best antimicrobial properties against nosocomial isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii A52, Acinetobacter baumannii ATCC19606, Kelebsiella pneumonia ATCC70063, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Bacillus licheniformis supernatant also significantly reduced the biofilm formation and ompA gene expression in Acinetobacter baumannii.

 Bacillus licheniformis can produce substances with antimicrobial and antibiofilm properties. It can be used for controlling the causative agents of nosocomial infections.

Different implant angulation, which is unavoidable in clinical situations, can affect the accuracy of impression. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of fixture position on the accuracy of connecting impression coping to implants with internal hex.

A gypsum model with 4 implants with internal hex connection was prepared. The implants were installed in different mesiodistal angles of 0, 15, 25 and 35 degrees to the longitudinal axis in the gypsum model. To simulate the gums, a gingival mask was injected around the implants to a height of 2 mm. After a training session for senior dental students on how to close the impression coping, forty students were asked to close the impression copings on four implants. The correctness of the impression coping was evaluated by an expert prosthodontist. Data were statistically analyzed using Cochran Q test. Significance level was considered 0.05.

Ethical Considerations: 

this article is approved by ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences.

The correct performance of students in connecting the impression coping to the implant at angles of 0, 15, 25 and 35 degrees was equal to 85%, 72%, 52%, 35%, respectively. With the exception of 0 and 15 degree groups, a statistically significant difference was observed between different study groups.

The fixture position has a significant effect on the accuracy of connecting impression coping to the implants with the internal hex and by increasing the implant angulation, the accurate connection the impression coping to the implant decreases.

A common infection in complete or partial denture wearers is denture stomatitis. One of the most important factors in the adhesion of Candida albicans is the surface and chemical properties of the denture base materials. The aim of this study was to investigate the surface roughness and adhesion of Candida albicans to two different types of acrylic materials.

In this experimental study, 16 samples were prepared from each of Vertex and Ivoclar acrylic resin. The surface roughness of the samples was measured by a profilometer. The samples were then placed in a cell suspension of Candida albicans. After incubation and staining with acridine orange, the yeast cells attached to the acrylic samples were counted using a fluorescent microscope. Data were statistically analyzed by T-test.

Ethical considerations: 

This article is approved by the ethics committee of Arak University of Medical Sciences with the ethics code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1398.301.

There was no statistically significant difference in the mean of surface roughness between the two study groups (P = 0.311). However, Candida albicans colonization in ivoclar acrylic was significantly lower than vertex acrylic. (P = 0.000).

Differences in surface topography and physical and chemical properties of Vertex and Ivoclar acrylic resin affect the adhesion of Candida albicans.

Physical activity has multiple health benefits, but its association with fertility in women is still unknown. Considering the critical effects of lifestyle on reproductive health, this study aims to compare the physical activity and body composition of fertile and infertile women.

This is a case-control study that was performed on 100 fertile and 100 infertile women aged 20-40 years referred to the infertility treatment centers in Arak, Iran. they completed self-reported questionnaires surveying sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) assessing physical activity and sedentary behavior. Anthropometric characteristics and body composition were also measured. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association of fertility with physical activity level, sedentary behavior, and body composition.

This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the University of Arak University of Medical Sciences  (Code: IR.ARAKMU.REC.1400.050).

The level of physical activity (P=0.001) was lower and the body mass index (P=0.03) was higher in infertile women than in fertile women. In women with moderate level of physical activity, the risk of infertility was lower (OR=4.42, 95% CI: 1.60-12.99, P=0.004). Women who spent the time sitting for more than 300 minutes a day were 2.07 times more likely to have fertility than women who were physically active (OR=2.07, 95% CI: 1.36-3.14, P=0.001).

Low physical activity, sedentary lifestyle and obesity are independent risk factors of infertility. To prevent infertility, more attention should be paid to the lifestyle of women.