International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery
Volume:11 Issue: 4, Oct 2023

The scope of tuberculosis (TB) elimination programs, such as case detection, rapiddiagnostics, and treatment success, has dramatically worsened because of the COVID-19 pandemic.Therefore, this study aimed to explore the experiences of patients with TB who had completed theirtreatment during the COVID-19 pandemic. This qualitative study was performed using content analysis approach between May–July2022. A total of 14 patients with TB who agreed to participate in this study were selected usingpurposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted using semi-structured interview guidelines,and the interviews ended after information saturation occurred. Data analysis was carried outconcurrently to identify the main themes. The NVIVO software application version 12 was utilized toanalyze the data. Several key themes emerged from the study, shedding light on various aspects of theexperiences of TB patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. These themes encompass (1) Barriers toTB Diagnosis during the COVID-19 Pandemic; (2) Challenges in TB Treatment during the COVID-19Pandemic; and (3) Support Resources during TB Treatment in pandemic era. Patients have difficulty receiving healthcare because of changes in TB health servicesbrought on by the pandemic. This research advances our knowledge of the effects of the COVID-19pandemic on patients with TB and lays the groundwork for improved patient support and interventions.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is one of the causes of poor performance in women,with direct and indirect adverse effects on their marital, family, and social life. This study aimed toexamine the effect of cognitive-behavioral counseling on resilience in adolescent girls with PMS. This randomized clinical trial was conducted from February to May 2018 on 15-17-year-old girladolescents in Hamadan high schools. Using the block randomization method and the block size of 10, werandomly assigned 120 participants with moderate to severe PMS into intervention (N=60) and controlgroups (N=60). Participants in the intervention group received eight 60-minute cognitive-behavioralcounseling sessions for 8 weeks, and the control group received no intervention. Data were gatheredusing demographic questionnaire, Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool, and the Connor-Davidsonresilience scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. The Chi-square, independentsamplest-test, and paired t-tests were used to analyze the data. P values <0.05 were considered significant. The mean total resilience score and all its dimensions increased in the intervention group3 months after the intervention (P<0.05). Mean scores of total resilience and all subscales exceptspiritual influences showed statistically significant differences between the intervention and controlgroups 3 months after the intervention (P<0.05). Cognitive-behavioral counseling can improve resilience in female adolescents withmoderate to severe PMS. It is recommended that school counselors can use cognitive-behavioralcounseling to improve the resilience of girls with moderate to severe PMS.Trial Registration Number: IRCT2015052615341N6.

Obstetric complications are illnesses that develop during childbirth. Smartphones,which facilitate the use of prompt features in the early diagnosis of challenges and quick delivery ofrespectful maternity care, are one of the most recent advances in health technology. The key objectiveof this project is to evaluate the usability and quality of the “E-Midwife” mobile application for nursemidwives,which focuses on obstetric complications. This study is a component of a randomized controlled trial on nurse-midwives. This projectfollowed a four-step approach: content development phase, app design phase, app development phase,and usability testing phase. The app was developed using extensive flowcharts, a definition of thenavigational framework, a structured database, and user-friendly software. 140 out of the 196 nursemidwiveswere allocated to the intervention (n=70) and control group (n=70), using random allocation.The intervention group used the application for 8 weeks. Usability and quality of the application wereassessed using the system usability scale and the mobile application rating scale, respectively. SPSSstatistical software, version 17, was used to analyze the data The overall score of the usability testing of E-Midwife was 82.75±0.68 The total mean scoreof quality was 3.77±0.86. Therefore, it was shown to have good usability and quality. The E-midwife mobile application has a high usability and quality which makes its usageeffective and efficient. It is recommended that these similar mobile apps should be used along withother educational methods for educating the nurse-midwives.Trial Registration Number: CTRI/2022/03/040857.

Motherhood in prison is a topic of growing importance and concern in the field ofcriminal justice. Incarcerated mothers face unique challenges that can have profound psychologicalimpacts. The purpose of this study was to gain a deep understanding of pregnant prisoners’ livedexperiences of motherhood. This qualitative research was carried out using descriptive-interpretive phenomenology viainterviews with 11 pregnant or early postpartum women in prison. The participants were purposefullyselected from incarcerated pregnant women in a prison in Iran from 2019 to 2021. The MAXQDAsoftware version 10 was used for data analysis, using Van Manen’s six-step phenomenological approach. The main theme of “living in a dichotomous world “consisting of two subthemes of “movingbetween unity and separation” and “being subject to ambiguity and uncertainty” emerged in this study.Motherhood in prison is just like living in a shaky and chaotic world, in which mothers are confusedbetween reaching to and separating from their children. They are ambivalent about motherhood andexperience mixed emotions of attachment and abandonment to their child and cannot be confidentregarding the future of themselves and their children. Incarcerated mothers experience mixed emotions of attachment and abandonmenttowards their children, which leaves them uncertain about the future. It is recommended thatsecurity personnel of the prisons and families offer care and support to incarcerated mothers throughconstructive communications and empathy to enhance their well-being. It also seems crucial to adopta community-centered approach that provides empathetic support and implements inclusive policies.

Parental competence is a key aspect of parenting. Since they have no previous experienceof having a baby, first-time mothers should acquire certain skills to be competent enough in caring fortheir baby. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of virtual education in parenting skills onthe parenting competence of first-time mothers with a 0-2-year-old baby. This quasi-experimental study was conducted through convenience sampling; 72 first-timemothers were selected from 12 healthcare centers, 62 of whom met the criteria for entering the study,and divided into an experimental (n=31) and a control (n=31) group. The mothers in the experimentalgroup received virtual education in parenting skills in six sessions, each lasting 10 minutes for twoweeks. The data were collected using a demographics questionnaire and Gibaud-Wallston’s parentingsense of competence scale. Sense of competence was assessed in three stages: before, immediatelyafter, and one month after the completion of the intervention. The collected data were analyzed usingSPSS v. 22 at a significance level of less than 0.05. Results showed a statistically significant increase in the experimental group’s parentingcompetence mean score immediately and one month after the intervention (P<0.001). There was astatistically significant difference between the mean scores of the study groups as measured immediatelyafter (P=0.043) and one month after the intervention (P<0.001). Virtual education of parenting skills could have a positive impact on the mothers’parenting competence. It is suggested that first-time mothers should be educated in parenting skills ona face-to-face basis in maternity wards and online after discharge.

Childbirth preparation classes are designed for better adaptation of couples tophysiological and psychological changes related to pregnancy and childbirth. Therefore, we aimed toexplore the mothers’ perceptions about childbirth preparation classes. A qualitative study was conducted using the conventional qualitative content analysis methodfrom May to August 2022. Eighteen women who had given birth in the last six months in one of thehospitals in Tehran and at least 20 days had passed since their delivery were included in the study;also, five husbands, two midwives, and two obstetricians were interviewed. The participants werepurposefully selected according to the inclusion criteria. Sampling continued until data saturation.Data were collected through individual, in-depth, and semi-structured interviews and analyzed by theMAXQDA version 10 software. Mothers’ age ranged from 17 to 37 years. 128 primary codes, 7 sub-sub themes, 3 sub-themes,and one theme were extracted. The sub-themes included satisfaction from the choice (perceptionforming for better choices, common consent), making the wait pleasant (dignity-oriented professionalcare, adaptation to change, feeling of empowerment), and good termination (free and conscious choicefor birth mode, self-control during delivery process). Finally, a theme called “making motherhoodpleasant” was extracted. Making motherhood pleasant can be a meaningful achievement of childbirth preparationclasses. Paying more attention to improving the quality of these classes can help improve family health.Therefore, policymakers should implement strategies to facilitate women’s access to these classes.

Stunting is a chronic malnutrition problem to which developing countries are faced. Stuntingincreases the risk of child death, affects cognitive and motor development, and reduces performanceand productivity in adulthood. Globally, 1 out of 4 children under the age of 5 suffers from stunting,which causes developmental and growth delays.1

One of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease is hypertension. According to the 2017 globalburden of disease report, it was indicated that the number of individuals worldwide suffering fromhypertension will have reached 1.56 billion by 2025, indicating a 60% rise in its global prevalence.1Research conducted in various countries has revealed a global rise in the prevalence of hypertension,primarily attributed to such factors as population growth, aging, and changes in behavioral risks.Middle- and low-income countries experienced a significant increase in hypertension prevalence incomparison with high-income countries in recent years.1, 2