نشریه مسائل کاربردی تعلیم و تربیت اسلامی
سال هشتم شماره 26 (بهار 1402)

The present study was conducted with the aim of discovering the factors affecting the generation gap among students in the four districts of Tehran.

The study population was all the parents and teachers of students in the four cities of Tehran. The sample size was determined based on the theoretical saturation of 23 people. The data collection tool was semi-structured interview and the data analysis technique was thematic analysis.

The findings show that "the fluidity and virtualization of thinking/learning, the multiplicity of religious/educational identity references, the acquisition of group prestige and meaningfulness, the weakness of transferring the cognitive values/skills of religion, Static and conservative understanding of values, aversion to religion and weakness of religious beliefs, weakness in reconnecting oneself with family values are among the components that lead to the generation gap among the studied students.

The results of this study show that students' static understanding of values as the most important internal factor and weakness in the transmission of religious/educational values as the most important external factor lead to generation gap among them. has been Therefore, it is necessary to use the appropriate design of soft educational tools to transfer the cognitive values/skills of religion in order to reduce this gap.

Goal:

 Rational agency and belief in divine values ​​is the elixir of moving forward, resilience, uplifting and value-creating in individual and communal human life in the digital age. The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the perception and lived experience of senior high school students about the role of cyberspace in transforming their religious beliefs.

To achieve this objective, a qualitative approach and a descriptive phenomenological method were employed along with interviews with email and open-ended questions. The participants were chosen using the snowball sampling method within the research field, which consisted of female students in senior high school, between 15 and 18 years old, residing in districts 1, 16, and 20 of Tehran. The semi-structured interview process concluded after the 15th interview, upon reaching saturation. Data were analyzed using the MAXQDA software based on Colaizzi’s method. In order to increase the reliability, credibility, and confirmability of the data, the methods of “investigation and review in the time of coding”, “using the opinions of research colleagues”, and “long-term immersion” were utilized. The findings led to the identification of 85 significant statements, and the classification of 15 sub-themes and 5 themes, including cognitive, doctrinal, behavioral, emotional, and practical themes.

By investigating the views and experiences of students in facing the cyberspace and the expansion of its use during the Covid-19 pandemic and afterwards, significant and sometimes worrying changes have occurred in the students' religious beliefs in all five mains cognitive, doctrinal, behavioral, emotional, and practical dimensions.

The right upbringing and setting the ground for the promotion of beliefs and agency for religious teachings in the students studied does not have a satisfactory condition; rather, with the influence of diverse factors, especially the content and values ​​common and dominant in the cyberspace, it has been accompanied by extensive changes in the opposite direction of the expected religious beliefs. It seems that the existing trend of facing with and accessing to the cyberspace, without intelligent management of teenagers, with all levels of content and lack of attention close to passivity to the content presented and released in the cyberspace, which according to the evidences has worked more effectively in schools, can undermine the foundation of students' religious beliefs. It is important to pay serious attention to teaching media literacy to parents and teenagers; creating a basis for giving functionality to the incentives and actions of all educated people and those concerned with education, including teachers, lecturers, professors, trainers, counselors, psychologists, sociologists and cultural promoters for the public production and republishing of the noble and original content in accordance with the cultural teachings of our country; and especially its publication and dissemination based on entertainment and educational principles, even so late, can provide a basis for reducing the risks of this highly effective and original space known as cyberspace and free the society from some of its dangers.

the purpose of this study was to investigate the structural relationship between religious orientation and professional ethics with regard to mediator role of moral development levels in elementary teachers .

the research method was descriptive and correlation with structural equation modeling . the population of this research was all elementary teachers in sabzevar city in the academic year 1400 - 1401 ( N = 500 ) . in addition , a sample of 220 men and women teachers were selected by stratified random sampling method . the sample consisted of three questionnaires of moral development ( ma , 1981 ) ; professional ethics ( ( , 2002 ) and religious orientation ( Allport & ross , 1950 ) . structural equation modeling ( sem ) was used to model structural equation modeling .

the results showed that the professional ethic in teachers increased with the internalization of religious orientation , so that its direct effect was  570/0=β  . religious orientation is associated with moral development and moral development with professional ethics . also there was an indirect relation between religious orientation and professional ethics through ethical development levels .

conclusion the results of this study show that by internalization of religious orientation and as a result of higher levels of moral  development , professional ethics in elementary teachers increases.

This study aimed at predicting psychological hardiness based on religious orientation through the mediating role of students’ identity styles.

The method of the study was correlational and of structural equation analysis type. The statistical population of the study included all the senior high school students of Kashan city (8100 people) in the academic year of 2021-2022. To determine the sample size, the criteria involved in the statistical method of structural equations were used. The sample size in this study was 500 people selected using cluster multistage sampling method.The data-collecting tool included three questionnaires: Hardiness Scale (Kobasa, 1990), Identity Style Inventory (Berzonsky, 1992) and Religious Orientation Questionnaire (Allport, 1950). The data were analyzed by structural equation modeling and using LISREL 8.8 and SPSS 26 software.

According to the findings of this study, external orientation (p < 0.01), internal orientation (p < 0.05) directly predicted psychological hardiness. Internal orientation predicted psychological hardiness through the mediating role of identity styles (p < 0.01). Informational identity style (β<0.05), and normative identity style (p<0.05) directly predicted psychological hardiness. External orientation (p < 0.01), and internal orientation (p < 0.01) directly predicted informational identity style. Internal orientation (p < 0.01) directly predicted normative identity style.

According to these findings, psychological hardiness can be predicted based on religious orientation through the mediating role of identity style. Therefore, it is recommended to consider these two variables in students’ educational programs.

This study aimed at investigating the mediating role of the quality of Islamic life in the relationship between academic perfectionism and the spiritual intelligence of the senior high school students.

This correlational study was conducted using a structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all 1046 senior high school students in Kerman, Iran, in the academic year of 2021-2022. 342 students were selected as a sample using a multi-stage cluster sampling method. In order to collect data, Namqi’s questionnaire of quality of Islamic life (2014), Rasouli and Bahrami’s questionnaire of academic perfectionism (2015) and Abdollah-Zadeh and his colleagues’ questionnaire of spiritual intelligence (2017) were used. The data were analyzed using structural equation modeling with AMOS software version 23 and SPSS version 22.

There is a direct, positive, and significant relationship between the variables of the quality of Islamic life and academic perfectionism (t= 11.182,  = 0.35), a direct, positive, significant relationship between the variables of the spiritual intelligence and academic perfectionism (t= 8.224,  = 0.24), and a direct, positive and significant relationship between the variables of spiritual intelligence and the quality of Islamic life (t= 13.716,  = 0.59). In addition, there is an indirect, positive, significant relationship between the variables of spiritual intelligence and academic perfectionism with the mediating role of Islamic quality of life ( = 0.23).

Academic perfectionism is one of the causes of students’ failure, and what can improve it is paying attention to the quality of Islamic life and spiritual intelligence. Therefore, by increasing spiritual intelligence and improving the quality of Islamic life, one can reduce academic perfectionism in students.

The purpose of this study was to conduct an ijtihad study on "holding congregational prayers in schools" and to deduce its ruling, as well as the rules of educational methods in this field and harmful methods.

This research has used ijtihad method based on the methodology of knowledge of jurisprudence (and educational jurisprudence) to solve its problem and has inferred the desirability of congregational prayer and its useful and useless methods by referring to the Qur'an, tradition, intellect and jurisprudential rules. .

Studies show that holding congregational prayers is obligatory on school educational agents in terms of the general guidance duties of every Muslim and is obligatory as an agent of the Islamic government or a deputy / lawyer / reward of a Muslim family. It is also a legal obligation in the Islamic Republic of Iran. The methods of holding their prayers are doomed to rules and regulations, and one of the most important criteria is the condition of the possibility of the effect and sanctity of harm and misguidance in the choice of educational styles and methods. It is also not permissible to use severe coercion (forcing a teacher by deprivation of authority), severe coercion (forcing a teacher to threaten his life and reputation) and moderate reluctance (forcing a teacher to threaten to deprive him of his mandatory salary) in performing prayers. Also, if performing congregational prayers causes hatred of prayers or stabilizes hypocrisy and hypocrisy (in the long run), it is haram and obligatory for school administrators to replace the more useful methods based on accurate expertise.

This article showed that educational jurisprudence has a good capacity to extract the educational prescriptions of Islam in one issue (congregational prayer and related issues) and can be used in addition to philosophical, historical, comparative and experimental research in educational research. Come on.